Mutsetse uye Vashandi Kurongeka Kwesangano - Tsanangudzo uye Yakanakisa Mienzaniso muna 2024

Muchikamu chebhizinesi, chimiro chesangano chinoita basa guru mukuumba kubudirira kwesangano. Munyaya ino, ngationgororei mutsara uye chimiro chehurongwa hwevashandi zvakadzama, kubva patsanangudzo yaro, misimboti yezvikamu, hunhu, uye ganhuriro, kuzviitiko zvehupenyu chaihwo zvinoratidzira mienzaniso.

Aya ese maonero anoshanda kune avo vari kufunga kutora nzira iyi nekuti, mune yanhasi inogara ichishanduka mamiriro ebhizinesi, kugona hurongwa hwesangano uye mitsara yevashandi kwakakosha pakugadzirisa mashandiro uye kuita sarudzo dzine ruzivo.

Zviri Mukati

• Chii chinonzi Line uye Staff Organisational Structure? 
• Hunhu Hushanu Hunhu HweMutsetse neVashandi Kurongwa Kwesangano
• Benefits of Line uye Staff Organizational Structure
• Zvakaipa zveMutsetse uye Staff Kurongwa Kwesangano
• Mutsara neVashandi Mamiriro Esangano Mienzaniso
• Zvitsva Zvitsva
• Mibvunzo Inonyanya Kubvunzwa

Chii chinonzi Line uye Staff Organisational Structure? 

Munyika yakaoma yekugadzirwa kwesangano, mutsara uye chimiro chesangano chevashandi ipfungwa yakakosha. Iyi furemu inotsanangura chimiro chesangano umo mabasa esangano, mabasa, uye nzira dzekutaurirana dzinorongwa nekugoverwa. Pakati payo, mutsetse uye vashandi sangano sangano inosiyanisa pakati pezvinhu zviviri zvakakosha zvebasa mukati mesangano: mutsara chimiro uye chimiro chevashandi.

• Line Structure: Vanobatanidzwa zvakananga mukushanda kwezuva nezuva uye zviitiko zvine chekuita nemabasa makuru esangano. Izvi zvinzvimbo zvinoumba musana wesangano uye zvinowanzobatanidzwa mukugadzira zvinhu kana kuendesa masevhisi. Nzvimbo dzemitsara dzakakosha pazvinangwa zvekutanga zvesangano uye kazhinji ndidzo dzinoita sarudzo dzekushanda.

• Staff Structure: Ivo vanopa rutsigiro, zano, uye hunyanzvi kune mitsara zvinzvimbo. Ivo havabatanidzwe zvakananga mukuita kwekugadzira asi vanoita basa rakakosha mukufambisa nekusimudzira kushanda kwemutsara mabasa. Zvinzvimbo zvevashandi zvinowanzo sanganisira nyanzvi munzvimbo dzakadai zviwanikwa zvevanhu, mari, zvemutemo, uye tekinoroji.

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Hunhu Hushanu Hunhu HweMutsetse neVashandi Kurongwa Kwesangano

Ko Line uye Staff Organisational Structure inoshanda sei? Aya ndiwo maitiro mashanu ekutanga anofanirwa kucherechedzwa:

1. Hierarchical Kurongeka: Mutsara uye chimiro chesangano chevashandi chinotsanangurwa nehutungamiri hwakanyatsogadziriswa. Nzvimbo dzemitsetse dzinobata basa rekutanga remabasa akakosha, uye dzakaiswa pamusoro pehurongwa hwesangano zvichienzaniswa nezvinzvimbo zvevashandi. Iyi hierarchy inovimbisa chimiro chakajeka chekuzivisa uye inotsanangura mazinga echiremera mukati mesangano.

2. Functional Specialization: Imwe yesimba rechimiro ichi chiri mukugona kwayo kwehunyanzvi hwekuita basa. Nhengo dzevashandi mumabasa akadai sezviwanikwa zvevanhu, mari, kana zvemutemo zvinounza ruzivo rwakanyanya uye hunyanzvi hwekutsigira nekusimudzira kushanda kwemutsara. Iyi nyanzvi inobvumira masangano kuti apinde mune hunyanzvi hunyanzvi apo achichengetedza yakasimba yekushanda musimboti.

