Monga mtsogoleri wa gulu, muyenera kumvetsetsa Magawo 5 a Kupititsa patsogolo Magulu kumamatira ku ntchito yanu. Zikuthandizani kukhala ndi malingaliro omveka bwino a zomwe zikuyenera kuchitika komanso kudziwa utsogoleri wabwino pagawo lililonse, kukulolani kuti mupange magulu, kuthetsa mikangano mosavuta, kupeza zotsatira zabwino, ndikuwongolera luso lamagulu mosalekeza.
Kubwera kwa mitundu yatsopano ya malo ogwirira ntchito monga mitundu yakutali ndi yosakanizidwa, zikuwoneka kuti sikofunikira kuti membala aliyense wa gulu azigwira ntchito muofesi yokhazikika. Koma pazifukwa izi, atsogoleri amagulu akuyeneranso kuphunzira maluso ochulukirapo komanso kukhala anzeru pakuwongolera ndi kukulitsa magulu awo.
Chifukwa kuti gulu likhale gulu lochita bwino kwambiri, gulu liyenera kukhala ndi malangizo omveka bwino, zolinga, ndi zokhumba kuyambira pachiyambi, ndipo woyang'anira ayenera kupeza njira zowonetsetsa kuti mamembala a gulu akugwirizana komanso pa tsamba lomwelo.
| Ndani adayambitsa Stages of Team Development Theory? | Bruce W. Tuckman |
| Ndi liti Magawo a Team Development Theory Apezeka? | pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1960 |
| Ndi magawo angati omwe alipo Magawo a Team Development Theory? | 5 |
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Malangizo Enanso ndi AhaSlides
The Five Stages of Team Development ndi chimango chopangidwa ndi Bruce Tuckman, American Psychologist, mu 1965. Momwemo, chitukuko cha timu chimagawidwa m'magawo a 5: Kupanga, Mkuntho, Norming, Kuchita ndi Kuyimitsa.
Uwu ndiye ulendo wamagulu ogwira ntchito kuyambira pakumangidwa mpaka kugwira ntchito mokhazikika pakapita nthawi. Potero, ndizotheka kuzindikira gawo lililonse lachitukuko chamagulu, kudziwa momwe alili ndikupanga zisankho zolondola kuti timuyo ikwaniritse bwino kwambiri.
Komabe, magawowa sakufunikanso kutsatiridwa motsatizana, chifukwa magawo awiri oyambirira a chitukuko cha gulu la Tuckman amakhudza luso la chikhalidwe ndi maganizo. Ndipo magawo atatu ndi anayi amayang'ana kwambiri pakuwongolera ntchito. Chifukwa chake, chitani kafukufuku wanu mosamala musanayambe kufunsira gulu lanu!
Kuchita zambiri ndi misonkhano yanu
Gawo 1: Kupanga - Magawo Okulitsa Gulu
Iyi ndi siteji pamene gulu langopangidwa kumene. Mamembala agulu sali odziwika ndipo amayamba kudziwana wina ndi mnzake kuti agwirizane ntchito yomweyo.
Panthawiyi, mamembala sangamvetse bwino cholinga cha gulu, komanso ntchito za munthu aliyense pagulu. Ndi nthawinso yosavuta kuti gulu lipange zisankho mogwirizana ndi mgwirizano, ndipo sipamakhala mikangano yoopsa chifukwa aliyense amakhala wosamala.
Nthawi zambiri, mamembala amgulu amasangalala kwambiri ndi ntchito yatsopanoyo koma amazengereza kufikira ena. Adzawononga nthawi kuyang'ana ndikusankha anthu kuti adziyike mu timu.
Popeza ino ndi nthawi yomwe maudindo ndi maudindo sakudziwika bwino, mamembala amgulu azichita:
- Kudalira kwambiri mtsogoleri kuti aziwongolera komanso kuwongolera.
- Gwirizanani ndi kuvomereza zolinga za gulu zomwe zalandiridwa kuchokera kwa utsogoleri.
- Dziyeseni nokha ngati ali oyenera mtsogoleri ndi gulu.
Choncho, ntchito ya mtsogoleri tsopano ndi:
- Khalani okonzeka kuyankha mafunso ambiri okhudza zolinga za gulu, zolinga, ndi maubwenzi akunja.
- Thandizani mamembala kumvetsetsa cholinga cha gulu ndikukhazikitsa zolinga zenizeni.
- Gwirizanitsani malamulo onse kuti muwonetsetse zochitika zamagulu.
- Yang'anani ndikuwunika mamembala ndikuwapatsa ntchito zoyenera.
