Is cyclical and seasonal the same?

No, they refers to different term. Cyclical unemployment is caused by fluctuations in the business cycle, with job losses occurring during economic downturns. Seasonal unemployment occurs during the demand for labor during certain times of the year is declined, such as holiday or agricultural seasons.

What is an example of hidden unemployment?

Hidden unemployment, also known as disguised unemployment, is a type of unemployment that is not reflected in the official unemployment rate. It includes people who are underemployed, meaning they work less than they want or need, or they work in jobs that do not match their skills or qualifications. It also involves individuals who are discouraged, meaning they have given up looking for a job because they reckon there are no job fits their desire. For example, a college graduate who works as a cashier at a supermarket because he cannot find a job in his field of study.

What is voluntary and involuntary unemployment?

Voluntary unemployment is when people who are able to work choose not to work, even though there are suitable jobs available for them. Involuntary unemployment is when people who are able and willing to work cannot find jobs, even though they are actively looking for work.

What are the 9 types of unemployment?

Another classification for unemployment is divided into 9 types: Cyclical Unemployment Frictional Unemployment Structural Unemployment Natural Unemployment Long-Term Unemployment Seasonal Unemployment Classical Unemployment. Underemployment.

Iindidi ezi-4 zokungaphangeli: Inkcazo, oonobangela, kunye nemizekelo

Kwingxelo yakutshanje, izinga lengqesho kunyaka ophelileyo belimalunga nama-56% kwihlabathi jikelele, nto leyo ethetha ukuba phantse isiqingatha sabasebenzi abaqeshwanga. Kodwa 'yincam nje ye-iceberg'. Kukho ingqiqo eyongezelelweyo ekufuneka ijongwe xa kuziwa kwintswela-ngqesho. Ngaloo ndlela, eli nqaku ligxininisa ekuchazeni Iintlobo ezi-4 zentswela-ngqesho, iinkcazelo zabo, nezizathu ezizibangela. Ukuqonda iintlobo ezi-4 zentswela-ngqesho kubalulekile ekulinganiseni impilo yoqoqosho.

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Yintoni Ukungaphangeli?
Zeziphi iintlobo ezi-4 zokungaphangeli kuQoqosho?
Ukujongana Nokungasebenzi
IItrakthi ezibalulekileyo
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Yintoni Ukungaphangeli?

Intswelamsebenziibhekisa kwimeko apho abantu abakwaziyo ukusebenza bafuna umsebenzi kodwa bangawufumani. Idla ngokuchazwa njengepesenti yabasebenzi bebonke kwaye isalathiso esingundoqo sezoqoqosho. Ukungaqeshwa kunokubangelwa yimiba eyahlukahlukeneyo, kuquka ukuwohloka kwezoqoqosho, utshintsho kubugcisa, utshintsho kushishino, neemeko zomntu ngamnye.

The izinga lokungasebenziimele inani labangasebenziyo njengepesenti yabasebenzi kwaye ibalwa ngokwahlula inani labasebenzi abangaphangeliyo ngabasebenzi kwaye iphinda-phinde isiphumo nge-100. Idatha yabasebenzi iphelele kubantu abaneminyaka eyi-16 ubudala nangaphezulu.

Zeziphi iintlobo ezi-4 zokungaphangeli kuQoqosho?

Intswela-ngqesho inokuba yeyokuzithandela okanye ngokuzenzekela, nto leyo ewela kwiindidi ezi-4 eziphambili zokungaqeshwa: ukungaphangeli, ulwakhiwo, umjikelo, kunye nodidi lweziko ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

Iintlobo ezi-4 zentswela-ngqesho - #1. Ifrictional

Ukungabikho kwemisebenzikwenzeka xa abantu bekwinkqubo yokuhamba phakathi kwemisebenzi okanye ukungena kwimarike yomsebenzi okokuqala ngqa. Ithathwa njengenxalenye yendalo nengenakuthintelwa yemarike yemisebenzi eguqukayo neguqukayo. Olu hlobo lwentswela-ngqesho ludla ngokuba lolwexesha elifutshane, njengoko abantu bethabatha ixesha lokukhangela amathuba engqesho afanelekileyo ahambelana nezakhono zabo nezinto abazithandayo.

