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Uvavanyo loHlobo lobuNgqondo oluSebenzayo | Uvavanyo oluPhezulu lwasimahla ngo-2024

Imibuzo kunye neMidlalo

Leah Nguyen Nge-12 ka-Agasti, 2024 7 min funda

Ukwazi ukuba ukrelekrele kangakanani ngumbuzo omkhulu abantu abaninzi abanomdla ngawo. Ukwazi ukuba i-IQ yakho ikwinqanaba elifanayo nezandi zika-Einstein ezinomtsalane, akunjalo?

Iimvavanyo zohlobo lobukrelekrele aziphelelanga nje ukwanelisa umdla womntu, kodwa zikwasebenza njengesixhobo esihle sokwazi ngakumbi ngawe kunye nolangazelelo lwakho lwekhondo elifanelekileyo.

Kule blog, siya kukwazisa kwiimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo zobuntlola kunye nalapho unokuzenza khona.

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Yintoni Uvavanyo loHlobo lobuNgqondo?

Yintoni uhlobo olukrelekrele uvavanyo?
Yintoni uhlobo olukrelekrele uvavanyo?

Uhlobo lobukrelekrele yindlela yokuhlela imilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo okanye imimandla yesakhono sengqiqo kunye neenkqubo zengqondo, njengolwimi vs izakhono zendawo okanye ulwelo ngokuchasene nokuqiqa ngekristale. Akukho mvumelwano jikelele kwimodeli enye. Ezinye eziqhelekileyo ziquka:

  • Ithiyori kaGardner yeeNgqondo ezininzi- Isazi ngengqondo Howard gardnerKukho iintlobo ezininzi ezizimeleyo zobukrelekrele ezibandakanya iilwimi, ingqiqo-mathematika, indawo, umzimba-kinesthetic, umculo, umntu, intrapersonal, kunye nendalo.
  • Crystallised vs Intelligence Fluid-I-Crystallized intelligence isekwe kulwazi kwaye ibandakanya izakhono ezinjengokufunda, ukubhala, kunye nokucacisa izimvo. I-Fluid intelligence ibhekisa ekukwazini ukuqiqa kunye nokusombulula iingxaki kusetyenziswa iindlela ezintsha.
  • Ubukrelekrele boMvakalelo (EI)- I-EI ibhekisa ekukwazini ukuqaphela, ukuqonda, nokulawula iimvakalelo kunye nobudlelwane. Ibandakanya izakhono ezifana novelwano, ukuzazi, inkuthazo, kunye nezakhono zentlalo.
  • Umxinwa vs ubukrelekrele obuBanzi- Ubukrelekrele obumxinwa bubhekisa kubuchule bokuqonda obuthile obufana nesakhono sokuthetha okanye somhlaba. Ubukrelekrele obubanzi bubandakanya ubukrelekrele obumxinwa obuphindaphindiweyo kwaye bulinganiswa ngokubanzi ngovavanyo oluqhelekileyo lwe-IQ.
  • Uhlalutyo vs Ubukrelekrele boBuchule- Ubukrelekrele bohlalutyo bubandakanya ukuqiqa okunengqiqo, ukuchonga iipateni, kunye nokusombulula iingxaki ezichazwe kakuhle. Ubukrelekrele bokuyila bubhekisa ekuza nenoveli, iimbono eziguqukayo kunye nezisombululo.

Wonke umntu unomxube okhethekileyo wezi ntlobo zobuntlola, kunye namandla athile kunye nobuthathaka. Uvavanyo lulinganisa ezi ndawo ukubona ukuba sikrelekrele njani ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.

Iindidi ezisi-8 zoVavanyo loBukrelekrele (Mahala)

UGardner waxoxa ukuba uvavanyo lwe-IQ lwemveli lulinganisa kuphela ubuchule bolwimi kunye nengqiqo, kodwa hayi uluhlu olupheleleyo lobukrelekrele.

Ithiyori yakhe yanceda ukuguqula iimbono zobukrelekrele kude kumbono oqhelekileyo we-IQ ukuya kwinkcazo ebanzi, enganeno engqongqo eqonda imilinganiselo emininzi.

Ngokutsho kwakhe, kukho ubuncinane 8 iintlobo zobukrelekrele, kuquka:

#1. Ubukrelekrele bentetho/ yoLwimi

Uvavanyo lohlobo lobukrelekrele-uBukrelekrele bomlomo/koLwimi
Uvavanyo lohlobo lobukrelekrele -Ubukrelekrele bentetho/ yoLwimi

Ubukrelekrele bolwimi bubhekisa kubuchule bomntu bokusebenzisa ulwimi ngokufanelekileyo, ngokubhala nangokuthetha.

Abo bakrelekrele bolwimi olomeleleyo bahlala benezakhono zokufunda, ukubhala, ukuthetha nokubalisa amabali.

Bahlala becinga ngamagama kwaye banokuvakalisa iingcamango ezintsonkothileyo nezingabonakaliyo ngentetho nokubhala.

