Yuav ua li cas yog kev kawm raws li qhov project? Muaj ib qho laj thawj peb feem ntau xav txog cov chav kawm xws li kos duab, suab paj nruag, ua yeeb yam zoo siab tshaj plaws ntawm peb lub xyoo kawm ntawv.
Nws yog tib qho laj thawj uas cov chav ua haujlwm ntoo, chav kuaj kev tshawb fawb thiab chav ua noj hauv chav ua noj hauv kuv lub tsev kawm ntawv yeej ib txwm yog qhov chaw zoo siab tshaj plaws, muaj txiaj ntsig thiab nco qab ...
Cov menyuam yaus tsuas nyiam ua yam.
Yog tias koj puas tau ntxuav phab ntsa "kos duab" lossis roob Lego rubble los ntawm koj tus menyuam hauv tsev, tej zaum koj yuav paub qhov no lawm.
Kev ua si yog a tseem ceeb heev ib feem ntawm tus menyuam txoj kev loj hlob tab sis feem ntau tsis quav ntsej hauv tsev kawm ntawv. Cov kws qhia ntawv thiab cov ntaub ntawv kawm feem ntau tsom mus rau kev nkag siab ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, tsis hais los ntawm kev mloog lossis kev nyeem ntawv.
Tab sis ua is kev kawm. Qhov tseeb, ib txoj kev tshawb nrhiav pom tias nquag ua cov khoom hauv chav kawm tau nce qib tag nrho los ntawm a loj 10 feem pua cov ntsiab lus, ua pov thawj tias nws yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws kom tau txais cov tub ntxhais kawm kev kawm.
Qhov kev txiav txim yog qhov no - muab ib qhov project rau lawv thiab saib lawv tawg paj.
Nov yog qhov project-based kev kawm ua haujlwm li cas…
Txheej txheem cej luam
| Thaum twg yog qhov project-raws li kev kawm thawj zaug? | 1960s |
| Leej twg pioneer project-based kev kawm txuj ci? | Brows thiab Tamblyn |
Table of Contents
Tswv yim rau kev sib koom tes zoo dua
Nrhiav rau txoj kev sib tham sib los tswj koj qhov project zoo dua?.
Tau txais cov qauv dawb thiab cov lus nug ua si rau koj cov rooj sib tham tom ntej. Sau npe pub dawb thiab nqa yam koj xav tau los ntawm AhaSlides!
🚀 Rub tus account dawb
Project-Based Learning yog dab tsi?
Project-based learning (PBL) yog thaum ib tug tub kawm ntawv, ob peb pawg ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm los yog tag nrho cov chav kawm koom nrog a nyuaj, muaj tswv yim, ua tau, txhawb, mus sij hawm ntev peb tes num.
Cov adjectives yog emboldened vim hais tias, frankly, ua cov yeeb nkab ntxuav tsiaj thaum muaj 10 feeb nyob rau hauv textiles classes tsis suav li PBL.
Rau qhov project kom tsim nyog rau PBL, nws yuav tsum yog 5 yam:
- Nyuaj: Qhov project yuav tsum xav tau tiag tiag kom daws tau qhov teeb meem.
- Creative: Qhov project yuav tsum muaj lus nug qhib tsis muaj ib tug teb yog lawm. Cov tub ntxhais kawm yuav tsum muaj kev ywj pheej (thiab txhawb nqa) los qhia txog kev muaj tswv yim thiab tus kheej hauv lawv txoj haujlwm.
- Achievable: Qhov project yuav tsum muaj peev xwm ua kom tiav siv cov tub ntxhais kawm yuav tsum paub los ntawm koj chav kawm.
- Txhawb kev: Qhov project xav tau koj tawm tswv yim raws txoj kev. Yuav tsum muaj cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb rau qhov project thiab koj yuav tsum siv cov no los saib seb qhov project nyob rau theem twg thiab muab tswv yim.
- Ntev mus ntev: Qhov project yuav tsum muaj qhov nyuaj txaus uas nws siv sijhawm ntev npaum li cas: nyob qhov twg ntawm ob peb tshooj mus rau tag nrho semester.
