Esimeni esiguquguqukayo sempumelelo yenhlangano, ukhiye usezindleleni zokuthuthukisa eziqhubekayo. Noma ngabe uqondisa iqembu elincane noma uqondisa inkampani enkulu, ukuphishekela ukwenza kahle akuphumuli. Kule bhulogi, sizohlola izindlela ezi-5 eziqhubekayo zokuthuthukisa, kanye namathuluzi okuthuthukisa angu-8 ukuze sivule izimfihlo zokukhuthaza ukuqamba okusha, ukusebenza kahle, nempumelelo ehlala njalo enhlanganweni yakho.
Okuqukethwe
Kuyini Ukuthuthukiswa Okuqhubekayo?
Ukuthuthukisa okuqhubekayo kuwumzamo ohlelekile noqhubekayo wokuthuthukisa izinqubo, imikhiqizo, noma amasevisi ngaphakathi kwenhlangano. Kuyifilosofi eyamukela umbono wokuthi kuhlale kunesikhala sokuthuthukiswa futhi efuna ukwenza izinguquko ezikhulayo ukuze kuzuzwe ukusebenza kahle ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Emgogodleni wayo, ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kuhilela:
- Ukuhlonza Amathuba: Ukubona izindawo ezingathuthukiswa, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukuhamba kahle komsebenzi, ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo, noma ukwaneliseka kwamakhasimende.
- Ukwenza Izinguquko: Ukwenza izinguquko ezincane, kancane kancane kunokulinda ukulungiswa okukhulu. Lezi zinguquko zivame ukusekelwe kudatha, impendulo, noma imininingwane eqoqwe kusukela ekusebenzeni kwenhlangano.
- Ukulinganisa Umthelela: Ukuhlola imiphumela yezinguquko ukuze kunqunywe impumelelo yazo nokuqonda ukuthi zifaka isandla kanjani kumigomo yokuthuthukisa iyonke.
- Ukuzijwayeza kanye nokufunda: Ukwamukela isiko lokufunda nokuzivumelanisa nezimo. Ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kuvuma ukuthi indawo yebhizinisi iyaguquguquka, futhi lokho okusebenzayo namuhla kungase kudinge ukulungiswa kusasa.
Ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo akuyona iphrojekthi yesikhathi esisodwa kodwa ukuzibophezela kwesikhathi eside ekusebenzeni kahle. Kungathatha amafomu ahlukahlukene, njengezindlela ze-Lean, Six Sigma izinqubo, noma izimiso ze-Kaizen, ngayinye ihlinzeka ngendlela ehlelekile yokuzuza ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo. Ekugcineni, imayelana nokukhuthaza umqondo wokuqamba izinto ezintsha, ukusebenza kahle, kanye nokuphishekela okuqhubekayo kokuba ngcono kulokho inhlangano ekwenzayo.
5 Izindlela Zokuthuthukisa Eqhubekayo
Nazi izindlela ezinhlanu eziqhubekayo zokuthuthukisa ezisetshenziswa kabanzi ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene:
1/ Kaizen - Izindlela Zokuthuthukisa Eqhubekayo
Inqubo Yokuthuthukisa Eqhubekayo ye-Kaizen, noma i-Kaizen, igama lesiJapane elisho “ushintsho ube ngcono,” inqubo yokuthuthukisa eqhubekayo egxile ekwenzeni izinguquko ezincane, ezikhulayo. Ikhuthaza isiko lokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo ngokukhuthaza abasebenzi kuwo wonke amazinga ukuthi banikele ngemibono yokuthuthukisa izinqubo, imikhiqizo, noma amasevisi.
2/ Ukukhiqiza Okuthambile - Izindlela Zokuthuthukisa Eqhubekayo
Izimiso Zokukhiqiza I-Lean ihlose ukwenza lula ukusebenza ngokunciphisa ukumosha, ukuqinisekisa ukuhamba okuqhubekayo komsebenzi, nokugxila ekuletheni inani ekhasimendeni. Ukuncishiswa kukadoti, izinqubo ezisebenza kahle, nokwaneliseka kwamakhasimende kuwumongo wale ndlela yokusebenza.
3/ Imodeli ye-DMAIC – Izindlela Zokuthuthukisa Eqhubekayo
Imodeli ye-DMAIC (Chaza, Linganisa, Hlaziya, Thuthukisa, Lawula) indlela ehlelekile ngaphakathi kwendlela yokusebenza yeSix Sigma. Kubandakanya:
- Chaza: Ukuchaza ngokucacile inkinga noma ithuba lokuthuthukisa.
