Kuwonongeka kwa Ntchito mu Kasamalidwe ka Ntchito | Upangiri Woyamba Mu 2024

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Jane Ng 05 Julayi, 2024 7 kuwerenga

Kuwongolera polojekiti kuli ngati kutsogolera gulu loimba. Gawo lirilonse liyenera kugwirira ntchito limodzi kuti likwaniritse mwaluso. Koma kupangitsa kuti chilichonse chiziyenda bwino ndizovuta kwenikweni ndi zovuta monga magawo osafananiza, zolakwika zikuchitika, komanso mwayi woti chilichonse chiziyenda bwino.

Ndiko kumene Kuwonongeka kwa ntchito mu kayendetsedwe ka polojekiti (WBS) imalowa. Ganizirani ngati ndodo ya kondakitala yomwe imathandiza kuti gawo lililonse la polojekiti ligwire ntchito limodzi bwino.

mu izi blog positi, tilowa mu lingaliro la Kuwonongeka kwa Ntchito mu Kasamalidwe ka projekiti, tikuwona mbali zake zazikulu, kupereka zitsanzo, kufotokoza masitepe opangira imodzi, ndikukambirana zida zomwe zingathandize pakukula kwake.

M'ndandanda wazopezekamo

Malangizo Enanso Ndi AhaSlides

Kodi Kuwonongeka kwa Ntchito mu Ntchito Yoyang'anira Ntchito Ndi Chiyani?

A Work Breakdown Structure in Project Management (WBS) ndi chida chophwanyira pulojekiti kukhala magawo ang'onoang'ono komanso otheka kuwongolera. Izi zimathandiza oyang'anira polojekiti kuti azindikire ntchito zapayekha, zoperekedwa, ndi phukusi lantchito lomwe likufunika kuti amalize ntchitoyi. Imapereka chithunzithunzi chomveka bwino komanso cholongosoka cha zomwe ziyenera kukwaniritsidwa.

WBS ndi chida choyambira mu mayang'aniridwe antchito chifukwa amapereka dongosolo lomveka bwino la zomwe ziyenera kuchitika:

  • Konzani ndi kutanthauzira momwe polojekiti ikuyendera bwino.
  • Konzani zoyerekeza zolondola za nthawi, mtengo, ndi chuma.
  • Perekani ntchito ndi maudindo.
  • Tsatani zomwe zikuchitika ndikuzindikira zoopsa zomwe zingachitike msanga.
  • Limbikitsani kulumikizana ndi mgwirizano mkati mwa gulu la polojekiti.

Makhalidwe Ofunikira Pakuwonongeka Kwa Ntchito Pakuwongolera Ntchito

WBS imayamba ndi pulojekitiyi ngati gawo lapamwamba ndipo pambuyo pake imagawika m'magawo ang'onoang'ono omwe amafotokozera mbali zing'onozing'ono za polojekitiyi. Magawo awa atha kuphatikiza magawo, zomwe zingabweretsedwe, ntchito, ndi ma subtasks, omwe ali ofunikira kuti amalize ntchitoyi. Kuwonongeka kumapitirirabe mpaka polojekitiyo igawidwe m'magulu a ntchito omwe ali ochepa kuti agawidwe ndikuyendetsedwa bwino.

Kodi Ndondomeko Yowonongeka kwa Ntchito Ndi Chiyani? | | Zoyenda | Zoyenda
WBS ya polojekiti yamalonda. Chithunzi: Zoyenda

Zofunikira za WBS ndi:

  • Hierarchy: Mawonekedwe owoneka bwino, opangidwa ndi mitengo pazinthu zonse za polojekiti, kuyambira pamlingo wapamwamba mpaka pamaphukusi otsika kwambiri.
  • Kupatula Pamodzi: Chilichonse mu WBS ndi chosiyana popanda kuphatikizika, kuwonetsetsa ntchito zomveka bwino ndikupewa kubwerezabwereza.
  • Zotsatira Zofotokozedwa: Mulingo uliwonse wa WBS uli ndi zotsatira zake kapena zomwe zingaperekedwe, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuyeza momwe zikuyendera komanso momwe ntchito ikuyendera.
  • Phukusi la Ntchito: Magawo ang'onoang'ono a WBS, maphukusi a ntchito ali ndi tsatanetsatane wokwanira kuti mamembala a gulu la polojekiti amvetsetse zomwe zikuyenera kuchitika, kuyerekeza mtengo ndi nthawi molondola, ndikugawa maudindo.

Kusiyana Pakati pa WBS ndi Ndondomeko Yowonongeka kwa Ntchito

Ngakhale kuti zonsezi ndi zida zofunika pakuwongolera polojekiti, zimagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana. 

