.webp)
Machitidwe ovuta β kuyambira kulumikizana kwa ma cell ku njira zogwirira ntchito zosungira deta β nthawi zambiri zimawavuta ophunzira akamalankhula.
β
Mu phunziro la 2016 lofalitsidwa mkati Kafukufuku Wachidziwitso: Mfundo Zazikulu ndi Zotsatira zake, Eliza Bobek ndi Barbara Tversky zasonyeza kuti kupanga kufotokozera kooneka zimathandiza ophunzira kukonza ndi kumvetsetsa bwino mfundo zovuta kuposa mawu okha.
β
Zomwe apeza zikusonyeza mfundo yaikulu yokhudza momwe anthu amaphunzirira: ubongo wathu sumangophunzira zinthu zokha akumva chidziwitso β iwo onani Kaya mukuphunzira akatswiri azachipatala, othandizira inshuwaransikapena magulu amakampani, zithunzi zimalumikiza kusiyana pakati pa mfundo zosamveka bwino ndi kumvetsetsa kwenikweni.
β
Tiyeni tifufuze chifukwa chake zithunzi zimakhudza kwambiri kukumbukira ndi kumvetsetsa - komanso momwe ophunzitsa angagwiritsire ntchito nzeru izi popanga magawo omwe amamatiradi.
β
π§ Sayansi yomwe imayang'anira kuphunzira ndi kukumbukira zinthu pogwiritsa ntchito maso ndi maso
β
Ngati munayamba mwavutika kufotokoza nkhani yovuta ndipo mwapeza kuti chithunzi chabwino chinapangitsa kuti chilichonse chikhale "chosavuta," pali sayansi kumbuyo kwa nthawiyo. Zithunzi zimagwira ntchito chifukwa zimagwira ntchito momwe ubongo wa munthu umagwirira ntchito mwachibadwa.
β
1. Kulemba ma code awiri: kuyambitsa njira ziwiri zophunzirira
β
Katswiri wa zamaganizo Allan Paivio adapempha Chiphunzitso cha Kulemba Ma Coding Awiri (1991), zomwe zikusonyeza kuti anthu amamvetsetsa ndikukumbukira bwino pamene chidziwitso chalembedwa m'mafayilo onse awiri mawu ndi zithunzi mitundu.
β
β
Pamene ophunzitsa akulankhula ndi kuwonetsa zithunzi pamodzi β monga chithunzi, mapu a njira, kapena slide yolumikizirana β ophunzira amapanga njira ziwiri zamaganizo zokumbukira chidziwitsocho pambuyo pake.
β
𧩠Zothandiza: M'malo mowerenga kuchokera ku masilaidi anu, gwiritsani ntchito zithunzi kuti kuthandizira Zimene ukunena, osati kuzibwerezabwereza.
β
β
2. Chifukwa chiyani zithunzi zimagwira ntchito bwino kuposa zolemba: kuchepetsa kudzaza, kukumbukira kwambiri
β
Katswiri wamaphunziro a zamaganizo Richard Mayer ndi katswiri wa zamaganizo Lionel Akuyimirira onse awiri afika pa choonadi chofanana kudzera m'magalasi osiyanasiyana: zithunzi zimamatira chifukwa zimakhala zosavuta kuzikonza komanso zovuta kuziiwala.
β
Mayer's Chiphunzitso cha Kuzindikira cha Kuphunzira kwa Multimedia (2009) akufotokoza kuti anthu amaphunzira bwino kwambiri pamene zithunzi ndi mawu zikugwira ntchito limodzi β osati kupikisana β chifukwa kukumbukira kwathu kogwira ntchito kungathe kugwira ntchito ndi chidziwitso chochepa nthawi imodzi. Pakadali pano, Woyimirira (1973) chithunzi cha kupambana zatsimikizira kuti anthu amakumbukira zithunzi modalirika kwambiri kuposa mawu. Kuphatikiza apo, zomwe apeza zikusonyeza chifukwa chake zithunzi zophunzitsira bwino ziyenera kukhala zomveka bwino, zolinga, komanso zosaiwalika.
