Kwihlabathi lamashishini akhawulezayo, isitshixo sokuhlala uphambili sikuphuculo oluqhubekayo. Kule post yebhlog, siqalisa uhambo lokufumanisa Izixhobo ezi-8 eziqhubekayo zokuphucula oko kunceda umbutho wakho ekuphuculeni rhoqo. Ukusuka kwiiklasi ezivavanyiweyo ukuya kwizisombululo ezitsha, siza kuphonononga ukuba ezi zixhobo zinokwenza njani inguqu entle, ziqhube iqela lakho lisingise empumelelweni.
Isiqulatho
Phonononga izixhobo zoPhuculo oluQhubelekayo
- Ukusebenzisa uCwangciso lweHoshin Kanri lweMpumelelo yexesha elide ukusuka ngoku
- Ishikawa Diagram Umzekelo | ISikhokelo seNyathelo neNyathelo sokuSombulula iiNgxaki ezisebenzayo
- Ezintlanu Kutheni Indlela | Inkcazelo, iiNzuzo, usetyenziso (+ Umzekelo)
- Yintoni ithiyori yeMithintelo? IsiKhokelo esiLula sokukhulisa ukusebenza kakuhle
- 6 Sigma DMAIC | UMkhombandlela wokuGqwesa kokuSebenza
Zeziphi Izixhobo eziqhubekayo zokuPhucula?
Izixhobo eziqhubekayo zokuphucula izixhobo, ubuchule, kunye neendlela ezisetyenziselwa ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle, ukulungelelanisa iinkqubo, nokukhuthaza uphuhliso oluqhubekayo kwimibutho. Esi sixhobo sinceda ekuchongeni iinkalo zokuphucula, sixhasa ukusonjululwa kweengxaki, kwaye sihlakulela inkcubeko yokufunda ngokuqhubekayo kunye nokuqhubela phambili ngaphakathi kwintlangano.
Izixhobo zoPhuculo oluqhubekayo
Nazi izixhobo ezili-10 eziqhubekayo zokuphucula kunye nobuchule obusebenza njengezibane ezikhokelayo, ezikhanyisa indlela yokukhula, ukusungula izinto ezintsha kunye nempumelelo.
#1 - Umjikelo wePDCA: ISiseko soPhuculo oluqhubekayo
Embindini wophuculo oluqhubekayo yi Umjikelo wePDCA – Cwangcisa, Yenza, Khangela, Yenza. Le nkqubo yokuphindaphinda ibonelela ngesakhelo esicwangcisiweyo semibutho ukuze iqhube uphuculo olucwangcisiweyo.
Cwangciso:
Imibutho iqala ngokuchonga iindawo zokuphucula, ukubeka iinjongo, kunye nokucwangcisa. Esi sigaba sokucwangcisa sibandakanya ukuhlalutya iinkqubo ezikhoyo, ukuqonda imeko yangoku, kunye nokumisela iinjongo ezinokwenzeka.
yenza:
Isicwangciso siphunyezwa ngokomlinganiselo omncinci ukuvavanya ukusebenza kwaso. Esi sigaba sibalulekile ekuqokeleleni idatha kunye nokuqonda kwehlabathi lokwenyani. Ibandakanya ukuphumeza utshintsho kunye nokubeka esweni ngononophelo impembelelo kwiinkqubo ekujoliswe kuzo.
Hlola:
Emva kokuphunyezwa, umbutho uvavanya iziphumo. Oku kubandakanya ukulinganisa ukusebenza ngokuchasene neenjongo ezimiselweyo, ukuqokelela idatha efanelekileyo, nokuvavanya ukuba utshintsho lukhokelela kuphuculo olufunekayo.
UMthetho:
Ngokusekelwe kuvavanyo, yenza uhlengahlengiso oluyimfuneko. Utshintsho oluyimpumelelo luphunyezwa kwinqanaba elikhulu, kwaye umjikelo uqala kwakhona. Umjikelo wePDCA sisixhobo esiguqukayo esikhuthaza ukufunda nokulungelelanisa ngokuqhubekayo.
#2 - Kaizen: Uphuculo oluqhubekayo olusuka kwiCore
I-Kaizen, ethetha "utshintsho olungcono," uthetha kwifilosofi yokuphucula okuqhubekayo egxininisa ukwenza utshintsho oluncinci, olunyukayo ngokuqhubekayo ukufezekisa uphuculo olubalulekileyo ekuhambeni kwexesha.