Kumvetsetsa kusiyana pakati pa ziwirizi n'kofunika kwambiri kuti polojekiti ichitike bwino.

mbaliKuwonongeka kwa Ntchito (WBS)Ndandanda ya Kuwonongeka kwa Ntchito (WBSschedule)
FocusChani imaperekedwaLiti zaperekedwa
Mlingo watsatanetsataneZocheperako (zigawo zazikulu)Zambiri (nthawi, kudalira)
cholingaImatanthawuza kuchuluka kwa polojekiti, zoperekedwaAmapanga nthawi ya polojekiti
YopulumutsidwaZolemba zamakedzana (mwachitsanzo, mtengo)Gantt chart kapena chida chofananira
ChilankhuloMndandanda wa zakudya (zinthu)Ndondomeko ya chakudya (chiyani, liti, kuphika)
MwachitsanzoMagawo a polojekiti, zoperekedwaKutalika kwa ntchito, kudalira
WBS vs. WBSNdondomeko: Kusiyana Kwakukulu

Mwachidule, Mapangidwe Owonongeka kwa Ntchito amaphwanya "chani" Kufotokozera za ntchito yonse yomwe ikukhudzidwa - pamene ndondomeko yowonongeka ya ntchito (kapena ndondomeko ya polojekiti) imayang'anira ntchito "liti" pokonza ntchito zimenezi pakapita nthawi. 

Zitsanzo Zakuwonongeka Kwa Ntchito Pakuwongolera Ntchito

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Ntchito Yowonongeka Mu Ntchito Yoyang'anira Ntchito ingatengere. Nayi mitundu yodziwika bwino yomwe muyenera kuganizira:

1/WBS Spreadsheet: 

Template Yowonongeka kwa Ntchito
Chithunzi: Vertex42

Mtundu uwu ndi wabwino pokonzekera zowoneka bwino ntchito kapena zochitika zosiyanasiyana panthawi yokonzekera polojekiti.

  • ubwino: Zosavuta kukonza ntchito, kuwonjezera zambiri, ndikusintha.
  • kuipa: Zitha kukhala zazikulu komanso zosagwira ntchito pama projekiti ovuta.

2/ WBS Flowchart: 

Kapangidwe Kapangidwe ka Ntchito | Koko | Nulab
Chithunzi: Nulab

Kuwonetsa Kuwonongeka kwa Ntchito Mu Kasamalidwe ka Ntchito monga tchati chowongolera kumathandizira kuwonera magawo onse a projekiti, kaya agawidwe ndi gulu, gulu, kapena siteji.

  • ubwino: Zikuwonetsa bwino mgwirizano ndi kudalirana pakati pa ntchito.
  • kuipa: Zitha kukhala zosagwirizana ndi mapulojekiti osavuta, ndipo zitha kukhala zosawoneka bwino.

Mndandanda wa 3/ WBS: 

Momwe Mungapangire Mapangidwe Osokoneza Ntchito | Lucidchart Blog
Chithunzi: LucidChart

Kulemba ntchito kapena masiku omaliza mu WBS yanu kungakhale njira yowongoka yowonera zomwe zikuchitika pang'onopang'ono.

  • ubwino: Zosavuta komanso zazifupi, zabwino pazowonera zapamwamba.
  • kuipa: Alibe tsatanetsatane ndi maubwenzi pakati pa ntchito.

Tchati cha 4/ WBS Gantt:

Kapangidwe ka Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) & Gantt chart ya J... - Atlassian Community
Chithunzi: DevSamurai

Mtundu wa tchati wa Gantt wa WBS yanu umapereka nthawi yowonekera bwino ya pulojekiti yanu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kumvetsetsa ndandanda yonse ya polojekiti.

  • ubwino: Zabwino kwambiri pakuwonera nthawi ya polojekiti ndikukonzekera.
  • kuipa: Pamafunika khama lowonjezera kupanga ndi kukonza.

Momwe Mungapangire Kuwonongeka Kwa Ntchito Pakuwongolera Ntchito

Nayi chitsogozo chopangira Zowonongeka kwa Ntchito mu kasamalidwe ka polojekiti:

Njira 6 Zopangira WBS mu Management Management:

  1. Fotokozani kuchuluka kwa polojekiti ndi zolinga zake: Fotokozani momveka bwino zolinga za polojekitiyi ndi zomwe ziyenera kuperekedwa.
  2. Dziwani magawo ofunikira a polojekiti: Gwirani ntchitoyo m'magawo omveka bwino, otheka (monga kukonzekera, kupanga, chitukuko, kuyesa, kutumiza).
  3. Lembani zazikulu zomwe zingaperekedwe: Mugawo lililonse, zindikirani zotuluka kapena zinthu zazikulu (monga zolemba, zofananira, zomaliza).
  4. Gwirani ntchito zomwe zingabweretsedwe: Gwiraninso ntchito iliyonse yoperekedwa kukhala zing'onozing'ono, zomwe zingatheke. Yesetsani kugwira ntchito zomwe zingatheke mkati mwa maola 8-80.
  5. Yenga ndi yeretsani: Unikaninso WBS kuti yakwanira, kuwonetsetsa kuti ntchito zonse zofunika zikuphatikizidwa ndipo palibe kubwereza. Yang'anani maulamuliro omveka bwino ndi zotsatira zofotokozedwa pamlingo uliwonse.
  6. Perekani phukusi la ntchito: Fotokozani umwini wa ntchito iliyonse, kugawa kwa anthu kapena magulu.

