Yiba nomfanekiso weqela lakho njengeqela elihamba emanzini eeprojekthi kunye neenjongo. Kwenzeka ntoni xa ufika kwindawo epholileyo? Ngenisa iKhompyutha yoHlalutyo lweNqaku, ikhampasi yakho yombutho. Kwesi sithuba sebhlog, siza kutyhila uCazululo lweMbangela yeNqaku kunye nemigaqo yayo ephambili, indlela yokwenza i-RCA inyathelo ngenyathelo, kunye neetemplate ezahlukeneyo zoHlalutyo lweNqaku ukuze uncede uhambo lwakho.
Isiqulatho
Yintoni Uhlalutyo Lonobangela?
I-Root Cause Analysis (RCA) yinkqubo ecwangcisiweyo esetyenziselwa ukuchonga izizathu ezisisiseko zeengxaki okanye iziganeko ngaphakathi kwenkqubo. Eyona njongo iphambili ye-RCA kukufumanisa ukuba kutheni umcimbi othile wenzekile kwaye ujongane noonobangela bawo kunokunyanga nje iimpawu. Le ndlela inceda ukuthintela ingxaki ukuba ingaphindi.
Root Cause Analysis isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumashishini ahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa ukuvelisa, ukhathalelo lwempilo, iteknoloji yolwazi, kunye nokunye. Yindlela esebenzayo yokusombulula iingxaki ejolise ekudaleni izisombululo zexesha elide kunokulungiswa ngokukhawuleza, ukukhuthaza ukuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kwimibutho okanye iinkqubo.
Imigaqo-siseko ePhambili yoHlalutyo lweMbangela
Nantsi imigaqo engundoqo ye-RCA:
Gxininisa kwiNgxaki, hayi Abantu:
Kunokuba ubek’ ityala umntu ngamnye, nikela ingqalelo ekucombululeni ingxaki. I-Root Cause Analysis (RCA) sisixhobo sokufumana kunye nokulungisa imiba, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ayenzeki kwakhona, ngaphandle kokukhomba abantu abathile.
Gcina izinto zicwangcisiwe:
Xa usenza i-RCA, cinga ngendlela elungelelanisiweyo. Landela inkqubo yenyathelo ngenyathelo ukufumana zonke izizathu ezinokwenzeka zengxaki. Ukucwangciswa kwenza i-RCA isebenze ngcono.
Sebenzisa Iinyani kunye nobungqina:
Yenza izigqibo ezisekelwe kulwazi lokwenyani. Qinisekisa ukuba iRCA yakho isebenzisa iinyani kunye nobungqina, hayi intelekelelo okanye iimvakalelo.
Imibuzo Ngokuvulelekileyo:
Yenza indawo apho kulungile ukubuza izimvo. Xa usenza i-RCA, vuleleka kwiingcamango ezintsha kunye nemibono. Oku kunceda ukuphonononga zonke izizathu ezinokwenzeka zengxaki.
Qhubeka nayo:
Qonda ukuba i-RCA inokuthatha ixesha. Qhubeka ude ufumane esona sizathu sale ngxaki. Ukuba nomonde kubalulekile ekufumaneni izisombululo ezilungileyo kunye nokunqanda ingxaki ukuba ingenzeki kwakhona.
Indlela Yokwenza Uhlalutyo Lonobangela Wengcambu
Ukwenza uCalulo lweMbangela yeNgxaki ibandakanya inkqubo ecwangcisiweyo yokuchonga oonobangela bengxaki okanye umba. Nasi isikhokelo senyathelo ngalinye sendlela yokuqhuba iRCA:
1/ Chaza Ingxaki:
Cacisa ngokucacileyo ingxaki okanye umcimbi ofuna uphando. Bhala inkcazo yengxaki emfutshane equka iinkcukacha ezifana neempawu, impembelelo kwimisebenzi, kunye naluphi na olunye ulwazi olufanelekileyo. Eli nyathelo libeka inqanaba layo yonke inkqubo yeRCA.
2/ Hlanganisa Iqela:
Yenza iqela lezinto ezininzi kunye nabantu abachaphazelekayo okanye abanobuchule obunxulumene nengxaki. Ukwahluka kwiimbono kunokukhokelela ekuqondweni okubanzi kwalo mba.
