Kukambilana sikukhudza kuphwanya mdani wanu; ndi za kupeza njira kuti mbali zonse zikule bwino. Lowani kukambirana kophatikizana - njira yomwe ikufuna kukulitsa chitumbuwa m'malo mochigawa.
mu izi blog positi, tidzathetsa kukambirana kophatikizana, kufufuza ubwino wake, kupereka zitsanzo zenizeni, kusiyanitsa ndi njira yogawa, ndikukukonzekeretsani ndi njira ndi njira kuti mukhale katswiri wokambirana.
Kodi mwakonzeka kusintha masewera anu okambilana? Tiyeni tiyambe!
M'ndandanda wazopezekamo
- Kodi Integrative Negotiation Ndi Chiyani?
- Distributive vs. Integrative Negotiation
- 5 Ubwino Wokambirana Zophatikizana
- Zitsanzo Zophatikizana Zokambirana
- Njira ndi Njira Zokambirana Zophatikizana
- Zitengera Zapadera
- FAQs
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Kodi Integrative Negotiation Ndi Chiyani?
Kukambitsirana kophatikizana, komwe nthawi zambiri kumatchedwa "kupambana-kupambana" kukambirana, ndi njira yothetsera mikangano kapena kukwaniritsa mapangano omwe cholinga chake ndi kupanga phindu ndikuwonjezera phindu kwa onse okhudzidwa.
Distributive vs. Integrative Negotiation
Distributive negotiation, kapena distributive bargaining, imadziwika ndi malingaliro opikisana, okhazikika, pomwe phindu la gulu limodzi limawonedwa ngati kutayika kwa mnzake. Komabe, kukambirana kophatikizana ndi njira yogwirizana, yozikidwa pa chidwi. Zili ngati kugwirira ntchito limodzi kupanga chitumbuwa chachikulu kuti aliyense athe kupeza zambiri.
Kusankha pakati pa njira ziwirizi kumadalira pazochitika zenizeni za zokambirana ndi zolinga za maphwando okhudzidwa.
5 Ubwino Wokambirana Zophatikizana
Kukambitsirana kophatikizana kumapereka maubwino angapo omwe amapangitsa kukhala njira yabwinoko nthawi zambiri:
- Aliyense Apambana: Kukambitsirana kophatikizana kumayang'ana pakupanga mayankho omwe amapindulitsa onse okhudzidwa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti aliyense atha kuchoka pazokambirana akumva ngati wapindulapo kanthu, zomwe zimatsogolera kukhutitsidwa ndi chidwi.
- Imalimbitsa Maubale: Pogogomezera mgwirizano ndi kulankhulana momasuka, kukambirana kophatikizana kumathandiza kusunga kapena kulimbitsa ubale pakati pa magulu. Izi ndi zofunika makamaka pamene zokambirana zikuphatikizapo zochitika zopitirira kapena zamtsogolo.
- Imakulitsa Mtengo: Kukambitsirana kophatikizana kumafuna kukulitsa "pie" yazinthu zomwe zilipo kapena zosankha. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mbali zonse ziwiri zimatha kupindula zambiri palimodzi kuposa momwe zingathere kupyolera mu zokambirana zogawa, pamene zothandizira zimawonedwa ngati zokhazikika.
- Ubwino Wanthawi Yaitali: Chifukwa zimapanga kukhulupirirana ndi kukomerana mtima, kukambirana kophatikizana kungayambitse mapangano a nthawi yayitali ndi maubwenzi. Izi ndi zofunika pamene maphwando akufuna kukhalabe ndi ubale wabwino kuposa zomwe zikuchitika panopa.
- Kukhutitsidwa Kwambiri: Pazonse, kukambirana kophatikizana kumapangitsa kuti pakhale kukhutitsidwa kwakukulu kwa onse omwe akukhudzidwa. Pamene aliyense aona kuti zokonda zake zaganiziridwa ndi kulemekezedwa, amakhala okhutira ndi zotsatira zake.
Zitsanzo Zophatikizana Zokambirana
Nazi Zitsanzo Zokambirana Zophatikizana:
- Abale awiri akukangana chifukwa cha nyumba imene anatengera kwa wachibale wawo amene anamwalira. Angavomereze kugulitsa nyumbayo ndi kugawana ndalamazo, kapena angavomereze kuti m’bale wina amene amakhala m’nyumbamo ndi m’bale winayo alandire gawo lalikulu la ndalamazo.
