Isakhiwo senhlangano esiphumelelayo, esinomthelela oqondile ekuphathweni nasekusebenzeni kwabasebenzi, yilokho cishe zonke izinkampani, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zingakanani, ezibeka phambili phambili. Kulezo zinkampani ezinamaphothifoliyo emikhiqizo aphelele noma izimakethe zamazwe ngamazwe eziningi, izinhlaka zezinhlangano ezihlukene zibonakala zisebenza kahle. Ingabe kuyiqiniso lokho?
Ukuphendula lo mbuzo, ayikho indlela engcono ukwedlula ukuqhubekela phambili kulo mqondo, ukufunda ezibonelweni eziyimpumelelo, nokuba nokuhlaziya okuningiliziwe uhlaka lwenhlangano yezigaba mayelana nezinjongo zesikhathi eside zenkampani. Bheka lesi sihloko futhi uthole izindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokuhlela noma ukuhlela kabusha inhlangano yakho.
| Yiziphi izinhlobo zezinhlaka zenhlangano ezihlukene? | Ukuhlukaniswa kwemikhiqizo, ukuhlukaniswa kweKhasimende, ukuhlukaniswa kwezinqubo, nokuhlukaniswa kwendawo. |
| Ingabe i-Microsoft yamukela uhlaka lwenhlangano ehlukene? | Yebo, iMicrosoft inesakhiwo senhlangano sohlobo lomkhiqizo. |
| Ingabe i-Nike iyisakhiwo sokuhlukanisa? | Yebo, i-Nike inesakhiwo senhlangano sokuhlukaniswa kwezwe. |
Okuqukethwe:
Amathiphu amahle kakhulu avela ku-AhaSlides
Ufuna Ukuzijabulisa Okwengeziwe Ngesikhathi Semibuthano?
Qoqa amalungu eqembu lakho ngombuzo ojabulisayo ku-AhaSlides. Bhalisa ukuze uthathe imibuzo yamahhala kumtapo wezifanekiso ze-AhaSlides!
🚀 Bamba Imibuzo Yamahhala☁️
Siyini I-Divisional Organizational Structure?
Umqondo wohlaka lwenhlangano ehlukene usukela esidingweni sokuthatha izinqumo ezihlukene kanye nokusebenza kahle okumangalisayo ezinhlanganweni ezinkulu neziyinkimbinkimbi.
Ukuvela kwalolu hlaka lwenhlangano kuhloswe ngalo ukukhuthaza isigaba ngasinye ukuthi sisebenze ngokuzimela futhi sithathe izinqumo ngokushesha, okungaholela ekukhiqizeni nasekuzuzeni inzuzo. Uphiko ngalunye lungase lusebenze njengenkampani ezimele yodwa, lusebenze ngenjongo ethile, futhi luvamise ukufaka iningi lobuchwepheshe bokusebenza (ukukhiqiza, ukumaketha, ukubalwa kwezimali, ezezimali, izinsiza zabasebenzi) obudingekayo ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezinhloso zalo.
Uma uzibuza ukuthi ingabe inkampani yakho kufanele yakhe uhlaka lwenhlangano ehlukene, kwamukelekile ukuhlangabezana nemibandela eyodwa noma ngaphezulu kwalena elandelayo:
- Ukuthengisa iqoqo elikhulu lemigqa yomkhiqizo ebheke amakhasimende
- Sebenza kuzo zombili izinsiza ze-B2C zebhizinisi ukuya kukhasimende kanye ne-B2B yebhizinisi ukuya kwebhizinisi
- Ihlose ukukhomba inhlobonhlobo yezibalo zabantu
- Thuthukisa umkhiqizo wabo ezindaweni eziningi zejografi
- Ukukhonza amaklayenti amakhulu adinga ukunakwa komuntu ngamunye
Kubalulekile ukufunda ngombono wesakhiwo senhlangano esinezigaba eziningi. Womabili amagama asetshenziswa ukuchaza a uhlobo lwesakhiwo senhlangano lapho inkampani ihlukaniswe izigaba ezahlukene, ngayinye inesibopho somkhiqizo othile, isevisi, noma isifunda sendawo. Ngempela, babonisa umqondo ofanayo. Kodwa-ke, umehluko kuphela igama elithi "multi-divisional" lisetshenziswa kakhulu e-United States, kanti igama elithi "isigaba" lisetshenziswa kakhulu e-United Kingdom.
