M'dziko losinthika lazamalonda, kukambirana kuli ponseponse komanso ndikofunikira. Kaya ndikupeza mapangano abwino, kuthetsa mikangano, kapena kulimbikitsa mgwirizano, kukambirana ndiye njira yopitira patsogolo.
Kukambirana kumathandizira mabizinesi kuthana ndi zovuta zovuta, kupeza mwayi, ndikupanga zochitika zopambana.
Komabe, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mikangano ingafune kukhazikitsidwa kwa mitundu ina ya zokambirana. Kotero, ndi mitundu yotani ya zokambirana mu bungwe?
M'nkhaniyi, tikufuna kuwunikira 10 zosiyanasiyana mitundu ya njira zokambilana ndi mfundo zawo zazikulu kuti mudziwe zoyenera kuchita ndi zomwe gulu lanu likuchita.
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Kodi Kukambirana ndi Zofunika Zake Chiyani?
Kukambitsirana ndi njira yosinthika komanso yolumikizana yomwe imatanthawuza magulu awiri kapena kuposerapo omwe akukambirana ndikukambirana kuti akwaniritse mgwirizano kapena chigamulo chogwirizana.
Ndi zabwino zambiri, kukambirana kumathandizira mabizinesi kuti:
- Pangani mgwirizano wamphamvu
- Yesetsani kukula ndi luso
- Pezani zotsatsa zabwino kwambiri
- Konzani mikangano
- Limbikitsani mgwirizano
Mitundu 10 ya Kukambitsirana ndi zitsanzo ndi ziti?
Ndi nthawi yoti mumvetse mozama za njira zosiyanasiyana zokambilana. Mtundu uliwonse umabwera ndi mfundo zazikuluzikulu ndi zitsanzo za nthawi yoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito.
#1. Distributive Negotiation
Kukambitsirana kwa mitundu yogawa, kapena kukambitsirana kopambana, ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yodziwika bwino yamakambirano pomwe okhudzidwawo amayang'ana kwambiri kugawana gawo lalikulu lazinthu zomwe zilipo kapena kukwaniritsa zolinga zawozawo.
Amadziwika ndi malingaliro opikisana kwambiri, mkati mwa njira yokambilana, kukambirana kwa "fixed-pie", kapena Zero-Sum Game kutanthauza kupindula kulikonse ndi gulu limodzi kumabweretsa kutayika kofananira kwa gulu lina.
Mwachitsanzo, mitundu yamakambirano monga kalembedwe kagawidwe kagawo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito mwanzeru nthawi zina, monga kukambirana pamitengo, kugulitsa malonda, kapena pakakhala zoperewera.
#2. Integrative Negotiation
Imodzi mwa mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya zokambirana, Integrative negotiation, yomwe imatchedwanso ogwilizana kapena njira zokambilana zamalonda zopambana, ndizosemphana ndi zokambirana za Distributive. Kalembedwe kameneka kakutsatira njira yogwirizanirana yomwe imayang'ana kwambiri kupeza mayankho opindulitsa komanso kukulitsa phindu lonse lamagulu onse okhudzidwa. Cholinga chake ndi kupanga zotulukapo zomwe mbali zonse zitha kukwaniritsa zolinga zawo ndikuthana ndi zokonda zawo.
Mwachitsanzo, mitundu yophatikizika yamakambirano imakhala yogwira mtima pochita maubwenzi anthawi yayitali kapena kuyembekezera kuyanjana kwamtsogolo pakati pamagulu ambiri, monga mabizinesi, maubwenzi amalonda ndi makasitomala, kapena maubwenzi abwana ndi antchito.
#3. Kupewa Kukambitsirana
Kupewa zokambirana, zomwe zimadziwikanso kuti njira yopewera, ndi mitundu ya njira zokambilana pomwe m'modzi kapena onse awiri amasankha kupeŵa kapena kuchedwetsa kukambirana palimodzi. M’malo moyesetsa kufunafuna chigamulo kapena kukwaniritsa mgwirizano, mbali zonse zingasankhe kunyalanyaza nkhaniyo, kuimitsa zokambiranazo, kapena kupeza njira zina zothetsera vutolo.
Mwachitsanzo, ngati maphwando akuwona kuti sanakonzekere, alibe chidziwitso chokwanira, kapena akufuna nthawi yochulukirapo kuti asonkhanitse deta ndikuwunika momwe zinthu zilili, njira zopewera zokambirana zitha kukhala njira yakanthawi yololeza kukonzekera kokwanira.