- Linganisa: Ukulinganisa isimo samanje nokusungula amamethrikhi ayisisekelo.
- Hlaziya: Ukuphenya umsuka wenkinga.
- Thuthukisa: Ukusebenzisa izixazululo nezithuthukisi.
- Lawula: Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa kuyasimama ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
4/ Ithiyori Yezingqinamba - Izindlela Zokuthuthukisa Eqhubekayo
Iyini iTheory of Constraints? I-Theory of Constraints (TOC) igxile ekuhlonzeni nasekubhekaneni nesici esikhawulelayo esibaluleke kakhulu (isithiyo) ngaphakathi kwesistimu. Ngokwenza ngcono ngokuhlelekile noma ukususa izithiyo, izinhlangano zingathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kanye nokukhiqiza kwalo lonke uhlelo.
5/ Hoshin Kanri – Izindlela Zokuthuthukisa Eqhubekayo
Ukuhlela kwe-Hoshin Kanri kuyindlela yokuhlela yamasu evela e-Japan. Kuhilela ukuvumelanisa izinjongo nemigomo yenhlangano nemisebenzi yayo yansuku zonke. Ngenqubo ehlelekile, u-Hoshin Kanri uqinisekisa ukuthi wonke umuntu enhlanganweni usebenzela ezinhlosweni ezifanayo, ekhuthaza indawo yokusebenza ehambisanayo nehloselwe umgomo.
8 Amathuluzi Abalulekile Okuthuthukisa Ngokuqhubekayo
Hlola izikhali zamathuluzi okuthuthukisa aqhubekayo ezandleni zakho, alungele ukucwenga futhi aphakamise izinqubo zakho.
1/ Imephu Yokusakaza Kwenani
I-Value Stream Mapping iyithuluzi elibandakanya ukudala izethulo ezibonakalayo ukuze kuhlaziywe futhi kuthuthukiswe ukuhamba komsebenzi. Ngokwenza imephu yonke inqubo kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube sekupheleni, izinhlangano zingakwazi ukubona ukungasebenzi kahle, ukunciphisa ukungcola, futhi zithuthukise ukuhamba komsebenzi, ekugcineni zithuthukise ukukhiqiza okuphelele.
2/ Gemba Uyahamba
Kuyini ukuhamba kweGemba? Ukuhamba ngeGemba kuhlanganisa ukuya endaweni yokusebenza yangempela, noma “Gemba,” ukuyobheka, ukufunda, nokuqonda izimo zangempela zezinqubo. Le ndlela yokusebenzisana ivumela abaholi namathimba ukuthi athole ulwazi, ahlonze amathuba okuthuthukisa, futhi akhuthaze isiko lokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo ngokuzibandakanya ngokuqondile nabantu abahilelekile emsebenzini.
3/ Umjikelezo we-PDCA (Hlela, Yenza, Hlola, Yenza)
The Umjikelezo we-PDCA iyithuluzi elibalulekile lokuthola intuthuko eqhubekayo. Isiza abantu nezinhlangano ukuthi babone izinkinga ngezigaba ezine:
- Hlela: Ukuhlonza inkinga nokuhlela ukwenza ngcono.
- Ingabe: Kungumqondo omuhle ukuqala ngokuhlola uhlelo ngezinga elincane.
- Hlola: Ukuhlola imiphumela nokuhlaziya idatha.
- Umthetho: Ukuthatha isinyathelo ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni, noma ngabe ukwenza ngcono izinga, ukulungisa uhlelo, noma ukulikhulisa.
Le nqubo yomjikelezo iqinisekisa indlela ehlelekile nephindaphindayo yokwenza ngcono.
4/Kanban
I-Kanban iwuhlelo lokuphatha olubonakalayo olusiza ukuphatha ukuhamba komsebenzi ngendlela efanele. Kubandakanya ukusebenzisa amakhadi noma amasignali abonwayo ukumela imisebenzi noma izinto ezihamba ngezigaba ezahlukene zenqubo. I-Kanban ihlinzeka ngokumelela okubonakalayo okucacile komsebenzi, inciphisa izingqinamba, futhi ithuthukise ukugeleza okuphelele kwemisebenzi ngaphakathi kwesistimu.
5/ Six Sigma DMAIC
The 6 Sigma DMAIC indlela yokwenza iyindlela ehlelekile yokuthuthukisa inqubo. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi iphrojekthi isebenza kahle, kubalulekile ukulandela indlela ehlelekile.