Muaj ib qho laj thawj kev kawm raws li qhov project kuj hu ua 'kev tshawb nrhiav kev kawm' thiab 'kev kawm txuj ci'. Nws yog txhua yam hais txog tus menyuam kawm ntawv thiab lawv tuaj yeem kawm tau li cas los ntawm lawv qhov kev tshawb pom thiab kev paub dhau los.
Tsis xav li cas lawv nyiam heev.
Lub tswv yim zoo dua nrog AhaSlides
Vim li cas Project-Based Learning?
Kev cog lus rau tej yam tshiab txoj kev qhia tshiab siv sijhawm, tab sis thawj kauj ruam yog nug yog vim li cas? Nws yog pom lub hom phiaj kawg ntawm kev hloov; dab tsi koj cov tub ntxhais kawm, lawv qib thiab koj tau tawm ntawm nws.
Nov yog qee qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kawm raws li qhov project…
#1 - Nws ua haujlwm tiag tiag
Yog tias koj xav txog nws, koj yuav paub tias koj tau ua qhov project-raws li kev kawm tag nrho koj lub neej.
Kev kawm taug kev yog ib txoj haujlwm, ib yam li ua phooj ywg hauv tsev kawm ntawv theem pib, ua noj koj thawj pluas noj thiab xam seb dab tsi yog ntuj raug txim. kom muaj nuj nqis nruj yog.
Tam sim no, yog tias koj tuaj yeem taug kev, muaj phooj ywg, tuaj yeem ua noj tsis txaus ntseeg thiab paub cov ntsiab lus siab ntawm kev lag luam, koj tuaj yeem ua tsaug rau koj tus kheej PBL tau txais koj.
Thiab koj paub tias nws ua haujlwm.
Raws li 99% ntawm LinkedIn 'influencers' yuav qhia rau koj, cov lus qhia zoo tshaj plaws tsis nyob hauv phau ntawv, lawv tab tom sim, ua tsis tiav, sim dua thiab ua tiav.
Qhov ntawd yog tus qauv PBL. Cov tub ntxhais kawm hais txog qhov teeb meem loj los ntawm qhov project hauv theem, nrog ntau ntau ntawm kev ua tsis tiav me me ntawm txhua theem. Txhua qhov kev ua tsis tiav yuav pab lawv kawm paub qhov lawv ua tsis yog thiab lawv yuav tsum ua li cas kom ua tau qhov yog.
Nws yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev kawm rov tsim dua hauv tsev kawm ntawv. Nws tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob tias muaj lub roob ntawm cov pov thawj qhia tias PBL muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua li cov qauv qhia hauv cov ntaub ntawv kev paub, science, lej thiab lus Askiv, tag nrho nrog cov tub ntxhais kawm qib 2 txog qib 8.
Qhov project-raws li kev kawm ntawm txhua theem yog yooj yim zoo.
#2 - Nws yog kev koom tes
Ntau qhov laj thawj rau tag nrho cov txiaj ntsig zoo yog qhov tseeb tias cov menyuam yaus nquag txaus siab rau kev kawm los ntawm PBL.
Tej zaum qhov ntawd yog me ntsis ntawm cov lus cheb, tab sis xav txog qhov no: raws li ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv, yog tias koj muaj kev xaiv ntawm kev saib ntawm phau ntawv qhia txog photons los yog tsim koj tus kheej tesla coil, koj puas xav tias koj yuav koom nrog ntau dua?
Cov kev tshawb fawb txuas saum toj no kuj qhia cov tub ntxhais kawm li cas tiag tiag mus rau PBL. Thaum lawv ntsib nrog ib txoj hauj lwm uas yuav tsum tau muaj tswv yim, yog qhov nyuaj thiab tam sim ntawd pom nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb tiag tiag, lawv cov kev txaus siab rau nws skyrockets.
Nws tsis tuaj yeem yuam cov tub ntxhais kawm kom txaus siab rau kev nco cov ntaub ntawv rau kev rov ua dua hauv kev xeem.
Muab ib yam rau lawv kev lom zem thiab kev txhawb siab yuav saib xyuas nws tus kheej.