Kukho izizathu ezininzi zokuba kutheni ukungaqeshwa okungaqhelekanga kuyeyona ixhaphakileyo:

Abantu bayafuduka ngenxa yezizathu zobuqu okanye zobungcali, nto leyo ekhokelela kumsantsa wexeshana emsebenzini.
Abantu abasandula ukugqiba imfundo yabo kwaye bangena kwimarike yomsebenzi banokufumana ukungaqeshwa okungahambi kakuhle njengoko befuna umsebenzi wabo wokuqala emva kokuphumelela.
Umntu ngokuzithandela ushiya umsebenzi wakhe wangoku ukuze ajonge amathuba angcono emisebenzi kwaye ukwinkqubo yokukhangela umsebenzi omtsha.

Ukujongana nale meko, iinkampani ezininzi zibonelela ngoqeqesho lwabaphumeleleyo abatsha okanye abaphumeleleyo abazayo. Kukwakho namaqonga onxibelelwano amaninzi adibanisa abafundi abanezidanga namashishini.

Iintlobo ezi-4 zentswela-ngqesho - #2. Ulwakhiwo

Intswela-ngqesho ibangelwa kukungangqinelani phakathi kwezakhono abanazo abasebenzi kunye nezakhono ezifunwa ngabaqeshi. Olu hlobo luzingisa ngakumbi kwaye ludla ngokubangelwa lutshintsho olusisiseko kwezoqoqosho.

Iingcambu eziphambili ezikhokelela ekwandiseni izinga lentswela-ngqesho kulwakhiwo ziquka:

Inkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji inokukhokelela kwi-automation, ukwenza izakhono ezithile zomsebenzi ziphelelwe lixesha ngelixa kusenziwa imfuno entsha, ehlala ikhethekileyo, izakhono. Abasebenzi abanezakhono eziphelelwe lixesha banokukufumanisa kulucelomngeni ukufumana umsebenzi ngaphandle kokuqeqeshwa kwakhona.
Utshintsho kulwakhiwo lwamashishini, njengokuhla kwamacandelo emveliso yemveli kunye nokunyuka kwamashishini aqhutywa ngeteknoloji.
Amathuba emisebenzi agxininiswe kwiindawo ezithile zejografi, kunye nabasebenzi kunye izakhono ezifanelekileyozikwiingingqi ezahlukeneyo.
Ukunyuka kokhuphiswano lwehlabathi kunye nokukhutshwa kwemisebenzi yokuvelisa kumazwe aneendleko eziphantsi zabasebenzi kube nefuthe kukhuphiswano lwengqesho.

Ngokomzekelo, amawakawaka abantu baseMerika abakwimizi-mveliso yentsimbi, eyeemoto, eye-electronic neyolukiweyo baphelelwa yimisebenzi baza baphelelwa ngumsebenzi ngenxa yokuba iinkampani ezininzi zaseMerika zandisa ushishino kumazwe asakhasayo. Ukuvela kwe-AI kuye kwasongela ukulahleka kwemisebenzi kumashishini amaninzi, ngakumbi i-Manufacturing and Assembly Lines.

Abasebenzi baseIndiya kwiziko lemibuzo babonelela ngenkxaso yenkonzo kubathengi bamanye amazwe.

Iintlobo ezi-4 zentswela-ngqesho - #3. Ngebhayisekile

Xa uqoqosho lukwimeko yokudodobala okanye ukudodobala koqoqosho, imfuno yempahla kunye neenkonzo iyehla, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuncipheni kwemveliso kunye nengqesho, nto leyo ebhekiselele kumjikelo wokungaqeshwa. Ihlala ithathwa njengethutyana kuba ibotshelelwe kumjikelo weshishini. Njengoko iimeko zoqoqosho ziphucuka, amashishini aqalisa ukwanda kwakhona, nto leyo ekhokelela ekwandeni kwemveliso nokuqeshwa kwakhona kwabasebenzi.

