Ingabe ungumhlanganyeli?

Izikole ze-STEM | Umhlahlandlela Ophelele Wothisha nabafundi | 2024 Izibuyekezo

Izikole ze-STEM | Umhlahlandlela Ophelele Wothisha nabafundi | 2024 Izibuyekezo

Imfundo

I-Astrid Tran 22 Ephreli 2024 7 min ifundwe

Ingabe Izikole ze-STEM kangcono kunezikole ezijwayelekile?

Umhlaba wethu ushintsha ngokushesha. “Izikole kufanele zilungiselele abafundi kuwo wonke amazinga ukuthola imisebenzi engakadalwa, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ubuchwepheshe obungakaqanjwa, ukuze kuxazululwe izinkinga ebezingakalindelwa, ngokusho kwe-OECD Learning Framework 2030.

Imisebenzi kanye namaholo aphezulu kuyanda emikhakheni ye-STEM. Lokhu kuholela ekwandeni kokugqama kwezikole ze-STEM eminyakeni yamuva nje. Futhi, izikole ze-STEM ziphinde ziqeqeshe abafundi abanamakhono afanele ngekusasa elingaphandle kwenkambu ehlobene nobuchwepheshe.

Sekuyisikhathi sokuqwashisa ngezikole ze-STEM futhi uthole izindlela ezingcono zokubandakanya abafundi kulwazi lwe-STEM ngokwemvelo nangempumelelo. Kulesi sihloko, uzohlonyiswa ngomhlahlandlela ophelele wokwakha izifundo nezinhlelo ezinhle kakhulu ze-STEM.

Izikole ze-STEM
Abafundi bafunda ngamarobhothi noma ama-electronics ezikoleni ze-STEM | Isithombe: Freepik

Okuqukethwe

Iyini incazelo yezikole ze-STEM?

Ukukhuluma kabanzi, Izikole ze-STEM gxila emikhakheni emine emikhulu yesayensi, ubuchwepheshe, ubunjiniyela kanye nezibalo. Izinjongo eziyinhloko zokwakhiwa kwekharikhulamu ezikoleni ze-STEM yilezi:

  • Ukukhuthaza abafundi ukuthi babe nentshisekelo ezifundweni ze-STEM besebancane.
  • Ukuhlola ukuhlobana kwamakhono e-STEM emhlabeni wanamuhla.
  • Ukuxoxa ngesidingo sabachwepheshe be-STEM namathuba emisebenzi atholakalayo.
  • Ukugcizelela isidingo sokuhlakulela ulwazi lwe-STEM lokuxazulula izinkinga nokucabanga okujulile.
Incazelo yemfundo ye-STEM
Iyini i-STEM imele? | Isithombe: Freepik

Kungani izikole ze-STEM zibalulekile? 

Kufakazelwe ukuthi imfundo ye-STEM iletha uhla lwezinzuzo. Nazi izibonelo:

  • Izikole ze-STEM zikhuthaza abafundi ukuthi bacabange ngokujulile, bahlaziye izinkinga, futhi bathuthukise izixazululo ezintsha.
  • Imfundo ye-STEM ihlomisa abafundi ngamakhono adingekayo ukuze bazulazule futhi baphumelele emhlabeni oqhutshwa ubuchwepheshe
  • Izikole ze-STEM zikhulisa ubuhlakani ngokukhuthaza abafundi ukuthi bahlole, bahlole, futhi bacabange ngaphandle kwebhokisi.
  • Izikole ze-STEM zigcizelela ukusebenzisana nokusebenzisana, ukwenza isibuko izindawo zokusebenza zomhlaba wangempela.
  • Izikole ze-STEM zivala igebe phakathi kwethiyori nokusebenza ngokuxhuma ukufunda kwasekilasini nezinhlelo zokusebenza zomhlaba wangempela.
  • Imfundo ye-STEM ilungiselela abafundi inhlobonhlobo yamathuba emisebenzi emikhakheni ekhula ngokushesha njengobuchwepheshe, ubunjiniyela, ukunakekelwa kwezempilo, namandla avuselelekayo.