#3 – Nws yog yav tom ntej pov thawj
A 2013 txoj kev tshawb no pom tias ib nrab ntawm cov thawj coj ua lag luam nrhiav tsis tau cov neeg ua haujlwm zoo vim tias, qhov tseem ceeb, lawv tsis paub xav li cas.
Cov neeg thov no feem ntau muaj kev txawj ntse, tab sis tsis muaj "kev ua haujlwm hauv chaw ua haujlwm zoo li kev hloov pauv, kev sib txuas lus thiab kev muaj peev xwm los daws cov teeb meem nyuaj."
Nws tsis yooj yim rau qhia kev txawj ntse zoo li cov no hauv qhov chaw ib txwm muaj, tab sis PBL tso cai rau cov tub ntxhais kawm los txhim kho lawv nyob ib sab ntawm qhov lawv tab tom txhim kho raws li kev paub.
Yuav luag yog ib qho txiaj ntsig ntawm qhov project, cov tub ntxhais kawm yuav kawm paub ua haujlwm ua ke, yuav ua li cas los ntawm txoj kev thaiv, yuav ua li cas coj, yuav ua li cas mloog thiab ua haujlwm li cas nrog lub ntsiab lus thiab kev txhawb siab.
Rau yav tom ntej ntawm koj cov tub ntxhais kawm, cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kawm ua haujlwm hauv tsev kawm ntawv yuav pom tseeb rau lawv raws li cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab tib neeg.
#4 - Nws suav nrog
Linda Darling-Hammond, tus thawj coj ntawm Thawj Tswj Hwm Joe Biden pab pawg hloov pauv kev kawm, ib zaug hais qhov no…
"Peb tau txwv txoj kev kawm raws li txoj haujlwm rau cov neeg tsawg tsawg ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm uas nyob hauv cov chav kawm muaj txiaj ntsig thiab muaj txuj ci, thiab peb yuav muab lawv qhov peb yuav hu ua 'kev xav ua haujlwm'. Qhov ntawd tau ua rau muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm lub sijhawm nyob hauv lub tebchaws no. "
Linda Darling-Hammond pe PBL.
Nws hais ntxiv tias qhov peb xav tau tiag tiag yog "kev kawm raws li qhov project no rau tag nrho cov cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawv".
Muaj ntau lub tsev kawm ntawv thoob plaws ntiaj teb uas cov tub ntxhais kawm raug kev txom nyem vim lawv txoj kev noj qab haus huv tsis zoo (SES qis). Cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawm cov keeb kwm muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tau muab txhua lub sijhawm thiab raug txhawb nqa los ntawm lawv, thaum cov tub ntxhais kawm qis SES tau khaws cia zoo thiab tiag tiag hauv cov pwm.
Nyob rau lub sijhawm tam sim no, PBL tau dhau los ua qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau cov tub ntxhais kawm qis-SES. Nws tso txhua leej txhua tus rau tib qho chaw ua si thiab unshackles lawv; nws muab lawv txoj kev ywj pheej muaj tswv yim tag nrho thiab tso cai rau cov tub ntxhais kawm qib siab thiab tsis yog qib siab ua haujlwm ua ke ntawm qhov project uas txhawb nqa.
A kev tshawb fawb qhia los ntawm Edutopia pom tias muaj kev loj hlob ntau dua hauv cov tsev kawm qis SES thaum lawv hloov mus rau PBL. Cov tub ntxhais kawm nyob rau hauv tus qauv PBL tau sau cov qhab nia siab dua thiab muaj kev txhawb siab siab dua li lwm lub tsev kawm ntawv uas siv cov kev qhia ib txwm siv.
Qhov kev txhawb siab siab dua no yog qhov tseem ceeb vim qhov no yog ib qho lossis loj zaj lus qhia rau cov tub ntxhais kawm qis-SES tias lub tsev kawm ntawv tuaj yeem ua tau zoo siab thiab sib npaug. Yog tias qhov no tau kawm ntxov, qhov cuam tshuam ntawm qhov no ntawm lawv txoj kev kawm yav tom ntej yog qhov zoo heev.
Kev Tshawb Fawb Zoo nrog AhaSlides
Project-Based Learning Examples and Ideas
cov kawm tau hais los saum no yog ib qho piv txwv zoo heev ntawm kev kawm raws li qhov project.
