Kutarisira chirongwa kwakafanana nekutungamira orchestra. Chikamu chimwe nechimwe chinofanirwa kushanda pamwe chete kuti chiwane hunyanzvi. Asi kuita kuti zvese zvifambe mushe idambudziko chairo nezvinetso zvakaita sezvikamu zvisingaenderani, kukanganisa kunoitika, uye mukana wekuti zvese zvibude muhurongwa.
Ndipo pane basa rekuputsa chimiro mukutonga kweprojekiti (WBS) inopinda. Funga nezvayo sechimuti chemuitisi chinobatsira kuchengeta chikamu chose chepurojekiti chichishanda pamwe chete zvakanaka.
Muizvi blog positi, tichanyura mune pfungwa yeBasa Kuputsa Mamiriro mukutonga kweprojekiti, tichiongorora maficha ayo akakosha, tichipa mienzaniso, kutsanangura matanho ekugadzira imwe, uye kukurukura maturusi anogona kubatsira mukukudziridza kwayo.
Table Of Contents
- Chii chinonzi Work Breakdown Structure muProject Management?
- Hunhu Hunokosha HweBasa Kuputsa Mamiriro muProjekiti Management
- Misiyano Pakati peWBS uye A Work Breakdown Schedule
- Mienzaniso Yekuparara Kwebasa Kurongeka muProjekiti Management
- Magadzirirwo Ekugadzira Kuparara Kwebasa Mukugadzirisa Project
- Zvishandiso Zvekuputsa Kwebasa Mamisikirwo Mukutungamira kweProjekti
- Bottom Line
Mamwe Mazano Ne AhaSlides
Chii chinonzi Work Breakdown Structure muProject Management?
A Work Breakdown Structure in project management (WBS) chishandiso chekuputsa purojekiti kuita zvikamu zvidiki uye zvinogoneka. Izvi zvinogonesa mamaneja eprojekiti kuona mabasa ega, zvinounzwa, uye mapakeji ebasa anodiwa kuti apedze chirongwa. Inopa mufananidzo wakajeka uye wakarongeka wezvinofanira kuitwa.
Iyo WBS chishandiso chekutanga mukati project management nekuti inopa hwaro hwakajeka hwezvinofanira kuitwa:
- Ronga uye tsanangura chiyero cheprojekiti zvinobudirira.
- Gadzira fungidziro dzenguva, mutengo, uye zviwanikwa.
- Rongedza mabasa nemitoro.
- Tarisa mafambiro uye woona njodzi dzinogona kuitika kana matambudziko nekukasika.
- Kuvandudza kutaurirana uye kubatana mukati meboka reprojekiti.
Hunhu Hunokosha HweBasa Kuputsa Mamiriro muProjekiti Management
Iyo WBS inotanga nepurojekiti seyepamusoro nhanho uye yozoputswa kuita mazinga madiki anotsanangura zvikamu zvidiki zvepurojekiti. Aya mazinga anogona kusanganisira nhanho, zvinounzwa, mabasa, uye subtasks, izvo zvese zvinodiwa pakupedzisa chirongwa. Kuparara kunoenderera mberi kusvika purojekiti yakamurwa kuita mapakeji ebasa ari madiki zvakakwana kuti apiwe uye atarisirwe zvinobudirira.
Zvinhu zvakakosha zveWBS zvinosanganisira:
- Hierarchy: Maonero ekuona, emuti-akamisikidzwa eese mapurojekiti zvinhu, kubva padanho repamusoro kusvika kune rakaderera basa mapakeji.
- Mutual Exclusivity: Chinhu chega chega muWBS chakasiyana pasina kupindirana, kuve nechokwadi chemabasa akajeka uye kudzivirira kudzokorora kwekuedza.
- Defined Outcome: Yese nhanho yeWBS ine yakatsanangurwa mhedzisiro kana inounzwa, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kuyera kufambira mberi nekuita.
- Mapakeji ebasa: Iwo madiki mayuniti eWBS, mapakeji ebasa akatsanangurwa zvakakwana zvekuti nhengo dzechikwata chepurojekiti dzinogona kunzwisisa zvinoda kuitwa, fungidzira mari uye nguva nemazvo, uye kugovera mabasa.