Amanyathelo amancinci, impembelelo enkulu:
Inkqubo eqhubekayo yokuphucula iKaizen ibandakanya bonke abasebenzi, ukusuka kubaphathi abaphezulu ukuya kwabaphambili. Ngokukhuthaza inkcubeko yokuphucula ngokuqhubekayo kwinqanaba ngalinye, imibutho ixhobisa amaqela abo ukuba achonge kwaye aphumeze utshintsho oluncinci olukhokelela ekuphuculeni okubalulekileyo.
Ukufunda rhoqo:
I-Kaizen ikhuthaza i-mindset yokufunda okuqhubekayo kunye nokulungelelaniswa, yakhela ukubandakanyeka kwabasebenzi, kwaye isebenzise ingqiqo ehlangeneyo yabasebenzi ukuqhuba uphuculo kwiinkqubo kunye neenkqubo.
#3 - Six Sigma: Umgangatho wokuqhuba ngeDatha
Izixhobo eziqhubekayo zokuphucula i-Six Sigma yinkqubo eqhutywa yidatha ejolise ekuphuculeni umgangatho wenkqubo ngokuchonga nokuphelisa iziphene. Isebenzisa indlela ye-DMAIC – Chaza, linganisa, Hlalutya, Uphucule, kwaye Ulawule.
- Chaza: Imibutho iqala ngokuchaza ngokucacileyo ingxaki abafuna ukuyicombulula. Oku kubandakanya ukuqonda iimfuno zabathengi kunye nokumisela iinjongo ezithile, ezinokulinganiswa zokuphucula.
- Ukulinganisa: Imeko yangoku yenkqubo ilinganiswa ngokusebenzisa idatha efanelekileyo kunye neemetrics. Esi sigaba sibandakanya ukuqokelela kunye nokuhlalutya idatha ukuchonga ubungakanani bengxaki kunye nefuthe layo.
- Hlalutya: Kweli nqanaba, oonobangela bengxaki bachongwa. Izixhobo zeenkcukacha-manani kunye neendlela zokuhlalutya zisetyenziselwa ukuqonda izinto ezibangela iziphene okanye ukungasebenzi.
- Phucula: Ngokusekelwe kuhlalutyo, uphuculo lwenziwa. Esi sigaba sigxile ekuphuculeni iinkqubo zokuphelisa iziphene kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle.
- Ulawulo: Ukuqinisekisa uphuculo oluzinzileyo, amanyathelo olawulo ayamiselwa. Oku kubandakanya ukubeka iliso rhoqo kunye nokulinganisa ukugcina izibonelelo ezizuzwa ngophuculo.
#4 – 5S Indlela yokusebenza: Ulungiselelo lokuSebenza ngokuSebenzayo
Indlela yokusebenza ye-5S bubuchule bokulungelelanisa indawo yokusebenza obujolise ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kakuhle nokhuseleko. Ii-S ezintlanu - Hlela, Misela ngolungelelwano, Shine, Misela, Zixhase - zibonelela ngendlela ecwangcisiweyo yokuququzelela kunye nokugcina indawo yokusebenza enemveliso.
- Hlunga: Ukuphelisa izinto ezingeyomfuneko, ukunciphisa inkunkuma kunye nokunyusa ukusebenza kakuhle.
- Misela ngolandelelwano: Lungiselela izinto eziseleyo ngocwangco ukunciphisa ixesha lokukhangela kunye nokwandisa ukuhamba komsebenzi.
- Shine: Beka phambili ucoceko ukuze uphucule ukhuseleko, isimilo esiphuculweyo, kunye nokwanda kwemveliso.
- Beka emgangathweni: Ukuseka kunye nokuphumeza iinkqubo ezisemgangathweni kwiinkqubo ezingaguqukiyo.
- Ukugcina: Hlakulela inkcubeko yokuphucula rhoqo ukuqinisekisa inzuzo ehlala ixesha elide kwiinkqubo ze-5S.
#5 -Kanban: Ukubona ukuhamba komsebenzi ngokuSebenzayo
Kanban sisixhobo solawulo olubonakalayo esinceda amaqela alawule umsebenzi ngokubona ukuhamba komsebenzi. Ukusukela kwimigaqo yokuvelisa ebhityileyo, iKanban ifumene ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumashishini ahlukeneyo ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokunciphisa iibhotile.