#4. Kukambirana kwamagulu ambiri
Kukambitsirana kwa zipani zambiri kumatanthauza kukambirana komwe kumakhudza mbali zitatu kapena kuposerapo kuti akwaniritse mgwirizano kapena kuthetsa nkhani yovuta. Mosiyana ndi zokambirana zamagulu awiri, pomwe mabungwe awiri amalumikizana mwachindunji, zokambirana zamagulu ambiri zimafunikira kuyang'anira zochitika, zokonda, ndi kuyanjana pakati pa okhudzidwa angapo.
Kukambitsirana kwamagulu angapo kutha kupezeka m'malo osiyanasiyana, monga diplomacy zapadziko lonse lapansi, mgwirizano wamabizinesi, kukonza mapulani ammudzi, kapena kupanga zisankho zaboma.
#5. Kunyengerera Negotiation
Kunyengerera ndi mtundu wa zokambirana zomwe zimatsata njira yapakati pomwe onse awiri amayesa kusiya mbali zina za zomwe akufuna kuti akwaniritse mgwirizano wonse. Zimasonyeza kufunitsitsa kwa gulu lirilonse kupeza zomwe amagwirizana ndikukwaniritsa zokonda za mzake,
Kukambitsirana konyengerera kumagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pamene kusunga maubwenzi, kukwaniritsa chigamulo chapanthawi yake, kapena kugwirizana koyenera kumaonedwa kuti n'kofunika.
#6. Kulandila / Kuvomereza Kukambirana
Okambirana akamaika patsogolo kulimbitsa mgwirizano pakati pa omwe akukambitsirana uku akuchepetsa mikangano, akupanga njira yolumikizirana. Mfundo yaikulu ya kalembedwe kameneka ndikuyang'ana pa zofuna ndi zosowa za gulu lina pazake.
Mitundu yamakambirano imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pamabizinesi anthawi yayitali, mgwirizano wamaluso, kapena mgwirizano.
#7. Mfundo Zokambirana
Pakati pa mitundu yambiri yamakambirano, kukambirana kokhazikika, komwe kumatchedwanso kukambirana molingana ndi chidwi kapena njira zomwe zikuyenera kuchitika, zomwe zimayang'ana kuzindikira ndi kuthana ndi zofuna ndi zosowa za omwe akukhudzidwa. Idapangidwa ndi Roger Fisher ndi William Ury m'buku lawo "Getting to Yes."
Zinthu zinayi zakukambirana koyenera panthawi yonse yokambilana ndi monga:
- kuganizira zokonda osati maudindo
- kupanga zosankha zingapo
- awunikeni mogwirizana ndi zolinga
- sungani kulankhulana kogwira mtima
Nthawi zina, mitundu yokhazikika yazitsanzo zamakambirano pantchito monga kukambirana mapangano, mayanjano, kapena kuthetsa mikangano yapantchito.
#8. Kukambitsirana kwamphamvu
Zofanana kwambiri ndi kalembedwe kakugawa, kuphatikiza kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndi chikoka kuti apange zotsatira zokambilana, zotchedwa Power-based negotiation.
Maphwando m'makambirano ozikidwa pa mphamvu nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi kaimidwe kokhazikika komanso kolamulira. Amayang'ana kuwongolera zochitika zokambilana ndipo atha kugwiritsa ntchito njira zopangira zofuna, kukhazikitsa ziganizo, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito njira zokakamiza kuti apindule.
Nthawi zina, phwando lingagwiritse ntchito njira yolankhulirana yozikidwa pa mphamvu ngati udindo wawo kapena udindo wawo ukhoza kukhala ndi chikoka champhamvu pa gulu lina.
#9. Team Negotiation
Zokambirana zamagulu ndizofala ndi mabizinesi akuluakulu. M'mitundu ya zokambirana, mamembala angapo omwe akuyimira zofuna zofanana amakambirana pamodzi ndi ena omwe akukhudzidwa. Zingaphatikizepo kumvana pa nkhani zofunika kwambiri, kudziwa njira zokambilana, kapena kuunikila mapangano amene akufunidwa.
Mikhalidwe yomwe ingafunike kukambirana kwamagulu monga mabizinesi, zokambirana zantchito, kapena mgwirizano wamagulu.
#10. Kukambirana Mwamtima
Kukambitsirana kwamtima kumayamba ndikuzindikira ndikumvetsetsa malingaliro anu komanso malingaliro a gulu lina. Izi zimaphatikizapo kudziwa momwe kutengeka kungakhudzire kupanga zisankho ndi zokambirana.
Pakukambitsirana kwamalingaliro, okambirana nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito nthano, kugwiritsa ntchito nthano zaumwini, kapena zokopa ngati njira zokopa ndi zokopa zamalingaliro kuti zikhudze winayo. kupanga zisankho.
Kodi kukhazikitsa kukambirana kothandiza?