3. Chain yeMirairo: Cheni yekuraira inotsanangurwa zvakanaka. Nzvimbo dzemitsetse dzinowanzo taurira kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzemitsara kana vakuru mukati menzvimbo yavo inoshanda. Uku kujeka muhukama hwekushuma kunovimbisa kuti masimba ekuita sarudzo nebasa zvinogoverwa zvine musoro musangano rese.

4. Kuita Zvisarudzo: Kuita sarudzo mukati memutsara uye chimiro chevashandi chinowanzo kugoverwa pakati pemutsara uye nzvimbo dzevashandi. Zvinzvimbo zvemitsetse zvine chiremera chikuru uye kuzvimiririra kana zvasvika pakuita sarudzo dzezuva nezuva. Kusiyana neizvi, zvinzvimbo zvevashandi zvinopa hunyanzvi hwakakosha uye kurudziro, zvichipesvedzera sarudzo dzinokanganisa gwara rehurongwa nekushanda kwesangano.

5. Kujeka Kwemabasa: Imwe yemabhenefiti ekutanga echimiro ichi musiyano wakajeka pakati pemutsara nevashandi mabasa. Line zvinzvimbo zvine basa rekuita akakosha mabasa, nepo zvinzvimbo zvevashandi zvinotarisa pakutsigira nekugadzirisa aya mabasa. Uku kupatsanurwa kwemabasa kunowedzera kujeka mumabasa, kuderedza kusawirirana kunogona kuitika uye kupindirana mukati mesangano.

Aya maitiro akakosha anoumba hwaro hwemutsara uye yevashandi chimiro chesangano. Kunzwisisa zvinhu zvakakosha izvi kwakakosha apo isu tinoongorora kuomesesa kwechimiro muzvikamu zvinotevera, apo isu tichaongorora zvakanakira nekuipira zvakadzama.

Benefits of Line uye Staff Organizational Structure

Mutsara uye chimiro chesangano chevashandi chinopa huwandu hwezvakanakira izvo zvinoita kuti ive sarudzo inofadza kune akawanda akawanda emasangano. Aya mabhenefiti anobatsira pakuzivikanwa kwayo kwakasimba uye kushanda kwayo. Ngationgororei mabhenefiti akakosha emuenzaniso uyu wesangano:

1. Mabasa Akasiyana Nemabasa: Mukati memutsara uye chimiro chevashandi, mabasa uye mabasa anotsanangurwa zvine hungwaru. Nzvimbo dzemitsetse dzinotakura mutoro wemabasa akakosha ekushanda, kuve nechokwadi chekutarisa kwakatsaurirwa pamabasa ezuva nezuva. Sezvineiwo, zvinzvimbo zvevashandi zvinopa rutsigiro rwakasarudzika uye hunyanzvi, zvichiwedzera kushanda kwese kwesangano.

2. Nyanzvi: Nezvinzvimbo zvevashandi zvakatsaurirwa kune chaiwo mabasa akaita seHR, mari, kana zviri pamutemo, masangano anogona kupinda mune yakasarudzika ruzivo nehunyanzvi. Iyi nyanzvi inoguma nekuvandudzwa kwekuita uye hunyanzvi munzvimbo dzakakosha, zvichibatsira mukubudirira kwesangano rose.

3. Kugadzirisa Sarudzo-Kuita: Nzvimbo dzemitsara dzinowanzova nemvumo yekuita sarudzo dzakazvimiririra. Iyi yakakwenenzverwa yekuita sarudzo inobvumira masangano kupindura nekukurumidza kumatambudziko enguva dzose nemikana. Zvinzvimbo zvevashandi zvinozadzisa izvi nekupa nhungamiro uye ruzivo rwenyanzvi, kuve nechokwadi chekuti sarudzo dzinoenderana nezvinangwa zvine hungwaru.