Umzekelo wokwenyani wokungabikho kwengqesho umjikelo unokubonwa ngexesha lentlekele yemali yehlabathi ka-2008 kunye nokudodobala koqoqosho okwalandelayo. Le ngxubakaxaka ibe nefuthe elibonakalayo kumashishini ahlukeneyo, nto leyo ekhokelele kwilahleko yemisebenzi exhaphakileyo kunye nokwanda kwentswela-ngqesho.

Omnye umzekelo ukuphelelwa ngumsebenziyezigidi zabantu ngexesha lokudodobala koqoqosho okubangelwe ngubhubhani we-COVID-19 ngo-2020. Lo bhubhani ube nefuthe kakhulu kumashishini eenkonzo axhomekeke kunxibelelwano lomntu, olufana nokwamkela iindwendwe, ukhenketho, iindawo zokutyela kunye nolonwabo. Ukuvalwa kweendawo kukhokelela ekuyekweni kwabasebenzi kunye nokugxothwa kwabasebenzi.

Iintlobo ezi-4 zentswela-ngqesho - #4. Iziko

Intswela-ngqesho kumaziko ligama elingaxhaphakanga kangako, elenzeka xa abantu bengaqeshwanga ngenxa yorhulumente noluntu kunye nenkuthazo.

Makhe sijonge ngakumbi kolu hlobo:

Ngelixa imithetho emincinci yemivuzo ijolise ekukhuseleni abasebenzi, ikwangoyena mba uphambili okhokelela kwintswela-ngqesho ukuba owona mvuzo uphantsi ogunyazisiweyo ubekwe ngaphezulu komvuzo wokulingana kweemarike. Abaqeshi basenokungafuni okanye bangakwazi ukuqesha abasebenzi kumanqanaba aphezulu emivuzo, nto leyo ekhokelela kwintswelo-ngqesho, ngakumbi phakathi kwabasebenzi abanezakhono eziphantsi.
Ilayisenisi yomsebenzi inokuba ngumqobo ekungeneni kwimisebenzi ethile. Ngelixa ijolise ekuqinisekiseni umgangatho kunye nokhuseleko, iimfuno ezingqongqo zelayisensi zinokunciphisa amathuba emisebenzi kwaye zidale intswela-ngqesho, ngakumbi kwabo bangenako ukufikelela kwimigangatho yokukhutshwa kweelayisenisi.
Iindlela zokuqesha ezicalulayo zinokukhokelela kumathuba angalinganiyo kwimarike yomsebenzi. Ukuba amaqela athile abantu ajongene nocalucalulo, oko kunokukhokelela kumazinga aphezulu abantu abangaphangeliyo kuloo maqela kwaye abe negalelo kukungalingani kwezentlalo nezoqoqosho.

Ukujongana Nokungaqeshwa

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ukujongana nentswela-ngqesho. Ngelixa urhulumente, uluntu, kunye namashishini besebenzisana ekuguqukeni kwemarike yemisebenzi, ukudala imisebenzi engakumbi, okanye ukunxibelelanisa abaqeshi nabo banokuba ngabagqatswa ngokufanelekileyo, abantu kufuneka bafunde, bahlaziye kwaye baziqhelanise nehlabathi eliguquka ngokukhawuleza.

Nazi ezinye iinzame ezenziweyo ukulwa nentswela-ngqesho:

Khuthaza ukuyilwa kweenkqubo zokuqeqeshelwa umsebenzi kunye nokuqeqeshelwa umsebenzi ezibonelela ngamava okusebenza kubantu abangena emsebenzini.
Ukukhuthaza intsebenziswano phakathi kwamaziko emfundo namashishini ukuququzelela utshintsho olungenamagingxi-gingxi ukusuka kwimfundo ukuya kwingqesho.
Ukuphumeza iinkqubo ze-inshorensi yokungaphangeli ezibonelela ngenkxaso yemali ngexesha lotshintsho lomsebenzi.
Phunyezwa iinkqubo zezakhono kwakhonakubasebenzi abakumashishini ahlayo ukubanceda bafumane izakhono ezitsha ezifanelekileyo kumacandelo akhulayo.
Ukubonelela ngezibonelelo kunye neenkqubo zokufundisa abantu abanomdla ekuqaliseni awabo amashishini.