Izinhlobo ezintathu zezinqubo zokuhlonza izikole ze-STEM eziphumelelayo 

Kubazali abalungiselela izingane zabo ukuthi ziye emfundweni ye-STEM, kunezici ezintathu ezinquma ukuthi lesi yi-STEM ephumelelayo.

#1. Imiphumela ye-STEM yabafundi

Isivivinyo-amaphuzu ayisho yonke indaba yempumelelo, izikole ze-STEM zigxila enqubweni yokufunda lapho abafundi bafunda khona ngenjabulo nomuzwa wokuthola izinto ezintsha nokuqamba izinto ezintsha. 

Isibonelo, ngokubamba iqhaza ezikoleni ezisemthethweni ze-STEM, njengesisekelo sekharikhulamu ye-STEM, abafundi bazoba nethuba lokuvakashela iminyuziyamu, amakilabhu angaphandle kwekhampasi noma izinhlelo, imiqhudelwano, i-internship kanye nolwazi locwaningo, nokuningi.

Ngenxa yalokho, abafundi bafunda ikhono lokucabanga ngokujulile, ukubhekana nezinkinga, nokusebenza ngempumelelo nabanye, kanye nezinhlobo zolwazi namakhono akalwa ekuhlolweni kombuso kanye nezivivinyo zokwamukelwa ekolishi.

#2. Izinhlobo Zesikole Ezigxilwe ku-STEM

Izikole ze-STEM ezisebenzayo, njengezikole ezigxile kakhulu kwi-STEM-focused career kanye nezinhlelo zobuchwepheshe ziyisiqondiso esingcono kakhulu sokuqondisa abafundi ukuze bazuze imiphumela efiselekayo ye-STEM. 

Nge-academy ethize kanye nezifundo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso, izikole ze-STEM zikhiqiza imiphumela yabafundi enamandla kunamanye amamodeli, futhi amathalenta e-STEM amaningi azotholakala maduze.

Izikole ezikhethiwe ze-STEM zizohlinzeka ngemfundo esezingeni eliphakeme elungiselela abafundi ukuthi bathole amadigri e-STEM futhi baphumelele emisebenzini ye-STEM yobungcweti. 

Abafundi bayoba nethuba lokufinyelela indlela yokufunda esekelwe kuphrojekthi, ukuhlangabezana nothisha abangochwepheshe, ikharikhulamu ethuthukisiwe, imishini yaselabhorethri eyinkimbinkimbi, kanye nokuqeqeshelwa umsebenzi nososayensi.

#3. Imiyalelo ye-STEM kanye Nemikhuba Yesikole

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi imikhuba ye-STEM nezimo zesikole, isiko layo nesimo sayo kubalulekile. Basiza ukufundisa okusebenzayo kwe-STEM, okuyinkomba eyinhloko ebamba intshisekelo nokuzibandakanya kwabafundi. Ezinye izibonelo yilezi:

  • Ubuholi besikole njengomshayeli woshintsho
  • Amandla ochwepheshe
  • Izibopho zomzali nomphakathi
  • Isimo sezulu sokufunda esigxile kubafundi
  • Isiqondiso sokufundisa

Kukholakala ukuthi iziyalezo ezisebenzayo ze-STEM zibandakanya abafundi ngesayensi, izibalo, kanye nezinqubo zobunjiniyela kukho konke ukufunda kwabo esikoleni.

Abafundi banamathuba okuthuthukisa ubunikazi babo njengama-STEMcs, nobunjiniyela ngokubhekana nezinkinga ezinezinhlelo zokusebenza zomhlaba wangempela.

Ukubaluleka kothisha be-STEM kushiwo lapha, ukufundisa kwabo okuzinikele nolwazi lobuchwepheshe kungakhuthaza imiphumela emihle empumelelweni yabafundi.

Yini i-STEM vs STEAM?
Yini i-STEAM ne-STEM? | Isithombe: Shutterstock

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-STEAM ne-STEM?

Ekuqaleni, i-STEM ne-STEAM zibonakala zifana, manje yini inkinga enkulu? 

I-STEM imele isayensi, ubuchwepheshe, ubunjiniyela, kanye nezibalo. Okwamanje, i-“STEAM” ilandela uhlaka lwe-STEM kanye nobuciko. 

