Ubudala obugcweleyo bomhlala-phantsi bucacisiwe: Qala ukufunda ngoku ngekamva elingcono

Yeyiphi iminyaka iminyaka epheleleyo yomhlalaphantsi? Kwaye kutheni kufuneka uqaphele ukubaluleka kwayo kwisicwangciso somhlalaphantsi? 

Nokuba usekuqaleni kwekhondo lakho lomsebenzi okanye ucinga ngokulibazisa umhlala-phantsi, ukuqonda intsingiselo yobudala obupheleleyo bomhlalaphantsi kunye nefuthe lako kwizibonelelo zakho zomhlalaphantsi kubalulekile. Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga esi sihloko ukuze wenze izigqibo zibe lula malunga nexesha lokuthatha umhlalaphantsi kunye nendlela yokwandisa izibonelelo zakho zomhlalaphantsi.

Isiqulatho

• Amagqabantshintshi ngobudala obugcweleyo bomhlalaphantsi
• Ingaba Ubudala obugcweleyo bomhlalaphantsi buzichaphazela njani iiNzuzo zoKhuseleko lweNtlalo?
• Indlela yokwandisa iiNzuzo zakho zoMhlalaphantsi
• IItrakthi ezibalulekileyo
• Imibuzo ebuzwa qho

Amagqabantshintshi ngobudala obugcweleyo bomhlalaphantsi

Linini ixesha elipheleleyo lomhlalaphantsi kumntu owazalwa ngo-1957? Impendulo yiminyaka engama-66 kunye neenyanga ezi-6 ubudala.

Ubudala obupheleleyo bomhlalaphantsi, obukwabizwa ngokuba yi-FRA, eUnited States, bubudala apho umntu afaneleke ukufumana izibonelelo ezipheleleyo zomhlalaphantsi kuLawulo loKhuseleko lweNtlalo (SSA). 

Ubudala buhluka ngokuxhomekeka kunyaka wokuzalwa, kodwa kwabo bazalwa ngo-1960 okanye kamva, iminyaka epheleleyo yokuthatha umhlala-phantsi yi-67. Kwabo bazalwa ngaphambi kwe-1960, ubudala obupheleleyo bomhlalaphantsi bukhula ngeenyanga eziliqela ngonyaka. 

Ingaba Ubudala obugcweleyo bomhlalaphantsi buchaphazela njani izibonelelo zoKhuseleko lweNtlalo?

Ukuqonda iminyaka yakho epheleleyo yomhlalaphantsi kubalulekile kwisicwangciso sokuthatha umhlalaphantsi, njengoko kuchaphazela isixa sezibonelelo zenyanga zomhlalaphantsi onokuzifumana kuKhuseleko lweNtlalo.

Ukuba umntu ukhetha ukwenza ibango lezibonelelo zomhlalaphantsi zoKhuseleko lweNtlalo phambi kwe-FRA yakhe, isixa-mali sakhe senyanga siya kuthotywa. Ukuncitshiswa kubalwa ngokusekelwe kwinani leenyanga ngaphambi kokuba umntu afikelele kwi-FRA yakhe.

Umzekelo, ukuba i-FRA yakho inama-67 kwaye uqala ukufaka ibango leenzuzo ngama-62, inzuzo yakho yomhlalaphantsi iyakuthotywa ukuya kutsho kuma-30%. Kwelinye icala, ukulibazisa izibonelelo zakho zomhlala-phantsi ngaphaya kweminyaka yobudala yokuthatha umhlala-phantsi kunokubangela ukonyuka kwentlawulo yenyanga.

Ukuqonda ngcono, ungajonga le theyibhile ilandelayo:

Okanye ungasebenzisa i-Social Security Administration's (SSA) Isibali Sexesha Lomhlalaphantsi.

Indlela yokwandisa iiNzuzo zakho zoMhlalaphantsi

Ngokwandisa izibonelelo zakho zomhlalaphantsi, unokuba noxolo lwengqondo malunga nokuba nemali eyaneleyo yokuphila kamnandi kuyo yonke iminyaka yakho yomhlalaphantsi. 

Nazi ezinye iingcebiso zokwandisa izibonelelo zakho zomhlalaphantsi:

1. Sebenza iminyaka engama-35 ubuncinci

Izibonelelo zoKhuseleko lwezeNtlalo zomhlalaphantsi zibalwa ngokusekelwe kumvuzo wakho ophakathi kwiminyaka yakho ephezulu engama-35 yokusebenza. Ukuba ungaphantsi kweminyaka engama-35 yokusebenza, ubalo luya kubandakanya iminyaka enguziro womvuzo, nto leyo enokuthoba isixa sakho sebhenefithi.