Umsebenzi wokujonga:
I-Kanban isebenzisa iibhodi ezibonwayo, ezihlala zihlulwe ngokweekholomu ezimele izigaba ezahlukeneyo zenkqubo. Umsebenzi ngamnye okanye into yomsebenzi imelwe yikhadi, evumela amaqela ukuba alandele ngokukhawuleza inkqubela kunye nokuchonga imiba enokubakho.
Ukunciphisa umsebenzi oqhubekayo (WIP):
Ukuze usebenze ngokufanelekileyo, uKanban ucebisa ukunciphisa inani lemisebenzi eqhubekayo ngaxeshanye. Oku kunceda ukuthintela uxanduva olugqithisileyo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba umsebenzi ugqitywa ngokufanelekileyo phambi kokuba kuqaliswe imisebenzi emitsha.
Uphuculo oluqhubekayo:
Ubume obubonakalayo beebhodi ze-Kanban buququzelela ukuphuculwa okuqhubekayo. Amaqela anokuchonga ngokukhawuleza iindawo zokulibaziseka okanye ukungasebenzi kakuhle, ukuvumela uhlengahlengiso olungexesha lokuphucula ukuhamba komsebenzi.
#6 – Ulawulo loMgangatho lulonke (TQM)
Ulawulo loMgangatho olupheleleyo (TQM) yindlela yokulawula egxile kwimpumelelo yexesha elide ngokwaneliseka kwabathengi. Ibandakanya iinzame eziqhubekayo zokuphucula kuzo zonke iinkalo zombutho, ukusuka kwiinkqubo ukuya ebantwini.
Ukugxila kuMthengi:
Ukuqonda kunye nokuhlangabezana neemfuno zabathengi yeyona nto iphambili ekugxilwe kuyo kuLawulo loMgangatho opheleleyo (TQM). Ngokuhlala ehambisa iimveliso ezisemgangathweni okanye iinkonzo, imibutho inokwakha ukunyaniseka kwabathengi kwaye ikhulise inzuzo yabo yokhuphiswano.
INkcubeko yokuPhucula rhoqo:
I-TQM ifuna utshintsho lwenkcubeko ngaphakathi kumbutho. Abasebenzi kuwo onke amanqanaba bayakhuthazwa ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kumanyathelo okuphucula, bakhuthaze umoya wobunini kunye nokuphendula ngomgangatho.
Ukwenza Izigqibo Okuqhutywa yiDatha:
I-TQM ixhomekeke kwidatha ekwaziseni ukwenziwa kwezigqibo. Ukubeka iliso okuqhubekayo kunye nokulinganisa iinkqubo kuvumela imibutho ukuba ichonge iinkalo zokuphucula kunye nokwenza uhlengahlengiso olunolwazi.
#7 - Uhlalutyo lweMbangela: Ukugrumba nzulu kwiZisombululo
Indlela yokuhlalutya imbangela yengcambu yinkqubo yemethodical yokuchonga oyena nobangela wengxaki. Ngokujongana nonobangela, imibutho inokuthintela ukuphinda kuvele imiba.
IMizobo yeFishbone (Ishikawa):
Esi sixhobo sokubonwayo sinceda amaqela aphonononge ngokucwangcisiweyo oonobangela bengxaki abanokubakho, bahlele ngokwezinto ezahlukeneyo ezinjengabantu, iinkqubo, izixhobo kunye nokusingqongileyo.
5 Kutheni:
Indlela ethi 5 Whys ibandakanya ukubuza “kutheni” ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukukhangela oyena nobangela wengxaki. Ngokugrumba nzulu “ngoba” ngamnye, amaqela anokufumanisa imiba esisiseko enegalelo kwingxaki.
Uhlalutyo lwemithi ephosakeleyo:
Le ndlela ibandakanya ukudala umboniso womzobo wabo bonke oonobangela bengxaki ethile. Inceda ekuchongeni izinto ezinegalelo kunye nobudlelwane babo, inceda ekuchongeni oyena nobangela.
#8 - Uhlalutyo lwePareto: Umthetho we-80/20 osebenzayo
Uhlalutyo lwe-Pareto, olusekelwe kumthetho we-80/20, lunceda imibutho ibeke phambili iinzame zokuphucula ngokugxininisa kwizinto ezibalulekileyo ezibangela ingxaki.