Imfundo ye-STEM ivame ukugxila ekusebenziseni okusebenzayo nasekulungiseleleni abafundi imisebenzi emikhakheni ye-STEM. Nakuba ubuciko bukhuthazwa ku-STEM, ubuciko abufakwa ngokusobala kuhlaka.

Emfundweni ye-STEAM, ubuciko, okufaka ubuciko obubonakalayo, imidiya, ithiyetha, nokuklama, kuhlanganiswa kuzihloko ze-STEM ukuze kugqugquzelwe ukuqamba okusha, umcabango, kanye nendlela ephelele yokuxazulula izinkinga.

Related:

Imisebenzi engama-20 ye-STEM yabo bonke abafundi bezinga

Ukuzibandakanya ekuzilolongeni kwezandla kwe-STEM, isibonelo, izivivinyo ezithokozisayo, imisebenzi yezandla, namaphrojekthi kusiza abafundi ukuthola incazelo yangempela yalezi zifundo. Ngenkathi bebambe iqhaza, bayabuza, bayabuka, futhi bazama ngendlela ejabulisayo nehehayo.

Imisebenzi ye-STEM yezingane

  • Ukwakha indlu engangenwa yiziphepho
  • Ukudala umtshingo ogelezayo
  • Ukudlala umdlalo we-Maze
  • Ukufaka ibhaluni ngeqhwa elomile
  • Ukuhlola i-Transpiration
  • Ukwakha ama-marshmallows nama-toothpicks izakhiwo
  • Ukudala imoto esebenzisa ibhaluni
  • Ukuklama nokuhlola ibhuloho lephepha
  • Ukudala ibhethri likalamula
  • Ukuklama nokwethula i-Straw Rocket

Ikharikhulamu ye-STEM eyisisekelo

  • Ukusebenzisa ama-drones ukuqapha imvelo
  • Amarobhothi wokwakha nokuhlela
  • Ukudala nokuklama imidlalo yevidiyo
  • Ukuklama nokuphrinta amamodeli we-3D
  • Ukuhlola Isayensi Yemkhathi
  • Ukusebenzisa i-Virtual and Augmented Reality 
  • Ukuzijwayeza izilimi eziyisisekelo zokubhala amakhodi nokuhlela
  • Ukuklama nokwakha izakhiwo
  • Ukuphenya amandla avuselelekayo 
  • Ukufunda ngokufunda komshini namanethiwekhi emizwa
umusi ezikoleni zamabanga aphansi
Izikole ezikhethiwe ze-STEM zinikeza izifundo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso ezinezinsiza ezisezingeni eliphezulu | Isithombe: Freepik

Related:

Ungathuthukisa kanjani ulwazi lokufunda ezikoleni ze-STEM?

Ukufundisa ngezindlela ezikhuthaza bonke abafundi futhi ziqinise ukujwayelana nokuqukethwe kwe-STEM nemikhuba kuwumsebenzi oyinselele. 

Lapha sethula amathuluzi emfundo ayi-5 aqanjiwe okuthuthukisa imfundo ye-STEM othisha abangayicabangela:

#1. I-CollabSpace

Inkundla yokubambisana eku-inthanethi efana ne-CollabSpace yakhelwe ngqo imfundo ye-STEM. Ihlinzeka ngendawo yokusebenza ebonakalayo lapho abafundi nothisha bengahlanganyela khona, babelane ngemibono, futhi basebenze kumaphrojekthi ndawonye.

#2. I-Micro: Ikhompiyutha Yebhodi Elincane yi-BBC

I-micro: bit iyikhompyutha yebhodi elincane eklanyelwe ukwethula abafundi ekubhaleni amakhodi, e-electronics, nasekucabangeni ngekhompyutha. Kuyidivayisi ehlangene efakwe izinzwa ezihlukahlukene, izinkinobho, nama-LED angahlelwa enze imisebenzi eminingi.

#3. I-Nearpod

Inkundla yokufunda esebenzisanayo efana ne-Nearpod inika amandla othisha ukuthi bakhe izifundo ze-STEM ezibandakanyayo ngokuqukethwe kwe-multimedia, imisebenzi yokuxoxisana, nokuhlola. Inikeza izici ezifana ne-virtual reality (VR) namamodeli e-3D, okuvumela abafundi ukuthi bahlole imiqondo ye-STEM ngendlela egxilile nesebenzisanayo. 