- Mgwirizano womwe ukukambirana za mgwirizano ndi kampani. Mgwirizanowu ukhoza kuvomera kuti malipiro aziyimitsidwa kuti kampaniyo ivomereze kubwereka antchito ambiri kapena kupereka zopindulitsa.
- Mayiko awiri omwe akukambirana za mgwirizano wamalonda. Atha kuvomereza kutsitsa mitengo pazachuma za wina ndi mnzake pogwirizana kuti atsegule misika yawo kubizinesi ya wina ndi mnzake.
- Anzake awiri omwe akukonzekera tchuthi limodzi. Akhoza kuvomera kupita kumalo amene angawathandize onse aŵiri, ngakhale ngati sichoyamba kusankha.
- Wogwira ntchito akuvutika kulinganiza ntchito ndi moyo wake. Kupyolera m’kukambitsirana kophatikizana ndi woyang’anira wawo, amapanga ndandanda yokhoza kusintha imene imawalola kukwaniritsa zosoŵa za banja lawo pamene akukwaniritsabe mathayo awo a ntchito, kudzetsa chikhutiro chowonjezereka cha ntchito ndi zotulukapo.
M'zitsanzo zonsezi, maphwando omwe adakhudzidwawo adatha kupeza njira yothetsera zosowa zawo ndi zofuna zawo. Ichi ndi cholinga cha zokambirana zophatikizana.
Njira ndi Njira Zokambirana Zophatikizana
Kukambitsirana kophatikizana kumaphatikizapo njira ndi njira zopangira phindu, kumanga ubale, ndi kupeza mayankho opindulitsa onse. Nazi njira zazikuluzikulu ndi njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pokambirana:
1/ Dziwani ndi Kumvetsetsa Zokonda:
- Njira: Yambani ndi kuzindikira zokonda, zosowa, ndi zofunika za onse okhudzidwa.
- Njira: Funsani mafunso omasuka, mvetserani, ndi kufufuza kuti mudziwe zomwe zili zofunika kwa gulu lirilonse. Mvetserani zolimbikitsa zawo komanso nkhawa zawo.
2/ Maganizo Ogwirizana:
- Njira: Yandikirani zokambiranazo ndi malingaliro ogwirizana komanso opambana.
- Njira: Tsindikani ubwino wogwirira ntchito limodzi ndi kumanga ubale wabwino. Onetsani kufunitsitsa kufufuza mayankho omwe amakwaniritsa mbali zonse.
3/ Wonjezerani Chitumbuwa:
- Njira: Fufuzani mipata yopangira phindu lowonjezera ndikukulitsa zomwe zilipo.
- Njira: Ganizirani njira zopangira zomwe zimapitilira zodziwikiratu ndikuganizira zosankha zomwe zimapindulitsa aliyense. Ganizirani kunja kwa bokosi.
4/ Kugulitsa ndi Kuloledwa:
- Njira: Khalani okonzeka kuvomereza ngati kuli kofunikira kuti mukwaniritse mgwirizano woyenerera.
- Njira: Ikani patsogolo zokonda zanu ndikuwona kuti ndi mbali ziti za zokambirana zomwe zingasinthe kwambiri kwa inu. Perekani malonda omwe angagwirizane ndi zofuna za gulu lina.
5/ Njira Yothetsera Mavuto:
- Njira: Chitani zokambiranazo ngati njira yothetsera mavuto.
- Njira: Gwirizanani kuti mupange njira zothetsera mavuto, ganizirani zabwino ndi zoyipa za aliyense, ndipo gwirani ntchito limodzi kuti muwayese kuti akhale ogwirizana.
6/ Tsimikizirani Malo Ogwirizana:
- Njira: Onetsani zokonda zogawana ndi zolinga zofanana.
- Njira: Gwiritsani ntchito chilankhulo chomwe chimatsindika za mgwirizano ndikuvomereza kuti onse awiri ali ndi zolinga zofanana kapena nkhawa.
7/ Kuwonekera ndi Kugawana Zambiri:
- Njira: Muzilankhulana momasuka.