2. Ukulibazisa ukwenza ibango lezibonelelo zomhlalaphantsi zoKhuseleko lweNtlalo

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, ukulibazisa izibonelelo zomhlalaphantsi zoKhuseleko lwezeNtlalo de kube semva kokufikelela kwiXesha eliPheleleyo lokuThatha umhlala-phantsi kunokukhokelela kwisixa-mali esiphezulu senyanga. Izibonelelo zinokunyuka ukuya kuthi ga kwi-8% ngonyaka ngamnye olibazisayo ngaphaya kweFRA yakho de ufikelele kwiminyaka engama-70. 

3. Yiba noCwangciso lomhlalaphantsi 

Ukuba uyalungiselela ucwangciso lomhlala-phantsi iinkqubo ezinokhetho lokugcina olunje nge-401(k) okanye i-IRA, yandisa iminikelo yakho. Ukwandisa iminikelo yakho kunokunyusa ukonga kwakho komhlalaphantsi kwaye kunokunciphisa umvuzo wakho orhafiswayo.

4. Qhubeka usebenza

Ukusebenza ngaphezulu kweminyaka yakho yokuThatha umhlala-phantsi kunokuphucula ukonga kwakho komhlalaphantsi kunye nezibonelelo zoKhuseleko lweNtlalo. 

Ukusebenza ngelixa ufumana izibonelelo zoKhuseleko lweNtlalo ngaphambi kwe-FRA yakho kunokunciphisa imali oyifumanayo ngenxa Uvavanyo lwemivuzo yomhlalaphantsi. 

Nangona kunjalo, emva kokuba ufezekise i-FRA yakho, izibonelelo zakho zomhlalaphantsi azisayi kuncitshiswa.

5. Cwangcisa iindleko zonyango kunye neemeko ezingxamisekileyo

Iindleko zokhathalelo lwempilo kunye neemeko ezingxamisekileyo zinokuba ziindleko ezibalulekileyo ngexesha lomhlalaphantsi. Ukucwangcisela iindleko zonyango kunye neemeko zikaxakeka emva kokuthatha umhlalaphantsi, gcina la manqaku alandelayo engqondweni:

• Qonda ukhuseleko lwakho lwezempilo.
• Cwangcisa ukhathalelo lwexesha elide kunye ne-inshurensi okanye ukubekela bucala imali yokuhlawula iindleko ezinokubakho zexesha elide.
• Yakha ingxowa-mali yexesha likaxakeka ukuze uhlawule iindleko ezingalindelekanga ezinokuvela. 
• Qwalasela i-akhawunti yokonga imali (HSA) ukuze ulondolozele iindleko zokhathalelo lwempilo ngexesha lomhlalaphantsi.
• Yikhathalele impilo yakho ngokutya ukutya okunempilo, ukwenza umthambo rhoqo, kwaye uhlale usexesheni ngezinto zokuthintela.

6. Fumana umcebisi wezezimali  

Ukwandisa izibonelelo zakho zomhlalaphantsi kufuna ukucwangciswa ngononophelo kunye nokuqwalasela iimeko zakho. Ukubonisana nomcebisi wezezimali kunokukunceda wenze isicwangciso somhlalaphantsi esiya kwandisa izibonelelo zakho kwaye siqinisekise ukhuseleko lwemali ngexesha lakho lomhlalaphantsi.

IItrakthi ezibalulekileyo 

Akukabikho kwangethuba (okanye emva kwexesha kakhulu) ukuba ufunde malunga neminyaka epheleleyo yomhlalaphantsi. Ukuqonda i-FRA yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokulungiselela ikamva lakho. Ukwazi ukuba ungalifaka nini ibango leenzuzo zoKhuseleko lweNtlalo kunye nendlela elichaphazela ngayo isixa senzuzo kunokukunceda wenze izigqibo ezizizo malunga nomhlalaphantsi wakho. 

Imibuzo ebuzwa qho

Okungakumbi kuMhlala-phantsi

• I-Social Security Calculator
• Iminqweno yomhlalaphantsi

Ref: Ulawulo loKhuseleko loLuntu (SSA)