Shin mahalarci ne?

13 Shahararren Nau'in Ma'aikaci | + Nasihu don sarrafa su da ƙarfafa su

13 Shahararren Nau'in Ma'aikaci | + Nasihu don sarrafa su da ƙarfafa su

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Astrid Tran 24 Jul 2023 7 min karanta

Wane irin ma'aikata ne ku?

Barkewar cutar ta haifar da Babban Murabus da Babban Sauyi, abin da mutane ke magana akai kwanan nan. A cikin shekaru masu zuwa, kusan dukkanin kungiyoyi suna fuskantar hauhawar farashin canji, da raguwar amincin ma'aikata, wanda hakan ke shafar kamfanoni don kula da tarin hazaka. 

Bugu da ƙari, ra'ayi na abin da ke sa "aiki mai kyau" yana canzawa, abin da kamfani ke bukata ba shine matsakaicin ma'aikaci ba. Madadin haka, an fi lura da nau'ikan nau'ikan ma'aikata kuma kamfanoni suna ƙoƙarin koyo game da su.

Yana da mahimmanci ga kamfanoni, duk masu ɗaukar ma'aikata da ƙwarewar haɓaka don fahimtar kowane nau'in ma'aikata da abin da ke motsa su. Sakamakon haka, kamfanoni za su iya yanke shawarar wane nau'in ma'aikata ne suka fi dacewa ga kasuwancin ku dangane da buƙatun ma'aikata da haɓakar haɓaka aiki. 

A cikin wannan labarin, mun shiga cikin abin da ma'aikata suke, mafi yawan nau'in ma'aikata da shawarwari don gudanarwa da kuma motsa su don yin aiki mai kyau. Wanne zai iya taimakawa ƙungiyoyi don magance ƙananan ma'aikaci riƙewa, yawan canjin ma'aikata da sauran matsalolin daukar ma'aikata.

irin ma'aikata
Nau'in Ma'aikata a cikin ƙungiya da mafi kyawun hanyoyin sarrafa kowane ɗayan su | Hoto: Freepik

Teburin Abubuwan Ciki

Overview

Menene ma'aikaci?Mutumin da ma'aikaci ya ɗauka don yin takamaiman aiki
Yadda za a ayyana nau'in ma'aikata?Dangane da lokutan aiki, ɗabi'a, ko matakin haɗin gwiwa.
Menene nau'ikan aikin yi?Cikakken lokaci / Part-Lokaci / Na lokaci / Hayar / Ma'aikata masu iyaka
Bayani game da nau'in ma'aikata

Menene Ma'aikata?

Ma'aikata mutane ne waɗanda ƙungiya ta ɗauka ko ɗaukar aiki don yin takamaiman ayyuka ko ayyuka don musayar diyya. Suna aiki a ƙarƙashin kulawa da jagorancin mai aiki, suna bin ka'idoji da tsare-tsaren da aka kafa.

shafi:

Wadanne nau'ikan ma'aikata 7 ne suka fi yawa? (+ Nasihu)

Akwai rabe-rabe da yawa na ma'aikata kuma wanda aka fi sani da shi yana dogara ne akan lokutan aiki, kwangila da sauran diyya na ma'aikata. Ga mafi yawan nau'ikan ma'aikata a cikin wannan rarrabuwa:

#1. Ma'aikata na cikakken lokaci

  • Irin wannan ma'aikata suna aiki akai-akai, yawanci sa'o'i 40 a kowane mako.
  • Suna da hakkin samun fa'idodin diyya na ma'aikata kamar inshorar lafiya, lokacin hutu, da tsare-tsaren ritaya.
  • Ana ɗaukar ma'aikatan cikakken lokaci membobin ƙungiyar na dogon lokaci kuma galibi suna da ƙarin tsaro na aiki.