- Ukuchonga abaBalulekileyo abambalwa: Olu hlalutyo lubandakanya ukuchonga izinto ezimbalwa ezibalulekileyo ezinegalelo kwisininzi (80%) seengxaki okanye ukungasebenzi kakuhle.
- Ukuphucula izixhobo: Ngokujolisa iinzame zokujongana neyona miba inefuthe, imibutho inokwandisa izixhobo kwaye ifezekise uphuculo olubalulekileyo.
- Ukubeka iliso rhoqo: Uhlalutyo lwePareto ayingomsebenzi wexesha elinye; ifuna ukubekwa esweni okuthe gqolo ukuziqhelanisa neemeko eziguqukayo nokuqinisekisa uphuculo oluzinzileyo.
Iingcinga Final
Ukuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kumalunga neenkqubo zokucokisa, ukukhuthaza ukusungula izinto ezintsha, kunye nokukhulisa inkcubeko yokukhula. Impumelelo yolu hambo ixhomekeke ekudibaniseni ngobuchule izixhobo ezahlukeneyo eziqhubekayo zokuphucula, ukusuka kumjikelo wePDCA omiselweyo ukuya kwindlela yokuguqula iKaizen.
Ukujonga phambili, itekhnoloji ngumqhubi ophambili wokuphucula. AhaSlides, kunye nayo itemplates kwaye Iimbonakalo, iphucula iintlanganiso kunye nokucebisana ngengqondo, ibonelela ngeqonga elisebenziseka lula lentsebenziswano esebenzayo kunye neeseshoni zokudala. Ukusebenzisa izixhobo ezinje ngeAhaSlides kunceda imibutho ukuba ihlale ithambile kwaye izise izimvo ezintsha kuyo yonke inkalo yohambo lwabo oluqhubekayo lokuphucula. Ngokulungelelanisa unxibelelwano kunye nentsebenziswano, i-AhaSlides yenza ukuba amaqela asebenze ngokufanelekileyo nangokufanelekileyo.
Ii-FAQ malunga neZixhobo zoPhuculo oluQhubekekayo
Zeziphi iindlela ezi-3 zokuphucula okuqhubekayo?
I-PDCA Cycle (Plan-Do-Check-Act), i-Kaizen (Uphuculo oluqhubekayo oluncinci), kunye neSithandathu Sigma (indlela yeData-driven).
Ziziphi izixhobo zeCI kunye nobuchule?
Izixhobo eziqhubekayo zoPhuculo kunye nobuchule yi-PDCA Cycle, i-Kaizen, iSix Sigma, i-5S Methodology, i-Kanban, i-Total Quality Management, i-Root Cause Analysis, kunye ne-Pareto Analysis.
Ngaba iKaizen sisixhobo esiqhubekayo sokuphucula?
Ewe, iKaizen sisixhobo esiqhubekayo sokuphucula esavela eJapan. Isekelwe kwifilosofi yokuba, utshintsho oluncinci, olongezelelweyo lunokukhokelela ekuphuculeni okubalulekileyo ekuhambeni kwexesha.
Yeyiphi imizekelo yenkqubo yokuphucula eqhubekayo?
Imizekelo yeeNkqubo zokuPhuculwa ngokuqhubekayo: Inkqubo yoMveliso weToyota, i-Lean Manufacturing, i-Agile Management kunye ne-Total Maintenance Maintenance (TPM).
Yintoni izixhobo ezintandathu zeSigma?
Izixhobo ezithandathu zeSigma: I-DMAIC (Chaza, ukulinganisa, uHlalutya, uPhucule, uLawula), uLawulo lweNkqubo yeNkxaso (SPC), iiTshati zoLawulo, uhlalutyo lwePareto, iMizobo yeFishbone (Ishikawa) kunye ne-5 Kutheni.
Yintoni i-4 imodeli yokuphucula eqhubekayo?
I-4A eqhubekayo yokuPhucula iModeli iquka uLwazi, uHlahlelo, isenzo kunye noLungiso. Ikhokela imibutho ngokuqaphela imfuno yokuphucula, ukuhlalutya iinkqubo, ukuphumeza utshintsho, kunye nokulungelelanisa ngokuqhubekayo kwinkqubela eqhubekayo.
Ref: I-Solvexia | Viima