Malangizo Abwino:

  • Yang'anani kwambiri pazotsatira, osati zochita: Ntchito ziyenera kufotokoza zomwe zikuyenera kukwaniritsidwa, osati masitepe enieni. (mwachitsanzo, "Lembani buku la ogwiritsa ntchito" m'malo mwa "Malangizo amtundu").
  • Sungani bwino: Khalani ndi magawo 3-5 a utsogoleri, kusanja tsatanetsatane ndi kumveka bwino.
  • Gwiritsani ntchito zowonera: Zithunzi kapena matchati zingathandize kumvetsetsa ndi kulankhulana.
  • Pezani mayankho: Phatikizani mamembala a gulu kuti awonenso ndi kuyenga WBS, kuwonetsetsa kuti aliyense akumvetsetsa udindo wawo.

Zida Zopangira Kuwonongeka Kwa Ntchito Mu Kuwongolera Ntchito

Nazi zida zodziwika zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga WBS:

1.Microsoft Project

Microsoft Project - Pulogalamu yotsogola yoyang'anira projekiti yomwe imalola ogwiritsa ntchito kupanga zojambula zatsatanetsatane za WBS, kuyang'anira momwe ntchito ikuyendera, ndikuwongolera zothandizira bwino.

Phần mềm quản lý dự án | Microsoft Project
Chithunzi: Microsoft

2. Kumenya

Wrike ndi chida choyang'anira projekiti chozikidwa pamtambo chopereka magwiridwe antchito amphamvu a WBS, limodzi ndi mgwirizano ndi zochitika zenizeni zotsata polojekiti.

Wrike - Project Management

3. Lucidchart

Lucidchart ndi malo ogwirira ntchito omwe amapereka zojambula ndi zowonera deta kuti apange ma chart a WBS, ma flowcharts, ndi zojambula zina zamabungwe.

Pulogalamu Yoyang'anira Ntchito - Zithunzi Zaulere | Lucidchart
Chithunzi: LucidChart

4 Trello

Trello - Chida chosinthika, chotengera makadi kasamalidwe ka polojekiti komwe khadi lililonse limatha kuyimira ntchito kapena gawo la WBS. Ndizothandiza kwambiri pakuwongolera ntchito zowonera.

Trello pakuwongolera polojekiti: 2024 Complete Guide
Chithunzi: Playway

5. MindGenius

MindGenius - Chida choyang'anira projekiti chomwe chimayang'ana kwambiri pamapu amalingaliro, kukonza mapulani, ndi kasamalidwe ka ntchito, kulola kupanga ma chart atsatanetsatane a WBS.

Kuwongolera Ntchito ndi MindGenius - MindGenius
Chithunzi: MindGenius

6. Smartsheet

Seweroti - Chida choyang'anira pulojekiti pa intaneti chomwe chimaphatikiza kusavuta kugwiritsa ntchito spreadsheet ndi magwiridwe antchito a kasamalidwe ka polojekiti, yabwino popanga ma tempuleti a WBS.

Zithunzi Zaulere Zosokoneza NtchitoSmartsheet
Chithunzi: SmartSheet

pansi Line

Kuwonongeka kwa Ntchito ndi chida chofunikira pakuwongolera polojekiti. Zimathandizira kukonza pulojekiti kukhala ntchito zing'onozing'ono zomwe zimakhala zosavuta kuzikonza. Bungwe la WBS lithanso kumveketsa bwino zolinga za projekiti ndi zomwe zingachitike ndikupanga kukonzekera, kugawika kwa zinthu, ndi kutsata momwe polojekiti ikuyendera bwino.

kukambirana mitu yafukufuku

💡Kodi mwatopa ndi njira yakale, yotopetsa yopangira WBS? Chabwino, ndi nthawi yosintha zinthu! Ndi zida zokambirana ngati AhaSlides, mutha kutengera WBS yanu pamlingo wina. Ingoganizirani kusinkhasinkha ndikusonkhanitsa mayankho kuchokera ku gulu lanu munthawi yeniyeni, mukupanga malo osangalatsa komanso osangalatsa. Pogwirizana, gulu lanu litha kupanga dongosolo lathunthu lomwe limalimbikitsa chikhalidwe ndikuwonetsetsa kuti malingaliro a aliyense akumveka. 🚀 Onani zathu zidindo kuti muwonjezere njira yoyendetsera polojekiti yanu lero!