Misiyano Pakati peWBS uye A Work Breakdown Schedule
Nepo ese ari maviri ari maturusi akakosha mukutungamira kweprojekiti, anoshandira zvinangwa zvakasiyana.
Kunzwisisa mutsauko uripo pakati pezviviri izvi kwakakosha pakuronga nekuita chirongwa chinoshanda.
| mamiriro | Basa Rokuputsa Mamiriro (WBS) | Purogiramu Yekuputsa Kwebasa (WBSschedule) |
| Focus | chii inosvitswa | apo yasvitswa |
| Nhamba yehuwandu | Zvishoma kutsanangurwa (zvikuru zvikamu) | Zvimwe zvakadzama (nguva, zvinoenderana) |
| chinangwa | Inotsanangura chiyero cheprojekiti, zvinounzwa | Inogadzira nguva yeprojekiti |
| Kununurwa | Chinyorwa chehierarchical (semuenzaniso, muti) | Gantt chati kana chishandiso chakafanana |
| fananidzo | Grocery list (zvinhu) | Chirongwa chekudya (chii, rini, kubika) |
| muenzaniso | Zvikamu zvepurojekiti, zvinounzwa | Task durations, dependencies |
Muchidimbu, Chimiro cheKuputsa Kwebasa chinoputsa "chii" yeprojekti-kutsanangura basa rose rinobatanidzwa-apo chirongwa chekuparara kwebasa (kana chirongwa cheprojekiti) chinotarisana ne "nguva" nokuronga mabasa aya nekufamba kwenguva.
Mienzaniso Yekuparara Kwebasa Kurongeka muProjekiti Management
Pane mafomati akasiyana siyana anogona kutorwa neBasa Kuputsa Mamiriro muProjekti Management. Heano mamwe marudzi akajairika ekufunga nezvawo:
1/ WBS Spreadsheet:
Iyi fomati yakanaka pakuona kuronga mabasa akasiyana kana zviitiko panguva yekuronga chikamu chepurojekiti.
- zvayakanakira: Zviri nyore kuronga mabasa, kuwedzera ruzivo, uye kugadzirisa.
- nezvayakaipira: Inogona kuve yakakura uye isinganetseki kune yakaoma mapurojekiti.
2/ WBS Flowchart:
Kupa Chimiro Chekuputsika Kwebasa MuProjekti Management sechati inoyerera inorerutsa maonerwo ezvese zvikamu zveprojekiti, zvingave zvakakamurwa nechikwata, chikamu, kana nhanho.
- zvayakanakira: Zvinonyatsoratidza hukama uye kutsamira pakati pemabasa.
- nezvayakaipira: Inogona kunge isingakodzeri mapurojekiti akareruka, uye anogona kuzara mumaziso.
3/ WBS List:
Kunyora mabasa kana mazuva ekupedzisira muWBS yako inogona kuve nzira yakatwasuka yekutevera kufambira mberi nekungotarisa.
- zvayakanakira: Yakareruka uye yakapfupika, yakanaka kune yepamusoro-yepamusoro maongororo.
- nezvayakaipira: Inoshaya ruzivo uye hukama pakati pemabasa.
4/ WBS Gantt Chati:
Iyo Gantt chati yemafomati yeWBS yako inopa yakajeka yekuona nguva yeprojekti yako, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kunzwisisa hurongwa hwese hweprojekiti.
- zvayakanakira: Yakanakisa yekuona nguva yeprojekiti uye kuronga.
- nezvayakaipira: Zvinoda kuwedzera kushanda nesimba kugadzira nekuchengetedza.
Magadzirirwo Ekugadzira Kuparara Kwebasa Mukugadzirisa Project
Heino dhairekitori rekugadzira A Work Breakdown Structure mukutonga kweprojekiti:
Matanho matanhatu Ekugadzira WBS Mukutungamira kweProjekiti:
- Tsanangura huwandu hweprojekiti uye zvinangwa: Rondedzera zvakajeka zvinangwa zveprojekiti uye izvo zvinofanirwa kuendeswa.
- Ziva zvikamu zvakakosha zvepurojekiti: Dira purojekiti kuita matanho ane musoro, anogoneka (semuenzaniso, kuronga, dhizaini, kusimudzira, kuyedzwa, kutumira).