- Limbikitsani, gawani, lankhulani ndikuthandizira mamembala kuti azigwira mwachangu.
Gawo 2: Mkuntho - Magawo Okulitsa Gulu
Iyi ndi nthawi yokumana ndi mikangano mkati mwa gulu. Zimachitika pamene mamembala ayamba kudziulula ndipo amatha kuswa malamulo omwe gululo lakhazikitsidwa. Ndi nthawi yovuta kwa timu ndipo ikhoza kubweretsa zotsatira zoyipa.
Kusemphana maganizo kumabwera chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa kachitidwe ka ntchito, makhalidwe, maganizo, zikhalidwe, ndi zina zotero. Kapenanso mamembala angakhale osakhutitsidwa, kufanizitsa ntchito zawo mosavuta ndi ena, kapena kudandaula pamene sakuwona kupita patsogolo kwa ntchitoyo.
Zotsatira zake zimakhala zovuta kuti gulu lipange zisankho molingana ndi mgwirizano koma mmalo mwake amakangana ndikudzudzulana. Ndipo choopsa kwambiri ndi chakuti gulu lamkati limayamba kugawanika ndi kupanga magulu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale nkhondo.
Koma ngakhale iyi ndi nthawi yomwe mamembala nthawi zambiri samayang'ana kwambiri ntchito kuti akwaniritse cholinga chimodzi, amayamba kudziwana bwino. Ndikofunika kuti gululo lizindikire ndi kulimbana ndi chikhalidwe chake.
Zomwe mtsogoleri ayenera kuchita ndi izi:
- Thandizani gulu kuti lidutse gawoli powonetsetsa kuti aliyense akumvetserana wina ndi mnzake, amvetsetsa momwe mnzake amaonera zinthu, komanso amalemekeza kusiyana kwa wina ndi mnzake.
- Limbikitsani mamembala a gulu kuti abweretse malingaliro apadera a polojekiti, ndipo onse adzakhala ndi malingaliro oti agawane.
- Yambitsani zokambirana pamisonkhano yamagulu kuti gulu liziyenda bwino.
- Kungakhale kofunikira kuvomerezana kuti mupite patsogolo.
Gawo 3: Norming - Magawo Okulitsa Gulu
Gawoli limabwera pamene mamembala amayamba kuvomerezana, kuvomereza kusamvana, ndikuyesera kuthetsa mikangano, kuzindikira mphamvu za mamembala, ndi kulemekezana.
Mamembala anayamba kulankhulana momasuka, kukambirana ndi kupempha thandizo pakafunika. Athanso kuyamba kukhala ndi malingaliro olimbikitsa kapena kufika pachigamulo chomaliza kudzera mu kafukufuku, kafukufukukapena kulingalira. Aliyense amayamba kugwirira ntchito zolinga zofanana ndipo amakhala ndi kudzipereka kwakukulu kuntchito.
Kuonjezera apo, malamulo atsopano atha kupangidwa kuti achepetse mikangano ndikupanga malo abwino oti mamembala azigwira ntchito ndi kugwirizana.
Gawo la Norming likhoza kulumikizidwa ndi Storming chifukwa mavuto atsopano akabuka, mamembala amatha kugwa mumkangano monga kale. Komabe, ntchito yogwira ntchito panthawiyi idzakulitsidwa, chifukwa tsopano gululo likhoza kuyang'ana kwambiri pakugwira ntchito ku cholinga chimodzi.
Gawo 3 ndi pamene gulu likugwirizana pa mfundo zofanana ndi momwe gulu likuyendera komanso ndondomeko ya ntchito (mmalo mwa njira imodzi yosankhidwa ndi mtsogoleri wa gulu). Ndiye apa ndipamene gulu lili ndi ntchito zotsatirazi:
- Maudindo ndi maudindo a mamembala akuyenera kukhala omveka bwino komanso ovomerezeka.
- Gululo liyenera kukhulupirirana komanso kuyankhulana kwambiri.
- Mamembalawo anayamba kupereka chidzudzulo chogwira mtima
- Gululo limayesetsa kukwaniritsa mgwirizano mkati mwa gulu popewa mikangano
- Malamulo oyambira, komanso malire amagulu, amakhazikitsidwa ndikusungidwa
- Mamembalawa ali ndi malingaliro ogwirizana ndipo ali ndi cholinga chimodzi ndi gulu
Fufuzani Moyenerera ndi AhaSlides
Gawo 4: Kuchita - Magawo a Kupititsa patsogolo Magulu
Iyi ndi nthawi yomwe gulu limakwaniritsa bwino kwambiri ntchito. Ntchitoyi imapitirira mosavuta popanda mkangano uliwonse. Iyi ndi siteji yokhudzana ndi zomwe zimatchedwa timu yochita bwino kwambiri.
