Iminyaka Egcwele Yokuthatha Umhlalaphansi Iyachazwa: Qala Ukufunda Manje Ukuze Uthole Ikusasa Elingcono

Ingakanani iminyaka iminyaka ephelele yokuthatha umhlalaphansi? Futhi kungani kufanele uqaphele ukubaluleka kwayo ekuhleleni umhlalaphansi? 

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi usekuqaleni komsebenzi wakho noma ucabangela ukubambezela ukuthatha umhlalaphansi, ukuqonda incazelo yeminyaka ephelele yokuthatha umhlalaphansi kanye nomthelela wako ezinzuzweni zakho zokuthatha umhlalaphansi kubalulekile. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola lesi sihloko ukuze wenze izinqumo zibe lula mayelana nesikhathi sokuthatha umhlalaphansi kanye nendlela yokukhulisa izinzuzo zakho zokuthatha umhlalaphansi.

Okuqukethwe

• Uhlolojikelele Lweminyaka Egcwele Yokuthatha Umhlalaphansi
• Iminyaka Egcwele Yokuthatha Umhlalaphansi Izithinta Kanjani Izinzuzo Zokuvikeleka Komphakathi?
• Indlela Yokwandisa Izinzuzo Zakho Zomhlalaphansi
• Izitoreji Eziyinhloko
• imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa

Uhlolojikelele Lweminyaka Egcwele Yokuthatha Umhlalaphansi

Inini iminyaka ephelele yokuthatha umhlalaphansi yomuntu owazalwa ngo-1957? Impendulo yiminyaka engu-66 nezinyanga ezingu-6 ubudala.

Iminyaka yobudala ephelele yokuthatha umhlalaphansi, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-FRA, e-United States, iminyaka umuntu afaneleka ngayo ukuthola izinzuzo ezigcwele zokuthatha umhlalaphansi ezivela ku-Social Security Administration (SSA). 

Iminyaka iyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi unyaka wokuzalwa, kodwa kulabo abazalwa ngo-1960 noma kamuva, iminyaka egcwele yokuthatha umhlalaphansi ingu-67. Kulabo abazalwa ngaphambi kuka-1960, iminyaka egcwele yokuthatha umhlalaphansi iyanda ngezinyanga ezimbalwa unyaka ngamunye. 

Ingabe Iminyaka Egcwele Yokuthatha Umhlalaphansi inathonya kanjani izinzuzo Zokuvikeleka Komphakathi?

Ukuqonda iminyaka yakho ephelele yokuthatha umhlalaphansi kubalulekile ekuhleleni umhlalaphansi, njengoba kuthinta inani lezinzuzo zanyanga zonke zomhlalaphansi ongazithola ku-Social Security.

Uma umuntu ekhetha ukufuna izinzuzo zomhlalaphansi ze-Social Security ngaphambi kwe-FRA yakhe, inani lenzuzo yakhe yanyanga zonke lizoncishiswa. Ukwehliswa kubalwa ngokusekelwe enanini lezinyanga ngaphambi kokuba umuntu afinyelele ku-FRA yakhe.

Isibonelo, uma i-FRA yakho ingama-67 futhi uqala ukufuna izinzuzo uma usuneminyaka engu-62, umhlomulo wakho womhlalaphansi uzokwehliswa kuze kufike ku-30%. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukubambezeleka kwezinzuzo zakho zokuthatha umhlalaphansi ngaphezu kweminyaka egcwele yokuthatha umhlalaphansi kungaholela ekwenyukeni kwenani lenzuzo yanyanga zonke.

Ukuze uthole ukuqonda okungcono, ungabheka ithebula elilandelayo:

Noma ungasebenzisa i-Social Security Administration's (SSA) Isibali Seminyaka Yomhlalaphansi.

Indlela Yokwandisa Izinzuzo Zakho Zomhlalaphansi

Ngokwandisa izinzuzo zakho zokuthatha umhlalaphansi, ungaba nokuthula kwengqondo okwengeziwe ngokuba nemali eyanele ukuze uphile ngokunethezeka phakathi neminyaka yakho yokuthatha umhlalaphansi. 