- Njira: Gawani mfundo zofunika moona mtima ndipo limbikitsani enawo kuchita chimodzimodzi. Kuchita zinthu moonekera bwino kumalimbitsa chikhulupiriro komanso kumathandizira kuthetsa mavuto.
8/ Pangani Zosankha:
- Njira: Pangani zosankha zosiyanasiyana kuti mupindule.
- Njira: Limbikitsani kukambirana, khalani omasuka ku malingaliro atsopano, ndikuyang'ana zokonda zosiyanasiyana kuti mupeze mayankho ogwirizana ndi zolinga za onse awiri.
9/ Pangani Ndondomeko Yobwereranso:
- Njira: Yang'anirani zopinga ndi zovuta zomwe zingachitike.
- Njira: Konzani mapulani angozi omwe amafotokoza njira zina zothanirana ndi vuto ngati pali zovuta zina pakukambirana. Kukonzekera kumawonjezera kusinthasintha.
10. Yang'anani pa Maubwenzi Anthawi Yaitali:
- Njira: Ganizirani zotsatira za zokambirana pazochitika zamtsogolo.
- Njira: Pangani zisankho ndi mapangano omwe amalimbikitsa mgwirizano wopitilira ndi maubwenzi abwino kuposa kukambirana komwe kulipo.
11/ Khalani Oleza Mtima Ndiponso Olimba Mtima:
- Njira: Khalani oleza mtima ndi olimbikira kupeza mayankho opindulitsa onse.
- Njira: Pewani kuchita zinthu mopupuluma, ndipo konzekerani zolepheretsa. Khalani ndi maganizo abwino ndikuyang'ana pa cholinga cha nthawi yaitali chokwaniritsa mgwirizano womwe umapindulitsa mbali zonse.
Njira ndi njirazi sizogwirizana ndipo zikhoza kusinthidwa kuti zigwirizane ndi zochitika zenizeni za zokambirana zilizonse. Kukambitsirana kophatikizana kumafuna kusinthasintha, kukhazikika, komanso kudzipereka kuti tigwire ntchito limodzi kuti tipeze zotsatira zopambana.
Zitengera Zapadera
Kukambitsirana kophatikizana ndi njira yofunikira yomwe imalimbikitsa mgwirizano, imakulitsa mipata, ndipo ikufuna kupanga mayankho opindulitsa onse.
Kupititsa patsogolo luso lanu lokambilana ndikupereka bwino mfundo zakukambirana kophatikizana, AhaSlides ndi chida champhamvu chowonetsera ndi kuphunzitsa. AhaSlides kumakupatsani mwayi wopanga makanema opatsa chidwi komanso opatsa chidwi, kupangitsa kuti ophunzira athe kumvetsetsa malingaliro ndi njira zokambilana. Kupyolera mu mafunso okhudzana, zisankho, ndi zothandizira zowoneka m'mabuku athu zidindo, mutha kuthandizira kumvetsetsa mwakuya njira zokambilana ndi machenjerero, kuwonetsetsa kuti onse okhudzidwa atha kukhala odziwa bwino kukambirana.
Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri
Kodi zitsanzo za zokambirana zophatikizana ndi ziti?
Anzanu awiri akugawana pizza ndikusankha toppings; Ogwira nawo bizinesi akugwirizana pa maudindo ndi maudindo mu ntchito yatsopano; Ogwira ntchito ndi oyang'anira akukambirana ndondomeko yosinthika ya ogwira ntchito.
Ndi mikhalidwe itatu yotani ya kukambirana kophatikizana?
Yang'anani pa Zokonda: Maphwando amaika patsogolo kumvetsetsa zosowa za wina ndi mnzake. Mgwirizano: Maphwando amagwirira ntchito limodzi kupanga phindu ndikupeza mayankho opindulitsa onse. Wonjezerani Pie: Cholinga chake ndi kukulitsa zinthu zomwe zilipo kapena zosankha, osati kungogawa zomwe zilipo kale.
Ndi chitsanzo chanji cha kukambirana kophatikizana?
Makampani awiri amakambirana mgwirizano waubwenzi womwe umagwirizanitsa chuma chawo kuti apange ndi kugulitsa mankhwala atsopano, kupindulitsa onse awiri.
Ref: The Program on Negotiation ku Harvard Law School | Zida Zamalingaliro