Related:
Yiziphi Izinhlobo Ezi-4 Zezakhiwo Nezibonelo Zenhlangano?
Izinhlaka zenhlangano ezihlukene aziphathelene nemikhiqizo kuphela. Leli gama elibanzi lingancishiswa libe yizinhlobo ezine okugxilwe kuzo okuhlanganisa umkhiqizo, ikhasimende, inqubo, kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwezindawo. Uhlobo ngalunye lwesakhiwo senhlangano lufeza umgomo othile wenhlangano futhi kubalulekile ukuthi inkampani isebenzise okulungile.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwemikhiqizo
Ukuhlukaniswa kwemikhiqizo kuyisakhiwo senhlangano esivame kakhulu namuhla, esibhekisela endleleni imigqa yemikhiqizo esichaza ngayo isakhiwo senkampani.
I-General Motors, isibonelo, yakha izigaba ezine ezisekelwe emikhiqizweni: i-Buick, i-Cadillac, i-Chevrolet, ne-GMC. Isigaba ngasinye sisekelwa ngokugcwele yiqembu laso locwaningo nentuthuko, imisebenzi yalo yokukhiqiza, kanye nethimba lalo lokukhangisa. Kukholakala ukuthi uhlaka lwenhlangano yezigaba lwaqala ukuthuthukiswa ekuqaleni kwawo-1900 ngu-Alfred P. Sloan, owayengumongameli weGeneral Motors ngaleso sikhathi.
Izigaba zamakhasimende
Ezinkampanini ezinephothifoliyo yamakhasimende ephelele, uphiko lwamakhasimende, noma uphiko olugxile emakethe lufaneleka kakhulu ngoba lubenza bakwazi ukusebenzela kangcono izigaba zabo ezahlukahlukene zamakhasimende.
Isibonelo esidumile sika-Johnson & Johnson's 200. Le nkampani iyingqalabutho ekuqoqeni izingxenye zebhizinisi ngokusekelwe kumakhasimende. Kulesi sakhiwo, inkampani ihlukanisa ibhizinisi ngezigaba ezintathu ezibalulekile: ibhizinisi labathengi (imikhiqizo yokunakekelwa komuntu siqu kanye nenhlanzeko edayiselwa umphakathi jikelele), imithi (imithi kadokotela edayiswa emakhemisi), kanye nebhizinisi eliqeqeshiwe (imishini yezokwelapha nemikhiqizo yokuxilonga esetshenziswa odokotela. , odokotela bamehlo, izibhedlela, amalabhorethri, nemitholampilo).
Ukuhlukaniswa kwenqubo
Ukuhlukaniswa kwezinqubo kuklanyelwe ukuthuthukisa ukuhamba komsebenzi nolwazi, kunokuba kukhuliswe ukusebenza kahle kweminyango ngayinye.
Lolu hlaka lusebenzela ukuthuthukisa ukugeleza kokuphela kuye ekupheleni kwezinqubo ezahlukene, isibonelo, ukuqedwa kocwaningo nokuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo kuyimfuneko ngaphambi kokuya enqubweni ukutholwa kwamakhasimende. Ngokufanayo, inqubo yokugcwalisa i-oda ayikwazi ukuqala kuze kube yilapho amakhasimende ekhonjiwe futhi kukhona ama-oda omkhiqizo okufanele agcwalise.
Ukuhlukaniswa ngokwendawo
Uma izinkampani zisebenza ezindaweni ezimbalwa, ukwakheka kwenhlangano yesigaba sendawo kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokusiza inkampani ukuthi iphendule ngokushesha kumakhasimende ezingeni lendawo.
Thatha i-Nestle njengesibonelo. Le nkampani enkulukazi yalola ukugxila kwayo ngokusekelwe esakhiweni sesigaba sendawo nokusebenza okuhlukaniswe izifunda ezinhlanu ezibalulekile, ezaziwa ngokuthi Izindawo ezintsha zezwe, kusukela ngo-2022. Lezi zifunda zifaka i-Zone North America (NA), Zone Latin America (LATAM), Zone Europe (EUR ), I-Zone Asia, i-Oceania ne-Afrika (AOA), kanye ne-Zone Greater China (GC). Zonke lezi zigaba zithola ukuthengiswa konyaka okuthembisayo.