Mafi kyawun ayyuka don sarrafawa da ƙarfafa ma'aikata na cikakken lokaci: 

  • Saita bayyanannun manufa da tsammanin, da damar haɓaka aiki
  • Ba da amsa akai-akai da kimantawa 
  • Tafi nisan mil don gina amana da kula da tattaunawar sadaukarwa
  • Samar da fa'idodin biyan diyya ga ma'aikata

#2. Ma'aikata na lokaci-lokaci

  • Irin wannan ma'aikata suna aiki kaɗan na sa'o'i idan aka kwatanta da ma'aikatan cikakken lokaci.
  • Wataƙila suna da jadawali masu sassauƙa kuma galibi ana ɗaukar su don biyan takamaiman buƙatun aikin aiki ko don rufe canje-canje.
  • Ma'aikata na ɗan lokaci suna samun ƙarancin fa'idodin ma'aikata dangane da ƙa'idodin gida da manufofin ƙungiya.

Mafi kyawun ayyuka don sarrafawa da ƙarfafa ma'aikata na ɗan lokaci:

  • Ci gaba da buɗe layin sadarwa
  • Saka hannun jari da ƙoƙari wajen horar da ma'aikata na ɗan lokaci 
  • Jadawalin sassauci
fa'idar diyya ma'aikaci
Abin da kowane nau'in ma'aikata ke buƙata don makomar aiki | Hoto: LinkedIn

#3. Ma'aikata Na Zamani

  • Ana ɗaukar su hayar don cika ayyuka na ɗan lokaci a lokacin mafi girman yanayi ko takamaiman lokutan ƙarar buƙata.
  • Na kowa a cikin masana'antu kamar kiri, baƙi, da noma. Alal misali, otal na iya ɗaukar ma'aikata 20 na yanayi don tabbatar da isassun ma'aikata a lokutan kololuwar yanayi.
  • Yawancin lokaci ana ɗaukar su na ƙayyadadden lokaci kuma ana sake su da zarar buƙatun yanayi ya ragu.

Mafi kyawun ayyuka don sarrafawa da ƙarfafa ma'aikata na yanayi:

  • Bayar da cikakken horo, bayyanannen jagorori, da goyan baya a lokacin ƙayyadaddun lokacinsu
  • Bi da su daidai da ma'aikatan cikakken lokaci
  • Yi magana a fili game da tsammanin ku don lokacin aiki don guje wa duk wani rudani

#4. Ma'aikatan Hayar

  • Ana ɗaukar su da ma'aikacin ma'aikata ko kamfanin haya sannan aka sanya su aiki ga ƙungiyar abokin ciniki. 
  • Misali, kamfani na fasaha na iya haɗa kamfani mai ba da hayar don samar wa masu haɓaka software ƙware a cikin wani yaren shirye-shirye don aikin na wata shida.
  • Kamfanin haya ya kasance ma'aikaci na rikodin, albashinsu, fa'idodi, da sauran ayyukan gudanarwa, amma ma'aikacin da aka yi hayar yana aiki a ƙarƙashin jagora da kulawar ƙungiyar abokin ciniki.
  • Wannan tsari yana bawa ƙungiyoyi damar samun takamaiman ƙwarewa ko ƙwarewa ba tare da dogon lokaci na aiki kai tsaye ba.

Mafi kyawun ayyuka don gudanarwa da ƙarfafa ma'aikatan haya:

  • A bayyane yake sadarwa nauyin aiki, tsammanin aiki, da makasudin aikin.
  • Samar da kayan aiki masu mahimmanci, kayan aiki, da horo
  • Yi la'akari da haɗawa da ma'aikatan da aka yi hayar a cikin shirye-shiryen fitarwa ko abubuwan ƙarfafawa

#5. Ma'aikatan Taimako

  • Irin wannan ma'aikata, wanda kuma aka sani da masu zaman kansu, 'yan kwangila masu zaman kansu, ko masu ba da shawara, ana ɗaukar su don takamaiman ayyuka ko ayyuka bisa tsarin kwangila.
  • Suna aiki a kan wucin gadi ko tushen aikin tsari maimakon a yi aiki a matsayin membobin ma'aikata na yau da kullun.
  • Ma'aikatan da ke aiki sau da yawa suna da ƙwarewa na musamman kuma suna ba da sassauci ga ƙungiyoyi don haɓaka ƙarfin aikinsu bisa ga buƙatu masu canzawa.