β
π Chitsanzo: M'malo molemba mtundu uliwonse wa mfundo pa slide yodzaza ndi mawu, gwiritsani ntchito a tchati choyerekeza chowoneka β nthawi yomweyo imalankhulana maubwenzi ndi kusiyana popanda kudzaza kukumbukira kwa ophunzira.
β
π¨ Kuchokera pa chidziwitso kupita ku chidziwitso: momwe mungaphunzitsire zithunzi
β
Mukamvetsa chifukwa chake zithunzi zimagwira ntchito, vuto lotsatira ndi kuzigwiritsa ntchito mwadala.
Zithunzi zabwino sizimangokongoletsa masilaidi okha β zimakongoletsa kuganiza motsogolera, kuthandiza ophunzira kuona ubale, machitidwe, ndi tanthauzo. Kaya mukuphunzitsa za kapangidwe ka thupi kapena kufotokoza njira ya inshuwaransi, kuphunzitsa kowoneka kumatsatira mfundo zitatu zazikulu: kapangidwe, nkhani, ndi kuphweka.
β
1. Kapangidwe: sinthani chisokonezo kukhala mapangidwe
β
Ubongo wathu umafuna dongosolo. Pamene chidziwitso sichili bwino β mndandanda wautali, zolemba zambiri, zitsanzo zobalalika β ophunzira ayenera kumanga dongosolo lawo la maganizo, lomwe limagwiritsa ntchito kukumbukira kogwira ntchito. Kapangidwe ka zithunzi kamawathandiza.
β
𧩠Yesani izi:
- Sinthani mndandanda wa zidule ndi ma diagram omwe gulu, yerekezerani, kapena lumikizanani.
- ntchito malowa kusonyeza mfundo za njira (monga mitengo ya zisankho, chifukwa-zotsatira).
- Ikani kudula mawonekedwe β chepetsani masilayidi ku lingaliro limodzi lalikulu, ndi zizindikiro kapena mivi yothandizira kusonyeza kutsatana.
π‘ Tip: Mukangotha ββkufotokoza zomwe zili mkati mwanu ngati "masitepe," "magulu," kapena "maubwenzi," ndiye kuti mutha kuwona zomwe zili mkati mwanu.
β
Koma bwanji osasiya pamenepo? Aphunzitsi amatha kusintha kumveka bwino kumeneku kukhala kuphunzira mwakhama.
β
π‘ AhaSlides ikugwira ntchito: ganizirani ndi kulimbitsa ndi kuyanjana
β
Yesani kugwiritsa ntchito Chiwonetsero cha mafunso a "Correct Order" (kapena njira iliyonse yolumikizirana) kuti musinthe njira yolunjika kukhala vuto lowoneka bwino.
β
M'malo mowerenga mfundo zazikulu, ophunzira amakoka ndikugwetsa masitepe motsatira dongosolo loyenera - kukhudza onse awiri. zithunzi ndi mawu machitidwe oganizira.
β
Chitsanzo:
funso: Kodi ndondomeko yolondola yokonzekera pempho la inshuwaransi ndi iti?
β
Zosankha (zosinthidwa):
- Tsimikizani tsatanetsatane wa zomwe mukufuna
- Landirani fomu yopempha
- Unikani kutsimikizika kwa zomwe akunena
- Vomerezani kapena kukana zomwe mwanena
- Dziwitsani kasitomala za zotsatira zake
β
Mndandanda wowunikira kuti muwone mosavuta
β
Pamene ophunzira akupereka mayankho awo, nthawi yomweyo amawona dongosolo lolondola lomwe likuoneka pazenera - chiwonetsero cha kuwonekera kwa ma code awiri ndi luso la kuzindikira lomwe likugwira ntchito.
β
π― Zomwe zimagwira:
- Amasintha chidziwitso chosasinthika kukhala njira yolumikizirana yomwe ophunzira angathe onani ndi kuchita.