3/ Qokelela Idatha:
Ukuqokelela ulwazi olufanelekileyo kunye nedatha. Oku kunokubandakanya ukuphononongwa kwakhona kweerekhodi, ukwenza udliwano-ndlebe, ukuphonononga iinkqubo, kunye nokuqokelela nayiphi na eminye imithombo yedatha efanelekileyo. Usukelo kukufumana ukuqonda okubanzi nokuchanileyo kwemeko.
4/ Sebenzisa iziXhobo zeRCA:
Sebenzisa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zeRCA kunye nobuchule bokuchonga oonobangela. Izixhobo eziqhelekileyo ziquka:
- I-Fishbone Diagram (Ishikawa): Umboniso obonakalayo ohlula izizathu ezinokuthi zibe yingxaki kumasebe, njengabantu, iinkqubo, izixhobo, indawo, kunye nolawulo.
- 5 Isizathu: Buza “kutheni” ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuze ulandele ukulandelelana kweziganeko uze ufikelele koonobangela abasisiseko. Ude ufike kwingcambu yesizathu, qhubeka ubuza "kutheni".
5/ Chonga oonobangela:
Hlalutya iinkcukacha kunye nolwazi oluqokelelweyo ukuze kuchongwe unobangela okanye oonobangela bengxaki.
- Jonga ngaphaya kweempawu zangoko ukuze uqonde imiba yenkqubo enegalelo kwingxaki.
- Qinisekisa ukuba oonobangela abachongiweyo basemthethweni kwaye baxhaswa bubungqina. Qwalasela kunye neqela kwaye, ukuba kunokwenzeka, vavanya iingcamango zokuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kohlalutyo lwakho.
6/ Phuhlisa izisombululo:
Xubusha uze uvavanye amanyathelo anokubakho okulungisa nokuthintela. Gxininisa kwizisombululo ezilungisa oonobangela abachongiweyo. Qwalasela ukuba nokwenzeka, ukusebenza, kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho zesisombululo ngasinye.
7/ Yenza iSicwangciso sokuSebenza:
Phuhlisa isicwangciso somsebenzi esicacileyo esichaza amanyathelo afunekayo ukuphumeza izisombululo ezikhethiweyo. Yabela uxanduva, misela amaxesha, kunye nokuseka imilinganiselo yokubeka iliso kwinkqubela phambili.
8/ Phumeza izisombululo:
Beka izisombululo ezikhethiweyo kwisenzo. Ukuphumeza utshintsho kwiinkqubo, iinkqubo, okanye eminye imiba echongiweyo kwisicwangciso somsebenzi.
9/ Beka esweni kwaye uvavanye:
Ukubeka iliso ngeliso elibukhali imeko ukuqinisekisa ukuba izisombululo eziphunyeziweyo ziyasebenza. Ukuseka inkqubo yovavanyo oluqhubekayo kunye nengxelo. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, yenza uhlengahlengiso kwizisombululo ezisekelwe kwiziphumo zehlabathi langempela.
Isiseko soHlalutyo lweMbangela yeNzala
Apha ngezantsi kukho itemplates ezenziwe lula zoHlalutyo lweNqaku kwiifomathi ezahlukeneyo:
Isakhelo sokuHlalutya iNqaku ye-Excel yeNqaku:
Nantsi ingcambu yohlalutyo lwetemplate ebalaseleyo
- Inkcazo yengxaki: Chaza ngokufutshane ingxaki okanye umcimbi.
- Umhla kunye nexesha lekwenzeka: Bhala xa ingxaki yenzekile.
- Ukuqokelelwa kwedatha: Chaza imithombo yedatha kunye neendlela ezisetyenzisiweyo.
- Iingcambu ezingunobangela: Dwelisa oonobangela abachongiweyo.
- I zi mbululo: Uxwebhu lwezisombululo ezicetywayo.
- Isicwangciso soPhumezo: Chaza amanyathelo okuphumeza izisombululo.
- Ukubeka iliso kunye noVavanyo: Chaza ukuba izisombululo ziya kubekwa njani esweni.
5 Whys Root Cause Alysis Template:
Nantsi i-5 whys ingcambu ye-template yohlalutyo
Inkcazo yengxaki:
- Yichaze ngokucacileyo ingxaki.