Mafi kyawun ayyuka don sarrafawa da ƙarfafa ma'aikatan da ke da iyaka:

  • Tabbatar cewa sun fahimci matsayinsu, alhakinsu, da tsammanin aikinsu.
  • Samar da sabuntawa akai-akai da martani
  • Samar da m a kan jirgin ruwa da horo
  • Bayar da sassauƙa a cikin lokutan aiki ko zaɓin aiki mai nisa a duk lokacin da ya yiwu

#6. Masu horarwa

  • Interns mutane ne, galibi ɗalibai ko waɗanda suka kammala karatun kwanan nan, waɗanda ke shiga ƙungiyar don ƙayyadadden lokaci don samun ƙwarewar aiki mai amfani a takamaiman fanni.
  • Ƙungiyoyin horarwa suna ba da dama ga ɗalibai don amfani da ilimin su na ka'idar, haɓaka sababbin ƙwarewa, da kuma gano hanyoyin aiki.
  • Ana iya biya ko kuma ba a biya ƙwararru ba, ya danganta da ƙa'idodin gida da manufofin ƙungiya.

Mafi kyawun ayyuka don sarrafawa da ƙarfafa ƙwararrun ƙwararru: 

  • Bayar da dama ga masu horarwa don haɓaka ƙwarewarsu da iliminsu ta hanyar shirye-shiryen horo, taron karawa juna sani, ko karawa juna sani.
  • Sauƙaƙe damar sadarwar
  • Amince da ƙoƙarinsu ta hanyar yabo na baki, takaddun shaida, ko ƙananan alamun godiya.
  • Ba da jagora akan yuwuwar matakai na gaba, kamar nassoshi ko damar aiki na gaba.

#7. Masu koyo

  • Masu koyan koyo nau'in ma'aikata ne waɗanda ke yin haɗin gwiwar horar da kan aiki da koyarwa a aji don haɓaka ƙwarewa na musamman a cikin wata sana'a ko sana'a.
  • Koyon koyarwa yawanci ya ƙunshi yarjejeniya ta yau da kullun tsakanin mai koyo, mai aiki, da mai bada horo.
  • Suna ba wa mutane tsarin tsarin koyo da damar samun riba yayin da suke koyo.

Mafi kyawun ayyuka don gudanarwa da kwadaitar da masu koyo: 

  • Bayar da masu koyo damar juyawa ta sassa daban-daban ko ayyuka a cikin kungiyar.
  • Samar da ingantaccen tsarin horo wanda ya haɗu karatu a kan-aiki da umarni na yau da kullun
  • Tabbatar cewa masu koyo sun sami diyya mai kyau daidai da ka'idojin masana'antu
sarrafa nau'ikan ayyuka daban-daban
Mafi kyawun Tips don sarrafa da fitar da kowane nau'in ma'aikata | Hoto: Freepik

shafi:

Wadanne nau'ikan ma'aikata guda 6 ne bisa karfafawa? (+ Nasihu)

Dangane da binciken Bain & Kamfanin akan ma'aikata 20000 a cikin ƙasashe 10, sun gano nau'ikan ma'aikata guda 6 dangane da tunanin archetypes. Ga taƙaitaccen bayanin kowane nau'in ma'aikata:

Nau'in masu aiki na ma'aikata

Nature: Masu aiki suna motsawa ta hanyar kwanciyar hankali da tsari. Suna neman fayyace umarni, ƙayyadaddun ayyuka, da yanayin aikin da ake iya faɗi.

Hanyoyin fitar da su: Samar da tabbataccen tsammanin, ingantattun matakai, da dama don ƙarin ci gaba. Gane hankalinsu ga daki-daki da ikon aiwatar da ayyuka yadda ya kamata.

Masu bincike irin na ma'aikata

Nature: Masu bincike suna motsawa ta hanyar ilmantarwa da ci gaban mutum. Suna neman sabbin ƙalubale, dama don haɓaka fasaha, da haɓaka hankali.

Hanyoyin fitar da su: Ba da ayyuka daban-daban, shirye-shiryen horo, da dama don ƙirƙira. Ƙarfafa su don bincika sababbin ra'ayoyi da samar da dandamali don raba ilimi.

Majagaba nau'in ma'aikata

Nature: Majagaba suna mai da hankali kan cin gashin kai da ikon yin tasiri mai mahimmanci. Suna bunƙasa a cikin yanayin da ke ba su damar yin haɗari, ƙalubalanci halin da ake ciki, da kuma haifar da canji.