Lokhu kufaka phakathi
- Ukuchaza inkinga nezinjongo zephrojekthi,
- Ukulinganisa isimo samanje nokusungula amamethrikhi ayisisekelo,
- Ukuphenya umsuka wenkinga,
- Ukwenza izixazululo nezithuthukisi,
- Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa kuyagcinwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kugcina ikhwalithi engashintshi.
6/ Ukuhlaziywa Kwembangela Yomsuka
Indlela Yokuhlaziya Imbangela iyithuluzi eligxile ekuhlonzeni nasekulungiseni izimbangela zezinkinga kunokuba nje ukwelapha izimpawu. Ngokuthola umnyombo wenkinga, izinhlangano zingasebenzisa izixazululo ezisebenza kahle nezihlala njalo, zinqande ukuphindeka futhi zikhuthaze ukuthuthuka okuqhubekayo.
Kumataniswe nobulula be Isifanekiso Sokuhlaziya Imbangela, leli thuluzi linikeza izinhlaka ezihlelekile zokuphenya izindaba. Lokhu kusiza izinhlangano ukuthi zithathe isinyathelo ngesinyathelo sokuxazulula izinkinga, kukhuthaze isiko lokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo.
7/ Izizathu Ezinhlanu
The Izindlela ezinhlanu zokuthi kungani zisondela iyindlela elula kodwa enamandla yokumba ujule emsukeni wenkinga. Kubandakanya ukubuza ukuthi “Kungani” ngokuphindaphindiwe (imvamisa izikhathi ezinhlanu) kuze kutholakale inkinga ewumnyombo. Le ndlela isiza ukudalula izici eziyisisekelo ezinomthelela enkingeni, kube lula izixazululo ezihlosiwe.
8/ Ishikawa Diagram
An Umdwebo we-Ishikawa, noma umdwebo we-Fishbone, iyithuluzi elibonakalayo elisetshenziselwa ukuxazulula izinkinga. Ibonisa izimbangela ezingabangela inkinga, iwahlukanisa ngamagatsha afana namathambo ezinhlanzi. Lokhu kuvezwa kwesithombe kusiza amaqembu ukuthi abone futhi ahlole izici ezihlukahlukene ezinomthelela odabeni, okwenza kube lula ukuqonda izinkinga eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi bakhe izisombululo ezisebenzayo.
Izitoreji Eziyinhloko
Ekugoqeni kwethu ukuhlola kwe-Continuous Improvement Methodology, sithole okhiye bokuziphendukela kwemvelo kwenhlangano. Kusukela kushintsho oluncane luka-Kaizen kodwa olunomthelela endleleni ehlelekile ye-Six Sigma, lezi zindlela Zokuthuthukisa Okuqhubekayo zilolonga indawo yokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo.
Njengoba uqala uhambo lwakho oluqhubekayo lokuthuthukisa, ungakhohlwa ukusebenzisa I-AhaSlides. Nge-AhaSlides' izici ezisebenzisanayo futhi customizable design izifanekiso, i-AhaSlides iba yithuluzi elibalulekile ekukhuthazeni isiko lokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ihambisa izikhathi zokucabanga, ukusakazwa kwenani lemephu, noma ukwenza ukuhlaziya imbangela yezimpande, i-AhaSlides inikeza inkundla yokwenza imizamo yakho yokuthuthukisa eqhubekayo ingagcini nje ngokusebenza kodwa futhi ihehe.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Yiziphi izigaba ezi-4 zokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo?
Izigaba ezi-4 Zokuthuthukiswa Okuqhubekayo: Thola Inkinga, Hlaziya Isimo Samanje, Thuthukisa Izixazululo. kanye Nokusebenzisa kanye Nokuqapha
Yiziphi izindlela eziqhubekayo zokuthuthukisa i-Six Sigma?
Izindlela Eziyisithupha Zokuthuthukisa I-Sigma Eqhubekayo:
- I-DMAIC (Chaza, Kala, Hlaziya, Thuthukisa, Lawula)
- I-DMADV (Chaza, Kala, Hlaziya, Dizayina, Qinisekisa)
Yimaphi amamodeli okuthuthukisa okuqhubekayo?
Amamodeli Okuthuthukiswa Okuqhubekayo: I-PDCA (Hlela, Yenza, Hlola, Yenza), Ithiyori Yezingqinamba, Ukuhlela kuka-Hoshin Kanri.
Ref: Asana | I-Solvexia