Ngoba? (Ukuphinda-phinda):
- Buza ukuba kutheni le ngxaki yenzeka kwaye uqaphele impendulo.
Ngoba? (Uphindaphindo lwesibini):
- Phinda inkqubo, ubuze ukuba kutheni kwakhona.
Ngoba? (Uphindaphindo lwesithathu):
- Qhubeka ude ufikelele kunobangela.
I zi mbululo:
- Cebisa izisombululo ngokusekelwe kunobangela ochongiweyo.
ISakhelo sokuHlalutya iNqaku yeFishbone Root:
Nantsi i-fishbone root cause analysis template
Inkcazo yengxaki:
- Bhala ingxaki “entloko” kumzobo wethambo lentlanzi.
Iindidi (umz., Abantu, Inkqubo, Izixhobo):
- Bhala amasebe ngezizathu ezahlukeneyo ezinokubakho.
Izizathu ezineenkcukacha:
- Yahlula udidi ngalunye ngokwezizathu ezithile.
Iingcambu ezingunobangela:
- Chonga oyena nobangela wonobangela ngamnye.
I zi mbululo:
- Cebisa izisombululo ezinxulumene nonobangela ngamnye.
Umzekelo woVavanyo lweMbangela kukhathalelo lwezeMpilo:
Nanku umzekelo wohlalutyo lwengcambu kukhathalelo lwempilo
- Inkcazo yesiganeko sesigulane: Chaza ngokufutshane isiganeko sokhathalelo lwempilo.
- Ixesha elifanelekileyo leziganeko: Chaza ukuba isiganeko ngasinye senzeka nini.
- Imiba enegalelo: Dwelisa izinto ezibe negalelo kwesi siganeko.
- Iingcambu ezingunobangela: Chonga oyena nobangela wesiganeko.
- Iintshukumo zoLungiso: Cebisa amanyathelo okuthintela ukuphindaphinda.
- Ukulandelela kunye nokuBeka iliso: Chaza ukuba amanyathelo okulungisa aya kubekwa njani esweni.
Six Sigma Root Cause iSakhelo sokuHlalutya iMbangela:
- Chaza: Cacisa ngokucacileyo ingxaki okanye ukutenxa.
- Ukulinganisa: Qokelela idatha ukulinganisa umba.
- Hlalutya: Sebenzisa izixhobo ezifana neFishbone okanye i-5 Kutheni ukuchonga oonobangela beengcambu.
- Phucula: Phuhlisa kwaye usebenzise izisombululo.
- Ulawulo: Ukuseka ulawulo lokubeka iliso kunye nokugcina uphuculo.
Ukongeza, nazi ezinye iiwebhusayithi apho unokufumana khona iitemplates zohlalutyo lwengcambu ukukunceda ngenkqubo yakho yeRCA: SmartSheet, CofaUp, yaye Inkcubeko yoKhuseleko.
Iingcinga Final
Ithempleyithi yoHlalutyo lweMbangela yeNgcali yikhampasi yakho yokusombulula iingxaki. Ngokulandela isikhokelo senyathelo nenyathelo esichazwe apha, iqela lakho linokukhangela imingeni ngokuchanekileyo kwaye liqinisekise izisombululo zexesha elide. Ukuphucula iintlanganiso zakho kunye neeseshini zokucebisana ngakumbi, ungalibali ukusebenzisa IAhaSlides -isixhobo esenzelwe ukuphakamisa intsebenziswano kunye nokulungelelanisa unxibelelwano.
FAQs
Ubhala njani uhlalutyo lwengcambu?
Chaza ingxaki ngokucacileyo, Qokelela idatha efanelekileyo, Chonga oonobangela, Uphuhlise izisombululo ezijongene noonobangela, kunye noPhumezo kunye nokubeka iliso ekusebenzeni kwezisombululo.
Ngawaphi amanyathelo ama-5 ohlalutyo lonobangela?
Chaza ingxaki, Qokelela idatha, Chonga oonobangela, Phuhlisa izisombululo kunye noPhumezo kwaye ubeke iliso kwizisombululo.
Ndiyenza njani itemplate yohlalutyo lonobangela?
Chaza amacandelo enkcazo yengxaki, ukuqokelelwa kwedatha, ukuchongwa konobangela, uphuhliso lwesisombululo, kunye nokuphunyezwa.
Ref: asana | SmartSheet