Pa nthawiyi, malamulo amatsatiridwa popanda vuto lililonse. Njira zothandizirana pagulu zimagwira ntchito bwino. Chidwi ndi kudzipereka kwa mamembala ku cholinga chimodzi ndizosakayikira.
Sikuti mamembala akale amakhala omasuka kugwira ntchito mugulu, koma omwe angolowa kumene nawonso amaphatikizana mwachangu ndikugwira ntchito moyenera. Ngati membala achoka pagulu, kugwira ntchito bwino kwa gulu sikungakhudzidwe kwambiri.
Mu gawo 4 ili, gulu lonse lidzakhala ndi zotsatirazi:
- Gululi lili ndi chidziwitso chachikulu cha njira, ndi zolinga. Ndipo kumvetsetsa chifukwa chake gulu liyenera kuchita zomwe likuchita.
- Masomphenya omwe adagawana nawo gulu adapangidwa popanda kulowererapo kapena kutengapo gawo kwa mtsogoleri.
- Gululi liri ndi kudziyimira pawokha, limatha kuyang'ana zolinga zake, ndikupanga zisankho zake zambiri potengera zomwe adagwirizana ndi mtsogoleriyo.
- Mamembala amgulu amasamalirana wina ndi mnzake ndikugawana kulumikizana komwe kulipo, kalembedwe kantchito, kapena mavuto amayendedwe ogwirira ntchito kuti athetse.
- Mamembala agulu atha kupempha mtsogoleri kuti awathandize pakukula kwawo.
Gawo 5: Kuyimitsa - Magawo a Kupititsa patsogolo Magulu
Zosangalatsa zonse zimatha, ngakhale ndi ntchito pomwe magulu a polojekiti amakhala kwakanthawi kochepa. Izi zimachitika muzochitika zosiyanasiyana, mwachitsanzo, pamene ntchito yatha, pamene mamembala ambiri amachoka ku gulu kuti akatenge maudindo ena, pamene bungwe likukonzedwanso, ndi zina zotero.
Kwa mamembala odzipatulira a gulu, iyi ndi nthawi yowawa, kukhudzika, kapena chisoni, ndipo ikhoza kukhala kumverera kwakutaya komanso kukhumudwa chifukwa:
- Amakonda kukhazikika kwa gulu.
- Iwo apanga maubwenzi apamtima ogwira ntchito ndi anzawo.
- Amawona tsogolo losatsimikizika, makamaka kwa mamembala omwe sanawone zabwinoko.
Choncho, siteji iyi ndi nthawinso imene mamembala ayenera kukhala pamodzi, kuunikira, ndi kujambula zokumana nazo ndi maphunziro awo ndi anzawo. Izi zimawathandiza kuti adzipangire bwino komanso akadzalowa m'magulu atsopano pambuyo pake.
Zitengera Zapadera
Zomwe zili pamwambazi ndi magawo asanu a chitukuko cha timu (makamaka okhudza magulu a 5 mpaka mamembala a 3), ndipo Tuckman samaperekanso malangizo pa nthawi yomwe yatchulidwa pagawo lililonse. Chifukwa chake, mutha kuyigwiritsa ntchito molingana ndi momwe gulu lanu lilili. Chokhacho chofunikira ndichakuti muyenera kudziwa zomwe gulu lanu likufuna komanso momwe limayenderana ndi kasamalidwe ndi chitukuko pagawo lililonse.
Musaiwale kuti kupambana kwa gulu lanu kumadaliranso zida zomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito. Chidwi zithandizira gulu lanu kukulitsa zokolola, pangitsa ulaliki kukhala wosangalatsa komanso wolumikizana, misonkhano, ndi maphunziro osakhalanso otopetsa, ndi kuchita zodabwitsa zina zikwi.
Kukambirana bwino ndi AhaSlides
Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri
Kodi magulu ochita bwino kwambiri ali ndi chiyani?
Utsogoleri womveka, Zolinga zofotokozedwa, Kulankhulana momasuka, Kugwirizana Mogwira Ntchito, kukhulupirirana ndi cholinga chothetsa mikangano.
Mtsogoleri akhoza kupanga gulu lochita bwino kwambiri
Kukhazikitsa muyeso wogwira mtima ndi zolinga zofotokozedwa. Onani malangizo ambiri kuchokera zitsanzo zamagulu ochita bwino kwambiri.