Imisebenzi ehambelana nobukrelekrele bolwimi ibandakanya ababhali, iimbongi, iintatheli, amagqwetha, izithethi, abezopolitiko, kunye nootitshala.

#2. Ubukrelekrele bokuQiqa/kweMathematika

Uvavanyo lohlobo lobuntlola-Ubukrelekrele bokuQiqa/kweMathematika
Uvavanyo lohlobo lobukrelekrele -Ubukrelekrele bokuQiqa/kweMathematika

Ubukrelekrele bengqiqo/izibalo kukukwazi ukusebenzisa ingqiqo, amanani, kunye nokuthabatha ukusombulula iingxaki nokuchonga iipateni.

Ibandakanya izakhono eziphakamileyo zokuqiqa kunye namandla okunciphisa kunye nokucinga okusebenzayo.

IMathematika, iiphazili zengqiqo, iikhowudi, ukuqiqa kwenzululwazi kunye novavanyo luza ngokuzenzekelayo kubo.

Imisebenzi efuna kwaye idlale kobu bulumko ibandakanya izazinzulu, iingcali zezibalo, iinjineli, abacwangcisi bekhompyutha, kunye namanani.

#3. Ubukrelekrele obuBonakalayo/ beNdawo

Uvavanyo lohlobo lobuntlola-Ubukrelekrele obuBonakalayo/beSithuba
Uvavanyo lohlobo lobukrelekrele -Ubukrelekrele obuBonakalayo/ beNdawo

Ubukrelekrele obubonwayo/ngesithuba bubhekisa ekukwazini ukubona izinto kunye nomfanekiso ngqondweni wendlela izinto ezidibana ngayo ngokwesithuba.

Ibandakanya ubuntununtunu kumbala, kumgca, kwimilo, kwimo, kwisithuba kunye nonxulumano phakathi kwezakhi.

Bayakwazi ukubona ngokuchanekileyo nangengqondo ukubonakaliswa kwe-2D / 3D.

Amakhondo afanelekileyo kobu bulumko kukwakha, uyilo lwangaphakathi, ubunjineli, uphando lwenzululwazi, ubugcisa, kunye nokuhamba.

#4. Ubukrelekrele boMculo

Uvavanyo lohlobo lobuntlola-Ubukrelekrele boMculo
Uvavanyo lohlobo lobukrelekrele -Ubukrelekrele boMculo

Ubukrelekrele bomculo bubhekisa kumandla okuqonda kunye nokuqamba iingoma zomculo, iithowuni kunye nezingqisho.

Ibandakanya ubuntununtunu kwisandi somculo, isingqisho, itimbre kunye neemvakalelo kumculo.

Banoluvo oluhle lomculo, isingqi kunye nemvisiswano nangaphandle koqeqesho olusesikweni.

Imisebenzi ehambelana nobu bulumko ibandakanya iimvumi, iimvumi, ababhexeshi, abavelisi bomculo, kunye nee-DJs.

#5. Ubukrelekrele beBodily/Kinesthetic

Uvavanyo lohlobo lobukrelekrele-Bodily/Kinesthetic Intelligence
Uvavanyo lohlobo lobukrelekrele -Ubukrelekrele beBodily/Kinesthetic

Abantu abanolu hlobo lobukrelekrele balungile ekusebenziseni imizimba yabo, ibhalansi, izakhono zemoto kunye nokulungelelaniswa kwamehlo.

Ibandakanya izakhono ezifana nobuchwephesha bomzimba, ulungelelwaniso, ukuguquguquka, ukushukuma okukhawulezileyo kunye nobuchule bokushukuma komzimba.

Abo banobu bulumko bafunda ngcono ngamava omzimba kunye nemisebenzi eyenziwa ngezandla.

Amakhondo afanelekileyo kobu bulumko ziimbaleki, abadanisi, abadlali beqonga, oogqirha botyando, iinjineli, amagcisa.

#6. Interpersonal Intelligence

Intelligence uhlobo uvavanyo-Interpersonal Intelligence
Uvavanyo lohlobo lobukrelekrele -Ubukrelekrele boLuntu

Ubukrelekrele phakathi kwabantu bubhekisa kumandla okuqonda nokusebenzisana ngokufanelekileyo nabanye.

Abantu abakrelekrele phakathi kwabantu banomdla kwimbonakalo yobuso, amazwi kunye nezimbo zomzimba zabanye ezidityaniswe nokukwazi ukubonisa uvelwano.

Amakhondo alungele ubukrelekrele baphakathi kwabantu abandakanya ukufundisa, ukucebisa, izibonelelo zabasebenzi, ukuthengisa, kunye neendima zobunkokeli.

#7. Intelligence yangaphakathi

Intelligence uhlobo uvavanyo-Intrapersonal Intelligence
Uvavanyo lohlobo lobukrelekrele -Ubukrelekrele boMntu

Ukuba unobuchule obukhulu bokuqonda wena kunye neengcinga zakho, iimvakalelo kunye neepatheni zokuziphatha, unobukrelekrele obuphezulu bomntu.

Abo banezakhono eziphuhlisiweyo zangaphakathi bayawazi amandla abo, ubuthathaka, iinkolelo kunye nezinto eziphambili.