Ib qho ntawm cov haujlwm hauv qhov kev kawm ntawd tau tshwm sim hauv Grayson Elementary School hauv Michigan. Nyob ntawd, tus kws qhia ntawv tau qhia lub tswv yim ntawm kev mus rau qhov chaw ua si (zoo siab txais tos los ntawm nws chav kawm qib 2nd) los sau txhua yam teeb meem uas lawv nrhiav tau.
Lawv tau rov qab mus kawm ntawv thiab sau ib daim ntawv teev tag nrho cov teeb meem uas cov tub ntxhais kawm pom. Tom qab kev sib tham me ntsis, tus kws qhia ntawv tau hais kom lawv sau ib daim ntawv thov mus rau lawv pawg sab laj kom sim thiab kho nws.
Lo thiab saib seb, tus councilman Randy Carter tau tig los ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv thiab cov tub ntxhais kawm tau nthuav tawm lawv cov lus pom zoo rau nws raws li chav kawm.
Koj tuaj yeem pom qhov project rau koj tus kheej hauv video hauv qab no.
Yog li PBL tau raug ntaus hauv chav kawm social studies. Cov tub ntxhais kawm tau mob siab rau thiab cov txiaj ntsig uas lawv tau los ua tau zoo heev rau qib 2, tsev kawm ntawv txom nyem siab.
Tab sis PBL zoo li cas hauv lwm yam kev kawm? Tshawb xyuas cov tswv yim kev kawm raws li qhov project rau koj tus kheej chav kawm…
- Ua koj lub teb chaws - Koom nrog hauv pab pawg thiab tuaj nrog lub teb chaws tshiab, ua tiav nrog qhov chaw nyob hauv ntiaj teb, huab cua, chij, kab lis kev cai thiab cov cai. Cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws npaum li cas yog nyob ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm.
- Tsim ib qho kev ncig xyuas - Xaiv txhua qhov chaw hauv ntiaj teb thiab tsim ib qho kev ncig xyuas uas mus rau txhua qhov chaw nres tsheb zoo tshaj plaws hauv ntau hnub. Txhua tus tub ntxhais kawm (lossis pab pawg) muaj peev nyiaj uas lawv yuav tsum tau ua thiab yuav tsum tuaj nrog kev ncig xyuas kom zoo uas suav nrog kev mus ncig, tsev so thiab zaub mov. Yog tias qhov chaw lawv xaiv rau kev ncig xyuas yog hauv zos, ces lawv tuaj yeem txawm tias ua ncig saib hauv lub neej tiag tiag.
- Thov rau koj lub nroog los tuav lub Olympics - Ua ib pab pawg tswv yim rau lub nroog lossis lub nroog koj nyob hauv los tuav cov kev ua si Olympic! Xav txog qhov twg cov neeg yuav saib cov kev ua si, lawv yuav nyob qhov twg, lawv yuav noj dab tsi, qhov twg cov neeg ncaws pob yuav cob qhia, thiab lwm yam. Txhua qhov project hauv chav kawm muaj peev nyiaj tib yam.
- Tsim ib qho chaw ua yeeb yam - Muab ib qho kev qhia ua yeeb yam ua ke rau yav tsaus ntuj, suav nrog kos duab los qhia thiab txhua yam xwm txheej yuav tsum muaj. Yuav tsum muaj ib daim ntawv me me piav qhia txog txhua daim duab thiab cov qauv kev xav rau lawv txoj kev npaj thoob plaws hauv lub gallery.
- Tsim ib lub tsev laus rau cov neeg mob dementia - Cov zos Dementia yog nyob rau qhov sawv. Cov tub ntxhais kawm kawm paub dab tsi ua rau lub zos dementia zoo thiab tsim lawv tus kheej, ua tiav nrog txhua qhov tsim nyog los ua kom cov neeg nyob zoo siab dua rau qee qhov peev txheej.
- Ua ib tug mini-documentary - Siv ib qho teeb meem uas xav tau kev daws teeb meem thiab ua cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb txog nws, suav nrog cov ntawv sau, hais lus taub hau thiab lwm yam tub ntxhais kawm xav suav nrog. Lub hom phiaj kawg yog los hais cov teeb meem hauv lub teeb sib txawv thiab muab ob peb txoj hauv kev rau nws.