4. Efficient Resource Allocation: Mutsetse uye chimiro chevashandi chinogonesa masangano kugovera zviwanikwa zvakakwana. Zvinzvimbo zvemitsetse zvinotarisa pakushandisa zviwanikwa kuzadzisa zvinangwa zvekushanda, nepo zvinzvimbo zvevashandi zvichibatsira kubata zviwanikwa zvine hungwaru, kuve nechokwadi kuti zvinoenderana nezvinangwa zvesangano zvakakura. Iyi nzira inotungamirira kukushandiswa kwezviwanikwa.

5. Kugadzirisa uye Kugadzikana: Kuvapo kwezvinzvimbo zvevashandi kunowedzera kuchinjika kwesangano. Nyanzvi dzevashandi dzinopa gwara kana ratarisana nematambudziko matsva kana mikana, zvichibvumira sangano kuti rirambe rakagwinya uye richipindura kushanduka kwemamiriro ezvinhu.

6. Rutsigiro rweSarudzo Ruzivo: Zvinzvimbo zvevashandi zvinoita basa rakakosha mukupa rutsigiro rwesarudzo. Ruzivo rwavo rwehunyanzvi uye hunyanzvi hwakakosha pakuita sarudzo dzehungwaru, kunyanya mumaindasitiri ane mirau yakaoma kana tekinoroji inoshanduka.

Aya mabhenefiti akaungana anoita kuti mutsara uye chimiro chesangano chevashandi ive sarudzo inofadza kumasangano ari kutsvaga kuenzanisa pakati pekushanda zvakanaka, hunyanzvi, uye kuchinjika.

Zvakaipa zveMutsetse uye Staff Kurongwa Kwesangano

Kunyange zvazvo mutsara uye chimiro chesangano chevashandi chine zvakawanda zvakanaka, hazvina kukwana zvakare. Tinofanira kuziva matambudziko aya kuti tiite zvisarudzo zvine ruzivo uye tideredze matambudziko angangoitika. Ngationei kuti ndezvipi zvakaipira zvikuru zvehurongwa uhu hwesangano:

1. Matambudziko Ekukurukurirana+

2. Kusawirirana Kunobvira: Iwo akasiyana mabasa uye mabasa ari mumutsara uye chimiro chevashandi anogona kutungamira mukukonana mukati mesangano. Kukakavadzana uku kunogona kukanganisa kubatana, tsika, uye kubudirira kwese.

3. Resistance to Change: Masangano anochinjika kumutsara uye chimiro chevashandi anogona kusangana nekupokana kubva kuvashandi vakajairwa kune akasiyana emasangano ehurongwa. Kubudirira kubata uku kuramba uye kuve nechokwadi chekuchinja kwakanaka kunogona kuve dambudziko rakakura.

4. Kuwedzera Kwemari Yepamusoro: Kuchengeta zvinzvimbo zvevashandi vane hunyanzvi kunoda imwe mari mukutsvaga nekuchengetedza, zvichigona kukwidza mutengo wepamusoro. Izvi zvinogona kuunza matambudziko emari, kunyanya kumasangano madiki kana avo vane zviwanikwa zvishoma.

Mutsara neVashandi Mamiriro Esangano Mienzaniso

Kuti uwane kunzwisisa kwakadzama kwezvishandiso zvinoshanda uye kubudirira kwemutsara uye chimiro chesangano revashandi, zvakakosha kuti udzidze kubva kuzviitiko zvepasirese zvemasangano akabudirira kutora chimiro ichi:

General Magetsi (GE)

General Electric, inozivikanwa seimwe yemakambani makuru uye akasiyana-siyana emaindasitiri epasi rose, ane nhoroondo refu yekugamuchira mutsara uye chimiro chesangano revashandi. Mukati meGE, mitsara yemitsara muzvikamu zvakasiyana zvebhizinesi zvinotora mabasa akakosha, kusanganisira kugadzira uye masevhisi. Saizvozvo, zvinzvimbo zvevashandi vemakambani zvinopa hunyanzvi munzvimbo dzakadai semari, zviwanikwa zvevanhu, uye zvemutemo. 