Hanyoyin fitar da su: Ƙarfafa su da ikon yanke shawara, ƙarfafa tunanin kasuwanci, da samar musu da dandamali don tasiri dabarun da jagoranci.

Masu bayarwa nau'in ma'aikata

Nature: Masu bayarwa suna motsawa ta hanyar ma'ana kuma suna yin tasiri mai kyau ga wasu. Suna ba da fifikon haɗin gwiwa, tausayawa, da aiki tare.

Hanyoyin fitar da su: Inganta a al'adu masu tallafi da haɗa kai, gane gudunmawar su, da kuma ba su dama don ba da gudummawa ga al'amuran zamantakewa ko ayyukan haɗin gwiwar al'umma.

Masu sana'a nau'in ma'aikata

Nature: Masu sana'a ma'aikata ne da gwaninta da fasaha ya shafa. Suna ƙoƙari don ƙware a cikin aikinsu, suna mai da hankali ga dalla-dalla, kuma suna alfahari da ƙwarewarsu.

Hanyoyin fitar da su: Samar da dama ga haɓaka fasaha, gane gwanintarsu, da kuma inganta al'adun ci gaba da ingantawa. Ƙarfafa su don raba iliminsu da jagoranci wasu.

Strivers irin ma'aikata

Nature: Mai yiyuwa ne masu gwagwarmaya su kiyaye tabbatarwa na waje, ƙwarewa, da damar ci gaba. Suna da sha'awar yin nasara kuma suna neman lada don ƙoƙarinsu.

Hanyoyin fitar da su: Saita bayyanannun manufa, bayar feedback da kuma karramawa don nasarorin da aka samu, kuma suna ba da dama don haɓaka aiki. Ƙirƙirar yanayi da ke motsa aiki wanda ke ba da lada ga aiki tuƙuru.

irin lambar yabo ga ma'aikata
Amfani da AhaSlides don haɗa kowane nau'in ma'aikata yayin kowane taro, ƙimar ma'aikaci, da ƙari

shafi:

Tambayoyin da

Nawa nau'ikan aiki kuma menene su?

Akwai nau'ikan ayyuka guda 4 waɗanda yakamata kowa ya sani ƙirƙirar fa'ida, tallafi na dabaru, tallafi mai mahimmanci, kuma marasa mahimmanci.

Ma'aikata nawa ne ke aiki?

A cewar Statista, an kiyasta cewa kimanin biliyan 3.32 ke aiki a duniya a cikin 2022.

Nawa nau'ikan haɗin gwiwar ma'aikata ne akwai?

The aiki ma'aikaci Rabewa ya kasu zuwa nau'i uku: fahimi, haɗin kai da ta jiki a cikin cikakkiyar hanya.

Menene nau'ikan ma'aikata guda 4?

Mafi yawan nau'ikan rarrabuwar ma'aikata sun haɗa da: Ma'aikata na cikakken lokaci, Ma'aikatan Lokaci-lokaci, Ma'aikatan Lokaci, da Ma'aikatan wucin gadi

Kwayar

Ma'aikata sune ƙashin bayan kowace ƙungiya, suna ba da ƙwarewar da suka dace, ilimi, da ƙoƙarin cimma manufofin kamfanin. Gane mahimmancin kowane nau'in ma'aikaci don haɓaka yanayin aiki mai tallafi yana da mahimmanci ga ƙungiyoyi don bunƙasa da nasara a cikin fage mai fa'ida.

Ta hanyar ƙima da saka hannun jari horar da ma'aikata da kimantawa tsari, za ka iya haifar da tabbatacce kuma m al'adun wurin aiki wanda ke amfana da daidaikun mutane da kuma kungiya baki daya. Laka na iya zama mafi kyawun saka hannun jari idan ya zo ga isar da jan hankali da horarwa da ƙima ga kowane nau'in ma'aikata. Ɗauki lokaci don bincika fasalulluka na AhaSlides kyauta kamar tambayoyin kai tsaye, Polls, dabaran juyawa, a-gina samfuri kuma mafi.