- Tsim lub nroog medieval - Tshawb nrhiav lub neej ntawm cov neeg nyob nruab nrab nruab nrab thiab tsim lub nroog medieval rau lawv. Tsim lub nroog raws li cov xwm txheej uas twb muaj lawm thiab kev ntseeg nyob rau lub sijhawm.
- Revive lub dinosaurs - Ua lub ntiaj teb rau txhua hom dinosaur kom lawv tuaj yeem ua neej nyob. Yuav tsum muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua me me raws li qhov ua tau, yog li lub ntiaj teb yuav tsum tau teeb tsa kom ntseeg tau tias muaj feem ntau ntawm kev muaj sia nyob.
3 Qib mus rau Kev Kawm Zoo Tshaj Plaws-raws li kev kawm
Yog li koj muaj lub tswv yim zoo rau ib qhov project. Nws zuam tag nrho cov thawv thiab koj paub tias koj cov tub ntxhais kawm yuav nyiam nws.
Lub sijhawm los rhuav tshem koj PBL yuav zoo li cas zuag qhia tag nrho, txhua ob peb lub lis piam thiab txhua zaj lus qhia.
Daim Duab Loj
Qhov no yog qhov pib - lub hom phiaj kawg rau koj qhov project.
Tau kawg, tsis muaj ntau tus kws qhia ntawv muaj kev ywj pheej xaiv ib txoj haujlwm random thiab vam tias lawv cov tub ntxhais kawm kawm ib yam dab tsi txog qhov kawg ntawm nws.
Raws li tus qauv cirruclum, thaum kawg, cov tub ntxhais kawm yuav tsum yeej ib txwm qhia kom nkag siab txog lub ncauj lus uas koj tau qhia rau lawv.
Thaum koj tab tom npaj qhov project yuav muab rau koj cov tub ntxhais kawm, nco ntsoov qhov ntawd. Xyuas kom tseeb tias cov lus nug uas tshwm sim thiab qhov tseem ceeb tau mus txog ntawm txoj kev yog nyob rau hauv qee txoj kev muaj feem xyuam rau lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm qhov project, thiab hais tias cov khoom uas tuaj txog ntawm qhov kawg ntawm nws yog cov lus teb ruaj khov rau cov haujlwm qub.
Nws yog ib qho yooj yim heev kom tsis nco qab qhov no ntawm kev taug kev ntawm kev tshawb pom, thiab cia cov tub ntxhais kawm tau me ntsis heev muaj tswv yim, mus rau lub ntsiab lus uas lawv tau tag nrho mangled lub ntsiab ntawm qhov project.
Yog li nco ntsoov lub hom phiaj kawg thiab paub meej txog cov rubric koj siv los cim koj cov tub ntxhais kawm. Lawv yuav tsum paub tag nrho cov no kom kawm tau zoo.
Nruab Nrab Nruab Nrab
Hauv nruab nrab yog qhov chaw uas koj yuav muaj koj qhov tseem ceeb.
Peppering koj qhov project nrog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb txhais tau hais tias cov tub ntxhais kawm tsis raug tso tseg rau lawv tus kheej cov khoom siv txij thaum pib mus rau qhov kawg. Lawv cov khoom kawg yuav zoo sib xws nrog lub hom phiaj vim tias koj tau muab rau lawv cov lus pom zoo ntawm txhua theem.
Qhov tseem ceeb, cov kev ntsuam xyuas tseem ceeb no feem ntau yog lub sijhawm thaum cov tub ntxhais kawm xav tias muaj kev txhawb siab. Lawv tuaj yeem sau npe qhov kev nce qib ntawm lawv qhov project, tau txais cov lus qhia muaj txiaj ntsig thiab coj cov tswv yim tshiab mus rau theem tom ntej.
Yog li, ua tib zoo saib koj qhov project tag nrho thiab rhuav tshem nws mus rau theem, nrog rau kev txheeb xyuas qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov kawg ntawm txhua theem.