Kukambitsirana sikuli kofanana ndi njira imodzi ndipo kumasiyana malinga ndi momwe zinthu zilili, chikhalidwe, ndi chikhalidwe cha magulu omwe akukhudzidwa. Kukambitsirana kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana kumabweretsa zotulukapo zosiyana. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito kaphatikizidwe kazokambirana pazokambirana kuti mupeze mapangano abwino kwambiri. Dziwani malamulo 5 awa pakukambirana ngati katswiri:
- Kuyang'ana njira yabwino kwambiri yolumikizirana (BATNA), yomwe ndi njira yomwe mungatenge ngati palibe mgwirizano womwe wapezeka.
- Kuphatikizira kugulitsana ndi kugulitsana, kuwonetsetsa kuti maphwando apanga zololeza kapena kusinthana kuti akwaniritse mgwirizano.
- Gwiritsani ntchito anchoring kuti muyambe kukambirana ndi zofunikira kwambiri. Ndipo fotokozani momveka zokonda zanu ndi zolinga zanu ndi phindu lanu pogwiritsa ntchito mwakhama mafunso otseguka.
- Fufuzani zotsatira zopambana pomwe onse awiri akuwona kuti zokonda zawo zayankhidwa ndikukhutitsidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale nthawi yayitali. Mgwirizano.
- Pitirizani ndi luso lamphamvu loyankhulana pokonzekera zambiri maphunziro ndi ndemanga magawo. Atha kuthandiza ogwira ntchito kuti azikhala osinthika panjira zokambilana zaposachedwa, njira, ndi kafukufuku.
Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri
Kodi mitundu 2 ya zokambirana ndi iti?
Mwachidule, zokambirana zitha kugawidwa m'mitundu iwiri yosiyana monga zokambirana zogawa ndi zokambirana zophatikizana. Ndi njira zotsutsana zokambilana monga zokambirana zogawirana zimayang'ana kwambiri pamasewera a zero-sum pomwe zokambirana zophatikizana zikufuna kukwaniritsa mgwirizano wopambana.
Kodi kukambirana kolimba ndi zofewa ndi chiyani?
Kukambitsirana movutikira kumayang'ana pakuchita mpikisano, kufunafuna kukulitsa phindu lamunthu payekha. Pakadali pano, kukambirana mofewa kumatsindika kusunga maubwenzi ndikukwaniritsa zosowa za ena.
Kodi njira zabwino zoyankhulirana ndi ziti?
Palibe njira yabwino yolankhulirana, chifukwa zimatengera zomwe zikuchitika komanso zolinga za zokambiranazo. Komabe, masitayelo monga kukambitsirana koyenera, kukambirana kophatikizana, ndi kukambirana kothandizana nthawi zambiri amaonedwa kuti n’kothandiza pokwaniritsa zopindulitsa zonse ndi kusunga maubwenzi abwino.
Kodi magawo 6 a zokambirana ndi ati?
Magawo 6 a zokambirana ndi awa:
(1) Kukonzekera: Kusonkhanitsa zambiri, kufotokoza zolinga, ndi kukonza njira yokambilana
(2) Tanthauzo la malamulo oyambira: Kukhazikitsa ubale, kukhulupirirana, ndi kulankhulana momasuka ndi mbali inayo ndi malamulo oyambira.
(3) Kukambitsirana momasuka: Kugawana mfundo zoyenera, kukambirana zokonda, ndi kulongosola malo
(4) Kukambitsirana: Kupereka ndi kulandira, kupanga malingaliro, ndi kufuna kuvomereza kuti mukwaniritse mgwirizano wokhutiritsa.
(5) Mgwirizano Wapawiri: Kumaliza ziganizo ndi tsatanetsatane wa mgwirizano, kuthana ndi nkhawa zilizonse zotsalira kapena zotsutsa
(6) Kukwanilitsa: Kuchitapo kanthu kuti akwaniritse ndi kukwaniritsa zomwe mwagwirizana, kuyang'anira kutsatiridwa, ndi kusunga ubale wabwino pambuyo pa zokambirana.
pansi Line
Ponseponse, kukambirana ndi njira yofunikira yomwe imalola maphwando kupeza mfundo zofanana, kuthetsa mikangano, ndikupeza zopindulitsa zonse. Ndikoyenera kuti mabungwe akhazikitse ndalama pophunzitsa maluso okambilana ndikuwunika antchito kuti apititse patsogolo luso loyankhulana.
Ngati mukuyang'ana njira zatsopano zosinthira luso la ogwira ntchito anu, musaiwale kupanga msonkhano wophunzitsira wochititsa chidwi komanso wolumikizana nawo. Chidwi. Timakupatsirani chida chabwino kwambiri komanso chaulere chowonetsera chokhala ndi zofunikira zonse komanso zapamwamba za mafunso amoyo, mavoti, ma spinner wheels ndi zina.
Ref: Poyeneradi | Globis Insights | Nkhani ya Strategy