#4. I-Lego Boost

I-Lego Boost iyikhithi yamarobhothi eyakhiwe yi-LEGO Group ehlanganisa isakhiwo esinezitini ze-LEGO kanye nokufakwa kwekhodi ukuze yethule abafundi abancane kumarobhothi nemiqondo yokuhlela. Izitshudeni zingahlola izihloko ezinjengokunyakaza, izinzwa, ukucabanga kwezinhlelo, nokuxazulula izinkinga ngokudlala ngobuciko ngamamodeli abo e-Lego.

#5. I-AhaSlides

I-AhaSlides iyisethulo esisebenzisanayo nesisebenzisanayo kanye nethuluzi lokuvota elingasetshenziswa ukubandakanya abafundi ezifundweni ze-STEM. Othisha bangakha amaphrezentheshini asebenzisanayo, namaseshini okuxoxisana ngemibuzo, izinhlolovo, nemibuzo yokuxoxisana ukuze balinganise ukuqonda komfundi futhi bakhuthaze ukuhlanganyela okusebenzayo. I-AhaSlides iphinde inikeze izici ezifana neseshini ye-Q&A ebukhoma kanye nempendulo yesikhathi sangempela, okuvumela othisha ukuthi baguqule ukufundisa kwabo ngaso leso sikhathi ngokusekelwe ezimpendulweni zabafundi.

ukufundisa nge-steam
Ukuthuthukisa ukusebenzelana komfundi ngemibuzo ebukhoma

imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa

Yisiphi isibonelo sokufunda kwe-STEM?

Nazi ezinye izibonelo zokufunda kwe-STEM:

  • Ukufunda ngokuphepha nokuvikeleka ku-inthanethi ngaphakathi kwezifundo ze-cybersecurity 
  • Ukufunda ngezinzuzo ezingaba khona kanye nezingozi ze-IoT
  • Ukuhlola umthelela ongaba khona we-Nanotechnology emphakathini 

Kungani i-STEAM inhle ezikoleni?

Isiza abafundi ukuthi bajwayelane nolwazi oluhlobene nobuchwepheshe ngokufunda kokuhlangenwe nakho kanye nokulungiselela abafundi amakhono abalulekile njengokuxazulula izinkinga, ukusebenzisana, namakhono ocwaningo.

Siyini isikole esingu-#1 se-STEM e-US?

Izikole ezihamba phambili ze-STEM e-US zibalwe ngezansi, ngokusho komagazini i-Newsweek 

  • Isikole Sesayensi Nobunjiniyela eDallas
  • I-Stanford Online High School
  • Isikole Sabanekhono Futhi Abanesiphiwo saseDallas
  • I-Illinois Mathematics nesayensi Academy
  • Gwinnett School of Mathematics, Science, and Technology

Iyini i-STEAM Education UK?

Imfundo ye-STEAM imele Isayensi, Ubuchwepheshe, Ubunjiniyela, Ubuciko, kanye nezibalo. Ohlelweni lwezemfundo lwase-UK, ukufunda kwe-STEM kubalulekile ukusiza abafundi bathuthukise ubuhlakani nokuklama ukucabanga okuxazulula izinkinga eziyinkimbinkimbi endaweni eqhutshwa ubuchwepheshe. 

Imicabango Final

Isayensi, Ubunjiniyela, kanye Nobuchwepheshe yizona ezihamba phambili emnothweni wesikhathi esizayo kanye nokwakhiwa kwamathuba emisebenzi okuhambisana nakho. 

Futhi abantu abaningi bavuma ukuthi imfundo ye-K-12 STEM ixhumene nobuholi besayensi obuqhubekayo nokukhula komnotho emhlabeni. 

Ukugcwalisa ingxenye ekhulayo yezikhundla eziphezulu ze-STEM, indima yezikole ze-STEM ayinakuphikiswa ukusiza abafundi baphumelele ekuphishekeleni imisebenzi yabo yamaphupho.

Ukuthuthukisa ulwazi lokufunda lwabafundi be-STEM nge I-AhaSlides mahhala ngokushesha!