Hnub-rau-hnub
Thaum nws los txog rau qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm ua dab tsi thaum koj cov lus qhia tiag tiag, tsis muaj ntau yam koj yuav tsum ua tsuas yog nco ntsoov koj lub luag haujlwm.
Koj yog tus pab txhawb nqa tag nrho qhov project no; koj xav kom cov tub ntxhais kawm txiav txim siab lawv tus kheej kom ntau li ntau tau kom lawv kawm tau ntawm nws tus kheej.
Nrog rau qhov ntawd hauv siab, koj cov chav kawm feem ntau yuav yog…
- Rov hais dua qhov tseem ceeb tom ntej thiab lub hom phiaj tag nrho.
- Flitting nruab nrab ntawm cov rooj tshuaj xyuas qhov kev vam meej ntawm pab pawg.
- Nug cov lus nug uas pab thawb cov tub ntxhais kawm mus rau qhov raug.
- Kev qhuas thiab txhawb nqa.
- Ua kom paub tseeb tias txhua yam uas tus menyuam kawm ntawv xav tau (hauv qhov laj thawj) lawv tuaj yeem muaj.
Ua kom paub tseeb tias 5 txoj haujlwm no ua tiav ua rau koj muaj lub luag haujlwm txhawb nqa zoo, txhua lub hnub qub, cov tub ntxhais kawm, yuav kawm los ntawm kev ua.
Nkag mus rau qhov project-Based Learning
Ua tau lawm, qhov project-raws li kev kawm tuaj yeem yog ib qho muaj hwjchim loj kawg nkaus hauv kev qhia.
Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias nws tuaj yeem txhim kho qib kawm tau zoo, tab sis qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, nws ua rau muaj kev nkag siab ntawm xav paub hauv koj cov tub ntxhais kawm, uas tuaj yeem pab lawv zoo kawg nkaus hauv lawv txoj kev kawm yav tom ntej.
Yog tias koj txaus siab muab PBL rau hauv koj chav kawm, nco ntsoov pib me me.
Koj tuaj yeem ua qhov ntawd los ntawm kev sim ua ib txoj haujlwm luv luv (tej zaum tsuas yog 1 zaj lus qhia) raws li kev sim thiab saib seb koj chav kawm ua haujlwm li cas. Koj tuaj yeem muab cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawv tshawb fawb sai tom qab nug lawv seb lawv xav li cas thiab seb lawv puas xav ua qhov loj dua.
Tsis tas li, saib seb puas muaj lwm tus xib fwb ntawm koj lub tsev kawm ntawv uas xav sim PBL chav kawm. Yog tias muaj, koj tuaj yeem zaum ua ke thiab tsim ib yam dab tsi rau txhua chav kawm.
Tab sis qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, tsis txhob kwv yees koj cov tub ntxhais kawm. Tej zaum koj tsuas yog xav tsis thoob ntawm qhov lawv tuaj yeem ua nrog txoj haujlwm zoo.
Muaj kev koom tes nrog koj cov kev sib sau
Cov Lus Nug
Keeb kwm ntawm kev kawm raws li qhov project?
Txoj Haujlwm-raws li kev kawm (PBL) muaj nws cov hauv paus hauv txoj kev kawm nce qib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, uas cov kws qhia ntawv zoo li John Dewey tau hais txog kev kawm los ntawm kev siv tes ua haujlwm. Txawm li cas los xij, PBL tau txais txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb hauv 20th thiab 21st centuries raws li kev kawm theorists thiab practitioners lees paub nws cov txiaj ntsig hauv kev txhawb nqa kev nkag siab tob thiab kev txawj ntse hauv xyoo pua 21st. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, PBL tau dhau los ua ib qho kev qhia nrov tshaj plaws hauv K-12 kev kawm thiab kev kawm qib siab, uas qhia txog kev hloov pauv mus rau cov tub ntxhais kawm-centered, kev nug-raws li kev kawm uas hais txog kev daws teeb meem thiab kev sib koom tes.
Yuav ua li cas yog kev kawm raws li qhov project?