- Nyora zvakakosha zvinounzwa: Mukati mechikamu chega chega, ratidza zvakakosha zvinobuda kana zvigadzirwa (semuenzaniso, zvinyorwa, prototypes, chigadzirwa chekupedzisira).
- Gadzira zvinounzwa kuita mabasa: Uyezve patsanura yega yega inounzwa kuita madiki, anogona kuitwa mabasa. Vavarira mabasa anogoneka mukati me8-80 maawa.
- Natsa uye natsa: Ongorora iyo WBS kuti ikwane, kuve nechokwadi chekuti mabasa ese anodiwa anosanganisirwa uye hapana kudzokorora. Tarisa uone hutongi hwakajeka uye zvakatsanangurwa mhedzisiro yedanho rega rega.
- Govera mapakeji ebasa: Tsanangura hutori hwakajeka hwebasa rega rega, uchivapa kune vanhu kana zvikwata.
Mazano Akanakisisa:
- Tarisa pane zvabuda, kwete zviito: Mabasa anofanira kutsanangura zvinoda kuitwa, kwete matanho chaiwo. (semuenzaniso, "Nyora bhuku rekushandisa" pachinzvimbo che "Type mirairo").
- Ichengete ichigoneka: Vangisa 3-5 mazinga ehierarchy, kuenzanisa ruzivo nekujeka.
- Shandisa zvinoonekwa: Madhayagiramu kana machati anogona kubatsira kunzwisisa uye kutaurirana.
- Wana mhinduro: Batanidza nhengo dzechikwata mukuongorora nekukwenenzvera WBS, kuona kuti munhu wese anonzwisisa basa ravo.
Zvishandiso Zvekuputsa Kwebasa Mamisikirwo Mukutungamira kweProjekti
Heano mamwe maturusi anozivikanwa anoshandiswa kugadzira WBS:
1.Microsoft Project
Microsoft Project -A inotungamira purojekiti manejimendi software inobvumira vashandisi kugadzira yakadzama WBS dhayagiramu, kuronda mafambiro, uye kubata zviwanikwa nemazvo.
2.Wrike
Wrick ndeye gore-yakavakirwa purojekiti manejimendi chishandiso chinopa yakasimba WBS kusikwa kwekuita, pamwe nekubatana uye chaiyo-nguva yeprojekiti yekutevera maficha.
3. Lucidchart
Lucidchart inzvimbo yebasa inooneka inopa dhayagiramu uye kuona data kugadzira machati eWBS, machati ekuyerera, uye mamwe madhayagiramu esangano.
4 Trello
Trello -A inochinjika, kadhi-yakavakirwa purojekiti yekushandisa uko kadhi rega rega rinogona kumiririra basa kana chikamu cheWBS. Yakanakira kuona basa manejimendi.
5. MindGenius
MindGenius -Chishandiso chekutonga purojekiti chakanangana nemepu yepfungwa, kuronga purojekiti, uye manejimendi ebasa, zvichibvumira kugadzirwa kwemachati eWBS akadzama.
6. Smartsheet
Shanduro -Chishandiso chekutarisira chirongwa chepamhepo chinosanganisa kureruka kwekushandiswa kwespredishiti nekushanda kweprojekiti manejimendi suite, yakanakira kugadzira matemplate eWBS.
Bottom Line
The Work Breakdown Structure chishandiso chakakosha mukutonga kweprojekiti. Inobatsira kuronga purojekiti kuita mabasa madiki ari nyore kubata. Iyo WBS inogona zvakare kujekesa zvinangwa zvepurojekiti uye zvinounzwa uye kuita kuronga, kugovera zviwanikwa, uye kufambira mberi kunobudirira.
💡Waneta here nenzira imwe chete yekare, inofinha yekugadzira WBS? Zvakanaka, inguva yekuchinja zvinhu! Nezvishandiso zvekushandisa senge AhaSlides, unogona kutora WBS yako kune inotevera nhanho. Fungidzira kufunga uye kuunganidza mhinduro kubva kuchikwata chako munguva chaiyo, zvese uchigadzira nharaunda inofambidzana uye inofambidzana. Nekubatana, timu yako inogona kugadzira hurongwa hwakazara hunowedzera hunhu uye hunoita kuti mazano emunhu wese anzwike. 🚀 Ongorora yedu templates kuti uwedzere chirongwa chako chekutungamira chirongwa nhasi!