IItrakthi ezibalulekileyo

Iinkampani ezininzi zijongene nokunqongophala kwetalente, kwaye esinye sezizathu eziphambili kukuba abantu bajonge imisebenzi edibeneyo, inkcubeko yenkampani enempilo, kunye nendawo yokusebenza ebandakanyekayo. Ukuba ujonge indlela entsha yokubandakanya abasebenzi bakho, sebenzisa AhaSlides njengebhulorho phakathi kwamaqela akho. Iqala ngokudala inkqubo enentsingiselo yokukhwela, rhoqo kwaye inika umdla ukuqeqeshwa kweqela lokwakha iqela, kunye neendibano zocweyo ngonxibelelwano kunye nentsebenziswano.

Yenza imibuzo ephilayo nge AhaSlides kuqeqesho lwakho lwenyani lokwakha iqela, iindibano zocweyo, njl.

Imibuzo ebuzwa qho:

Ngaba i-cyclical kunye nexesha lonyaka ziyafana?

Hayi, zibhekisela kwigama elahlukileyo. Ukungaqeshwa okuhamba ngomjikelo kubangelwa kukuguquguquka komjikelo weshishini, kunye nokulahleka kwemisebenzi okwenzeka ngexesha lokudodobala koqoqosho. Ukungaqeshwa kwamaxesha athile kwenzeka ngexesha lokufunwa kwabasebenzi ngamaxesha athile onyaka aliwe, afana namaxesha eeholide okanye ezolimo.

Ngowuphi umzekelo wokungaqeshwa okufihlakeleyo?

Intswela-ngqesho efihlakeleyo, ekwabizwa ngokuba yintswela-ngqesho efihlakeleyo, luhlobo lwentswela-ngqesho engabonakali kwiqondo lokungaphangeli elisemthethweni. Kubandakanya abantu abangaqeshwanga ngokwaneleyo, okuthetha ukuba basebenza ngaphantsi koko bafuna okanye bakufunayo, okanye basebenza kwimisebenzi engahambelaniyo nezakhono okanye iziqinisekiso zabo. Kukwabandakanya abantu abadimazekileyo, nto leyo ethetha ukuba bayekile ukufuna umsebenzi kuba becinga ukuba akukho msebenzi ulingana nomnqweno wabo. Ngokomzekelo, umfundi ophumelele ekholejini osebenza njengomgcini-mali kwivenkile enkulu kuba engafumani msebenzi kwizifundo zakhe.

Yintoni ukungaqeshwa ngokuzithandela nangokuzithandela?

Ukungaqeshwa ngokuzithandela kuxa abantu abakwaziyo ukusebenza bekhetha ukungasebenzi, nangona kukho imisebenzi efanelekileyo efumanekayo. Ukungaqeshwa ngokuzithandela kuxa abantu abakwaziyo nabazimiseleyo ukusebenza bengakwazi ukufumana imisebenzi, nangona bewufuna ngamandla umsebenzi.

Zeziphi ezi ntlobo zine zokungaqeshwa?

Olunye udidi lwentswela-ngqesho lwahlulwe lwaba ziindidi ezili-9:
Umjikelo wokungaqeshwa
Intswela-ngqesho engenamsebenzi
Ukungasebenzi kweZakhiwo
Ukungaqeshwa kwendalo
Ukungaqeshwa kwexesha elide
Intswela-ngqesho yexesha elithile
Intswela-ngqesho yamandulo.
Umsebenzi ongaphantsi.