Kev kawm raws li qhov project (PBL) yog ib qho kev qhia qhia uas tsom rau cov tub ntxhais kawm koom nrog hauv ntiaj teb tiag tiag, muaj txiaj ntsig, thiab siv tes ua haujlwm los kawm thiab siv kev paub thiab kev txawj ntse. Hauv PBL, cov tub ntxhais kawm ua haujlwm ntawm ib txoj haujlwm tshwj xeeb lossis teeb meem nyob rau lub sijhawm txuas ntxiv, feem ntau koom nrog kev koom tes nrog cov phooj ywg. Txoj hauv kev no yog tsim los txhawb kev kawm kom nquag plias, kev xav zoo, kev daws teeb meem, thiab kom tau txais kev kawm thiab kev txawj ntse.
Dab tsi yog cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm kev kawm raws li qhov project?
Student-Centered: PBL muab cov tub ntxhais kawm nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lawv txoj kev kawm. Lawv ua tswv cuab ntawm lawv cov haujlwm thiab muaj lub luag haujlwm rau kev npaj, ua tiav, thiab xav txog lawv txoj haujlwm.
Authentic Tasks: Cov phiaj xwm hauv PBL yog tsim los ua raws li cov xwm txheej tiag tiag hauv ntiaj teb lossis kev sib tw. Cov tub ntxhais kawm feem ntau ua haujlwm rau cov haujlwm uas cov kws tshaj lij hauv ib cheeb tsam yuav ntsib, ua rau kev kawm paub ntau dua thiab siv tau.
Interdisciplinary: PBL feem ntau koom ua ke ntau yam kev kawm lossis kev qhuab qhia, txhawb cov tub ntxhais kawm siv kev paub los ntawm ntau qhov chaw los daws cov teeb meem nyuaj.
Kev nug-raws li: PBL txhawb kom cov tub ntxhais kawm nug cov lus nug, tshawb fawb, thiab nrhiav kev daws teeb meem ntawm nws tus kheej. Qhov no txhawb kev xav paub thiab nkag siab tob txog cov ntsiab lus.
Kev Koom Tes: Cov tub ntxhais kawm feem ntau koom tes nrog lawv cov phooj ywg, faib cov dej num, sib qhia lub luag haujlwm, thiab kawm ua haujlwm zoo hauv pab pawg.
Kev xav txog Critical: PBL xav kom cov tub ntxhais kawm los tshuaj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv, txiav txim siab, thiab daws teeb meem. Lawv kawm los soj ntsuam thiab sib txuas cov ntaub ntawv kom tuaj txog ntawm cov kev daws teeb meem.
Kev Sib Txuas Lus: Cov tub ntxhais kawm feem ntau nthuav qhia lawv cov haujlwm rau cov phooj ywg, cov kws qhia ntawv, lossis cov neeg tuaj saib ntau dua. Qhov no pab txhim kho kev sib txuas lus thiab kev nthuav qhia.
Txiag: Thaum kawg ntawm qhov project, cov tub ntxhais kawm xav txog lawv txoj kev kawm, txheeb xyuas qhov lawv tau kawm, dab tsi mus zoo, thiab dab tsi tuaj yeem txhim kho rau cov haujlwm yav tom ntej.
Cov ntaub ntawv kawm tiav ntawm kev kawm raws li qhov project?
Ib qho ntawm cov ntaub ntawv kawm tau zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev kawm raws li qhov project (PBL) yog High Tech High network ntawm cov tsev kawm ntawv hauv San Diego, California. Tsim los ntawm Larry Rosenstock hauv 2000, High Tech High tau dhau los ua tus qauv nrov rau kev siv PBL. Cov tsev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv lub network no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov tub ntxhais kawm-tsav, cov haujlwm sib koom tes uas daws teeb meem hauv ntiaj teb tiag. High Tech High tsis tu ncua ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig kev kawm zoo, nrog cov tub ntxhais kawm ua tau zoo hauv cov qauv kev xeem thiab tau txais cov txuj ci tseem ceeb hauv kev xav, kev sib koom tes, thiab kev sib txuas lus. Nws txoj kev vam meej tau tshoov siab ntau lwm lub tsev kawm ntawv los txais yuav PBL txoj hauv kev thiab hais txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov tseeb, qhov kev kawm raws li kev kawm.