⇒ Iyi nzira yehurongwa yakapa GE simba rekugadzirisa mashandiro ayo nekushandisa hunyanzvi hwayo, ichiita basa rakakosha mukubudirira kwayo mumaindasitiri mazhinji.

Procter & Gamble (P&G)

Procter & Gamble, hofori inozivikanwa pasi rese yezvinhu zvevatengi, inoshanda semumwe muenzaniso wesangano rinonyatsoshandisa tambo uye chimiro chevashandi. PaP&G, mitsara mitsetse inoshanda mukati mezvikamu zvechigadzirwa zvinotora mutoro wemabasa akakosha sekusimudzira chigadzirwa uye kushambadzira. Zvichienderana, mabasa evashandi vemakambani anowedzera rutsigiro kumapoka aya nekupa hunyanzvi mumadomasi senge manejimendi ekutengesa, mari, nekutsvaga nekusimudzira.

⇒ Iyi paradigm yesangano yagonesa P&G kukwidziridza hunyanzvi hwayo hwekugadzira uye kugovera maitiro, zvichibatsira mukukwikwidza kwayo.

Iwe unogona zvakare kuda:

• Matrix Organizational Structure | Ultimate Key to Budiriro
• Flat Organizational Structure: A Beginner's Handbook

Zvitsva Zvitsva

Iwe wakadzidza nezve mutsara uye yevashandi hurongwa hwehurongwa, uye ichokwadi inokubatsira kuti uwane kunzwisisa kuri nani kwekambani yako ikozvino manejimendi chimiro.

💡 Kana iwe zvakare uchitsvaga mhinduro nyowani dzekuwedzera kugutsikana kwevashandi uye kubatikana mune chero mhando yezviitwa zvekambani, kubva pakuunganidza ongororo, misangano, uye kudzidziswa, kuvaka-timu, tarisa Vampire ipapo. Isu tinopa yakanakisa inopindirana mharidzo yekushandisa ine akawanda epamberi maficha kuendesa zvirimo zvinogombedzera.

Mibvunzo Inonyanya Kubvunzwa

Mimwe mibvunzo nezve Line uye Staff Organisational Structure? Takakupa iwe mhinduro dzinonyanya kukosha!

1. Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati pemutsara uye mutsara-vashandi vesangano chimiro?

• Mutsetse Wesangano Chimiro: Inosanganisira yakatwasuka cheni yekuraira ine chete mitsetse zvinzvimbo, yakakodzera kune akareruka uye madiki masangano.
• Mutsara uye Staff Sangano Chimiro: Inobatanidza zvese zviri zviviri mutsara uye zvinzvimbo zvevashandi, uko mitsetse nzvimbo inobata basa repakati, uye zvinzvimbo zvevashandi zvinopa rubatsiro rwakanyanya. Yakanakira masangano makuru ane mashandiro akaomarara.

2. Ndezvipi mitsara uye zvimiro zvesangano revashandi zvakanyatsokodzera?

• Line Sangano Chimiro chakanyatsokodzera masangano ane maitiro ekuita, kunyanya mabhizinesi madiki.
• Line uye Staff Organisation Structure yakanakira masangano makuru, kunyanya ayo anoda hunyanzvi uye mabasa ekutsigira, akadai sezvipatara kana mayunivhesiti.

3. Ndeipi kupesana pakati pemutsara nevashandi?

Kusawirirana mumutsara uye zvimiro zvevashandi zvinogona kumuka nekuda kwekusiyana kwezvinokosha uye mabasa. Nzvimbo dzemutsetse dzinogona kunzwa kuti zvinzvimbo zvevashandi zvinokanganisa kuita kwavo sarudzo, nepo zvinzvimbo zvevashandi zvingatenda kuti hunyanzvi hwavo hahukosheswi. Kugadzirisa kusawirirana uku kunoda kutaurirana kunoshanda, kujekesa basa, uye kukurudzira kubatana pakati pemutsara nevashandi zvinzvimbo kuti ive nechokwadi chekubatana uye kunoshanda kwesangano nharaunda.

Ref: Kusiyanisa Kwakakosha | Geekforfgeeks