- Amachepetsa katundu wamaganizo mwa kudula masitepe mowoneka.
- Zimalimbitsa kukumbukira kudzera mu chithunzi cha kupambana β ophunzira amakumbukira kayendedwe ka zinthu ngati chithunzi cha m'maganizo, osati mndandanda wokha.
β
π¬ Ovomereza nsonga: Tsatirani mafunso ndi tchati chosavuta cha kayendedwe ka madzi pa slide yotsatira kuti muwonjezere mawonekedwe a ntchitoyi. Kuyanjana pamodzi ndi kapangidwe kake = kusunga nthawi yayitali.
β
2. Nkhani: gwiritsani ntchito zithunzi kuti muwulule chifukwa ndi zotsatira zake
β
Kusimba nkhani mu maphunziro si nkhani yongopeka β ndi nkhani ndondomeko ndi cholingaChithunzi chilichonse chiyenera kusuntha wophunzira kuchoka pa:
β
Kodi chikuchitika ndi chiyani? β Nβchifukwa chiyani zili zofunika? β Kodi chiyenera kuchitidwa mosiyana ndi chiyani?
β
Njira imodzi yosavuta yogwiritsira ntchito izi mu maphunziro a unamwino ndi azachipatala ndi kudzera mu makanema afupiafupi ophatikizidwa ndi kusanthula kotsogozedwa.
β
π¬ Chitsanzo:
Sewerani kanema wachidule wosonyeza momwe wodwala akugwirira ntchito kapena momwe akuchitidwira (mwachitsanzo, kuchokera ku nsanja zophunzitsira monga Osmosis or NurseLabs).
β
Mukamaliza kuonera, funsani ophunzira kuti:
- Dziwani chomwe chinalakwika kapena chomwe chinachitidwa bwino.
- Kambiranani za mphindi zazikulu zochitira zisankho mu chochitikacho.
- Pangani ntchito yowonera kapena mndandanda wotsatira zomwe zimafotokoza njira yoyenera yachipatala.
β
izi yang'anani β santhulani β ganizirani Kutsatira njira yowonera zinthu kumasintha kukhala kulingalira kwachipatala kogwira ntchito, kuthandiza ophunzira kukumbukira osati kokha chani kuchita koma chifukwa Gawo lililonse ndi lofunika.
β
3. Kusavuta: chotsani phokoso kuti muwonjezere tanthauzo
β
Chiphunzitso cha katundu wozindikira chimatikumbutsa kuti zambiri si zabwino β Kumveka bwino kumaposa zovutaLiwu lililonse lowonjezera, mtundu, kapena mawonekedwe amawonjezera mphamvu zamaganizo.
β
π Mndandanda wowunikira kuti muwone mosavuta:
- ntchito cholinga chimodzi chowoneka pa slide iliyonse (fotokozani, yerekezani, kapena onetsani kusintha).
- Chepetsani mawu β mawu ofotokozera ayenera kukhala tsogolera chidwi, osabwereza zomwe wanena.
- Sungani mtundu kukhala womveka bwino: gwiritsani ntchito kusiyanitsa kuti muwonetse bwino, osati kukongoletsa.
- Pewani zithunzi zomwe sizikulimbikitsa zolinga za kuphunzira.
β
π§ Kumbukirani: Malo oyera ndi gawo la kapangidwe kake. Amapatsa ubongo malo oti uganizire.
β
β
4. Kusinkhasinkha: thandizani ophunzira kuona momwe akuganizira
β
Kuphunzira kwakukulu kumachitika pamene ophunzira angathe jambulani, mapu, kapena chitsanzo Kuzindikira kwawo. Kuwunikira m'maso kumawonetsa malingaliro akunja - kusandutsa kukumbukira kukhala chidziwitso.
β
ποΈ Malingaliro omwe mungagwiritse ntchito:
- Uzani ophunzira kuti sewero dongosolo kapena njira yochokera mu kukumbukira (sikufunikira luso la zaluso).