Ukwakheka Kwenhlangano Yesigaba - Izinzuzo Nezingozi
Ukubaluleka kwesakhiwo senhlangano ehlukene akunakuphikwa, nokho, phawula ukuthi kuletha nezinselelo eziningi. Nasi isifinyezo sobuhle nobubi balesi sakhiwo okufanele usibheke ngokucophelela.
| Izinzuzo | Okumbi |
| Khuthaza ukuziphendulela okucacile, ukubeka izinto obala, nokuzibophezela ngaphakathi kwezigaba. | Izinsizakalo kufanele ziphindwe kuwo wonke amayunithi, okuholela ezindlekweni zokusebenza eziphezulu |
| Ikunikeza inzuzo yokuncintisana ezimakethe zendawo, kanye nempendulo esheshayo kuzinguquko zendawo noma izidingo zamakhasimende. | Ukuzimela kungaholela ekuphindaphindweni kwezinsiza. |
| Thuthukisa isiko lenkampani ngokuvumela imibono ehlukile emazingeni ahlukene. | Kungaba nzima ukudlulisa amakhono noma imikhuba ehamba phambili kuyo yonke inhlangano. |
| Isimo sokuncintisana singaba nempilo ekusungulweni nasekuthuthukisweni esigabeni ngasinye. | Ukunqanyulwa kokusebenza kungenzeka kanye nokwanda kwezimbangi. |
| Ikhuthaza ukukhula kwenkampani ngokudiliza ama-silo omnyango ukuze kukhule. | Ukulahlekelwa ubunye okungase kube khona kunganqandwa ngokukhuthaza umuzwa oqinile wokubambisana. |
Ubuholi nokuphatha ezinhlakeni zenhlangano ezihlukene
Yini abaqashi futhi abaholi angakwenza ukusiza ukwehlukana ukunqoba izinselelo zezinhlaka zezinhlangano ezihlukene. Nazi ezinye izincomo ezihamba phambili ezivela kochwepheshe:
- Ukuhlakulela Ukubambisana Nokubambisana: Kubalulekile ukuthi izinkampani zigcine umuzwa oqinile wokubambisana kanye ukusebenzisana phakathi kwezigaba. Ukufeza lokhu, abaqashi bangakhuthaza inkhulumomphendvulwano evulekile phakathi kwezigaba futhi bakhe umbono ohlanganyelwe wenkampani, ukuvumelanisa zonke izigaba nemigomo efanayo.
- Ukukhuthaza ubuhlakani nokuqamba izinto ezintsha: Ukuqanjwa kabusha komkhiqizo, ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe, nokuthuthukiswa kwesevisi yamakhasimende kuyizici ezimbalwa uhlaka lwesigaba esenza umzamo omkhulu kuzo. Ukusiza abasebenzi ukuthi bakhiqize ukucabanga okunobuhlakani, abaholi kufanele bagcizelele ukunikwa amandla kanye nezibonelelo.
- Ukuqondisa amaqembu agxilile anolwazi lwesizinda: Ubuholi obusebenzayo enhlanganweni ehlukene bunomthwalo wemfanelo wokuhlonza nokukhulisa amakhono akhethekile esigabeni ngasinye. Abaholi kufanele bagqugquzele ukuqeqeshwa okuqhubekayo nokuthuthukiswa kwamakhono ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi amaqembu ahlala ehamba phambili olwazini lwemboni.
- Ukukhuthaza impendulo ye-360-degree: Abaholi kufanele bakhuthaze isiko loku Impendulo ye-360-degree, lapho abasebenzi kuwo wonke amazinga benethuba lokunikeza imibono kozakwabo nabaholi. Le ndlela yempendulo isiza ekuhlonzeni izindawo okufanele zithuthukiswe, ikhuthaze ukukhula komuntu siqu, kanye nokuthuthukisa ukuguquguquka kwethimba kukonke.