Nazi ezinye iziphakamiso zokwandisa izinzuzo zakho zokuthatha umhlalaphansi:

1. Sebenza okungenani iminyaka engama-35

Izinzuzo zokuthatha umhlalaphansi Zokuvikeleka Komphakathi zibalwa ngokusekelwe emalini oyitholayo emaphakathi phakathi neminyaka yakho engama-35 ephezulu yokusebenza. Uma uneminyaka engaphansi kwengama-35 yokusebenza, ukubala kuzohlanganisa iminyaka eyiziro, okungase kwehlise inani lenzuzo yakho.

2. Ukubambezeleka ukufuna izinzuzo zomhlalaphansi Zokuvikeleka Komphakathi

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ukubambezeleka kwezinzuzo zomhlalaphansi Zokuvikeleka Komphakathi kuze kube ngemva kokufinyelela Iminyaka Egcwele Yokuthatha Umhlalaphansi kungase kuphumele enanini lenzuzo lenyanga eliphakeme. Izinzuzo zingakhuphuka ngokufika ku-8% ngonyaka ngamunye obambezeleka ngaphezu kwe-FRA yakho uze ufinyelele eminyakeni yobudala engama-70. 

3. Yiba ne-Retirement Planning 

Uma ulungiselela ukuhlelela umhlalaphansi izinqubo ezinezinketho zokulondoloza ezifana ne-401(k) noma i-IRA, zandisa iminikelo yakho. Ukwandisa iminikelo yakho kungakhuphula ukonga kwakho kokuthatha umhlalaphansi futhi kungase kunciphise imali engenayo ekhokhiswa intela.

4. Qhubeka nokusebenza

Ukusebenza ngaphezu Kweminyaka Egcwele Yokuthatha Umhlalaphansi kungase kuthuthukise ukonga kwakho kokuthatha umhlalaphansi kanye nezinzuzo Zokuvikeleka Komphakathi. 

Ukusebenza ngenkathi uthola izinzuzo Zokuvikeleka Komphakathi ngaphambi kwe-FRA yakho kunganciphisa inani oyitholayo ngenxa Ukuhlolwa Kwezinzuzo Zomhlalaphansi. 

Nokho, ngemva kokuthola i-FRA yakho, izinzuzo zakho zokuthatha umhlalaphansi ngeke zisancishiswa.

5. Hlela izindleko zokunakekelwa kwezempilo kanye nezimo eziphuthumayo

Izindleko zokunakekelwa kwempilo kanye nezimo eziphuthumayo zingaba izindleko ezinkulu ngesikhathi sokuthatha umhlalaphansi. Ukuze uhlelele izindleko zokunakekelwa kwezempilo kanye nezimo eziphuthumayo ngemva kokuthatha umhlalaphansi, gcina amaphuzu alandelayo engqondweni:

• Qonda usizo lwakho lwezempilo.
• Hlela ukunakekelwa kwesikhathi eside ngomshwalense noma ubeke eceleni izimali zokukhokhela izindleko zokunakekela zesikhathi eside ezingase zibe khona.
• Yakha isikhwama sezimo eziphuthumayo ukuze ukhokhele izindleko ezingalindelekile ezingase zivele. 
• Cabangela i-akhawunti yokonga impilo (HSA) ukuze ulondolozele izindleko zokunakekelwa kwezempilo ngesikhathi sokuthatha umhlalaphansi.
• Nakekela impilo yakho ngokudla ukudla okunempilo, ukuzivocavoca njalo, nokuhlala unolwazi lwakamuva ngezokuvikela.

6. Thola umeluleki wezezimali  

Ukwandisa izinzuzo zakho zomhlalaphansi kudinga ukuhlela ngokucophelela nokucabangela izimo zakho. Ukubonisana nomeluleki wezezimali kungakusiza wenze uhlelo lomhlalaphansi olukhulisa izinzuzo zakho futhi luqinisekise ukuvikeleka ngokwezimali phakathi neminyaka yakho yokuthatha umhlalaphansi.

Izitoreji Eziyinhloko 

Akukaze kusheshe kakhulu (noma kuphuze kakhulu) ukufunda ngeminyaka ephelele yokuthatha umhlalaphansi. Ukuqonda i-FRA kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokulungiselela ikusasa lakho. Ukwazi ukuthi ungazifuna nini izinzuzo Zokuvikeleka Komphakathi nokuthi lithinta kanjani inani lenzuzo kungakusiza wenze izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nomhlalaphansi wakho. 

imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa

Okuningi ngoMhlalaphansi

• I-Social Security Calculator
• Izifiso Zomhlalaphansi

Ref: Ukuphathwa Kwezokuphepha Komphakathi (i-SSA)