- ntchito mapu amalingaliro or zithunzi za malingaliro monga chidule cha zokambirana.
- Limbikitsani kulemba zolemba m'zizindikiro ndi mivi m'malo mwa ziganizo zonse.
β
Kuti mujambule ndikugawana zithunzi zopangidwa ndi ophunzira pamalo amodzi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito lowetsani chithunzi (mwachitsanzo, AhaSlides' Ikani slide) kuti mubweretse bolodi loyera la pa intaneti, chida chojambulira, kapena chikalata chogawana mwachindunji mu gawo lanu β kuti kuganiza kwa aliyense m'maganizo kukhale gawo la zomwe mukuphunzira pompopompo.
β
π‘ Chifukwa chake nkofunika: Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa Fiorella ndi Zhang (2016), ophunzira omwe amapanga mafotokozedwe awoawo owoneka amakumbukira ndi kusamutsa chidziwitso bwino kwambiri kuposa omwe amangowerenga kapena kumvetsera.
β
5. Mafunso okhudza chithunzi: kuphunzitsa diso, osati kukumbukira kokha
β
Zithunzi sizimangothandiza kufotokoza mfundo zokha β komanso ndi zamphamvu kwa kuyesa luso lowonera zinthu zenizeniM'malo mopempha ophunzira kuti akumbukire matanthauzo, mafunso ozikidwa pa zithunzi amapereka chithunzi chowoneka bwino ndikupempha ophunzira kuti aunike zomwe akuwona.
β
π Chitsanzo:
Onetsani chithunzi ndipo funsani kuti:
"Kodi chithunzichi chapangidwa ndi AI kapena chenicheni?"
β
Ophunzira ayambe asankha, kenako alandire ndemanga zotsogozedwa zomwe zikuwonetsa zizindikiro zowoneka bwino - monga kapangidwe ka thupi kosayenera, kuwala kosasinthasintha, kapena kuchuluka kosakhala kwachibadwa (mwachitsanzo, zala zazitali kwambiri kapena malo olakwika a mkono).
β
Funso looneka ndi maso limeneli limathandiza ophunzira kuchita kuzindikira kachitidwe ndi kuwunika mozama β maluso omwe ndi othandiza pa ntchito iliyonse yomwe chidziwitso chowoneka chiyenera kuyesedwa mwachangu komanso molondola.
β
π‘ Zomwe zimagwira:
- Amalimbikitsa kuyang'ana ndi kuzindikira m'malo mokumbukira zomwe zinachitika kale.
- Zimawonetsa kupanga zisankho zenizeni, pomwe mfundo zobisika nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofunika kwambiri kuposa malamulo okumbukiridwa.
- Zimathandiza chidwi ndi kukambirana, zomwe zimathandiza kusunga kukumbukira.
β
β
𧩠Pomaliza: ubwino wowoneka bwino
β
Kwa zaka zambiri, ophunzitsa akhala akugwiritsa ntchito mauthenga ndi nkhani β koma ubongo sunapangidwe kuti uphunzire mwanjira imeneyo.
Kafukufuku wa zamaganizo ndi maphunziro akutsimikizira mfundo yomweyi: pamene anthu onani malingaliro, samangowakumbukira okha β iwo kumvetsa iwo.
β
Zithunzi zimachepetsa phokoso, zimavumbula tanthauzo, ndipo zimathandiza ophunzira kugwirizanitsa zomwe akudziwa ndi zomwe akuphunzira.
β
Kuyambira pa kapangidwe ka thupi mpaka inshuwalansi, kuyambira machitidwe mpaka njira, ubwino wowoneka uli pothandiza anthu kumanga zitsanzo zamaganizo β nkhani zazing'ono zomwe angakumbukire nthawi yayitali gawoli litatha.
β
Mu dziko lodzaza ndi chidziwitso, kufotokozera bwino ndiye chida chanu chachikulu chophunzitsira. Ndipo kufotokozera bwino kumayamba mukasiya kufotokoza - ndikuyamba kuwonetsa.