Indlela yokufaka uhlaka lwenhlangano ngempumelelo? Uma kukhulunywa ngokuklama uhlaka lwenhlangano, kunezinyathelo ezine okufanele zicatshangelwe:
- Amasu emakethe yomkhiqizo: Ibhizinisi lihlela kanjani ukuqondisa umkhakha ngamunye wemakethe yomkhiqizo lapho lizoqhudelana khona.
- Isu lebhizinisi: Iyini inhloso yenkampani yokuzuza inzuzo yokuncintisana ngaphezu kwezimbangi zayo ezingeni lemakethe yomkhiqizo?
- Abasebenzi: Amakhono nezimo zengqondo zabasebenzi namazinga okuphatha ngaphakathi kwenhlangano.
- Izithiyo: Izingxenye ze-PESTLE, okuhlanganisa izici zamasiko, ezemvelo, ezomthetho, kanye nezingaphakathi zingavimbela ukukhethwa kwenqubo.
Izitoreji Eziyinhloko
💡Uma ufuna ubuholi nokuphatha okuthuthukisiwe lapho abasebenzi bengathuthukisa ukusebenza kwabo nokusebenzelana nenkampani, zizwe ukhululekile ukuxhumana I-AhaSlides. Kuyithuluzi lesethulo elimangalisayo elivumela ukusebenzisana nokusebenzisana phakathi kwabahlanganyeli kokubili kuzilungiselelo ezibonakalayo nezomuntu.
imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa
Siyini isakhiwo sokuhlukanisa senhlangano, isibonelo?
Ezinhlakeni zenhlangano ezihlukene, izigaba zenkampani zingaphatha izinsiza zazo, empeleni zisebenze njengezinkampani ezizimele zodwa ebhizinisini elikhulu, ngesitatimende senzuzo nokulahlekelwa (P&L) esihlukile. Kusho futhi ukuthi ezinye izingxenye zebhizinisi ngeke zithinteke uma ukuhlukaniswa kwehluleka.
I-Tesla, isibonelo, inezigaba ezihlukene zezimoto zikagesi, amandla (ilanga namabhethri), kanye nokushayela okuzenzakalelayo. Le modeli ivumela ukuthi ibhekane nezimboni ezahlukahlukene futhi ikhuthaze uphiko ngalunye ukuthi lubeke phambili izinto ezintsha nentuthuko.
Yiziphi izinhlaka ezi-4 zenhlangano?
Izinhlobo ezine zezakhiwo zenhlangano ziyizakhiwo ezisebenzayo, ezihlukene, eziyisicaba kanye ne-matrix.
- Isakhiwo esisebenzayo sihlanganisa abasebenzi ngokusekelwe kokukhethekile, ngamanye amazwi, uhlobo lomsebenzi abawenzayo, njengokumaketha, ezezimali, ukusebenza, nezinsiza zabantu.
- Isakhiwo se-Multi-divisional (noma i-Divisional) siwuhlobo lokuhlukaniswa okuzimele kanye nesakhiwo saso sokusebenza. Isigaba ngasinye sinesibopho somkhiqizo othile, imakethe, noma isifunda sendawo.
- Esakhiweni esiyisicaba, zimbalwa noma azikho izingqimba zokuphatha phakathi kwabasebenzi nabaphathi abaphezulu.
- Isakhiwo se-matrix sihlanganisa izici zazo zombili izakhiwo ezisebenzayo nezigaba, lapho abasebenzi babika kubaphathi abaningi:
Kungani uhlaka lwenhlangano ehlukene?
Kuthiwa uhlaka lwenhlangano ehlukene lungaxazulula izinkinga zenhlangano esezingeni eliphezulu. Isizathu ukuthi ivumela ukudluliselwa kwamandla phakathi kwenhlangano engumzali (isb, indlunkulu) namagatsha ayo.
Ingabe i-Coca-Cola iyingxenye yenhlangano?
Yebo, njengezinkampani eziningi zamazwe ngamazwe, i-Coca-Cola isebenzisa isakhiwo sokuhlukanisa umsebenzi ngendawo. Lezi zigaba, inkampani ezibona njengezingxenye eziqondiwe, yi-Europe, Middle East & Africa (EMEA). I-Latin America. ENyakatho Melika, nase-Asia Pacific.
Ref: Ngempela | Izincwadi zokushicilela