Banengqiqo malunga neemeko zabo zangaphakathi, iimvakalelo kunye nendlela abanokuyichaphazela ngayo indlela yokuziphatha.

Amakhondo afanelekileyo abandakanya unyango, uqeqesho, abefundisi, ukubhala kunye nezinye iindlela ezizikhokelayo.

#8. Ubukrelekrele bendalo

Uvavanyo lohlobo lobuntlola - Ubukrelekrele bendalo
Uvavanyo lohlobo lobukrelekrele -Ubukrelekrele bendalo

Abantu abanolu hlobo lobukrelekrele banokubona kwaye bahlele izinto zendalo njengezityalo, izilwanyana kunye neepatheni zemozulu.

Oku kuquka ukuqaphela umahluko kwiintlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana, imbonakalo yomhlaba, kunye nokutshintsha kwamaxesha onyaka okanye kwemozulu.

Ngelixa ixhaphakile kubantu abachitha ixesha ngaphandle, isakhono sezendalo sinokusebenza nasekuhleleni iindawo zesiphekepheke, imithambo okanye izehlo zemozulu.

Ezinye iimvavanyo zoHlobo lobuNgqondo

Olunye uhlobo lovavanyo lobukrelekrele
Olunye uhlobo lovavanyo lobukrelekrele

Uyazibuza ukuba loluphi uhlobo lovavanyo oluluncedo ukuvavanya amandla akho engqondo? Olunye uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo lwengqondo ngaphandle kweGardner lubandakanya:

• Iimvavanyo ze-IQ (umz. i-WAIS, i-Stanford-Binet) - Ilinganisa izakhono ezibanzi zokuqonda kunye nokwabela i-intelligence quotient (IQ) amanqaku. Uvavanya izakhono zokuqiqa ezithethwayo, ezingathethwayo, nezingabonakaliyo.

• I-EQ-i 2.0 - Umlinganiselo we-Emotional Intelligence (EI) evavanya izakhono kwi-self-perception, self-expression, izakhono zokusebenzisana nabanye, ukwenza izigqibo kunye nokulawula uxinzelelo.

• IiMatriki eziPhambili zeRaven-Uvavanyo lokuqiqa olungathethwayo olufuna ukuchonga iipateni kunye nokugqitywa kothotho. Ilinganisa ubukrelekrele bolwelo.

• Iimvavanyo zeTorrance yokuCinga kweNgcinga - Vavanya izakhono ezifana nokutyibilika, ukuguquguquka, imvelaphi, kunye nokucacisa ukusombulula iingxaki. Isetyenziselwa ukuchonga amandla okudala.

• Uvavanyo olufutshane lwe-Kaufman Intelligence, uHlelo lweSibini (KBIT-2) - Uvavanyo olufutshane lobukrelekrele ngamanqaku athethwayo, angathethwayo kunye ne-IQ ehlanganisiweyo.

• Uvavanyo lwe-Wechsler Individual Achievement (WIAT) - Vavanya iinkalo zempumelelo ezifana nokufunda, izibalo, ukubhala kunye nezakhono zolwimi lomlomo.

• UVavanyo lwe-Woodcock-Johnson IV lwaMakhono okuqonda-Ibhetri ebanzi evavanya izakhono zokuqonda ezibanzi nezimxinwa ngovavanyo lomlomo, olungathethwayo kunye nenkumbulo.

IItrakthi ezibalulekileyo

Iimvavanyo zohlobo lobukrelekrele zilungile ekuchongeni amandla kwiindawo ezithile ezifana nezibalo okanye ukuthetha ngelixa iimvavanyo ze-IQ ziqikelela amandla okuqonda ngokubanzi. I-Smart iza kwiincasa ezininzi kwaye iimvavanyo ziyatshintsha njengoko ukhula. Qhubeka ucela umngeni kwaye izakhono zakho ziya kukumangalisa ngexesha.

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Imibuzo ebuzwa qho

Zeziphi ezi 9 iintlobo zobukrelekrele?

Iindidi ezisi-8 zokuqala zachazwa nguHoward Gardner kwaye zibandakanya ubukrelekrele bolwimi obunxulumene nezakhono zolwimi, ubukrelekrele bezibalo-zemathematika obubandakanya ingqiqo kunye nobuchule bokuqiqa, ubukrelekrele besithuba ngokunxulumene nembono yokubonwa kwendawo, ubukrelekrele bomzimba-kinesthetic obunxulunyaniswa nolungelelwaniso lomzimba, ubukrelekrele bomculo isingqisho kunye nesandi somsindo, ulwazi phakathi kwabantu malunga nokwazisa uluntu, ubukrelekrele bangaphakathi komntu malunga nokuzazi, kunye nobukrelekrele bendalo obunxulumene nendalo esingqongileyo. Ezinye iimodeli zandisa umsebenzi kaGardner ngokubandakanya ubukrelekrele obukhoyo njengesizinda se-9.

Yeyiphi eyona MBTI ikrelekrele?

Akukho luhlobo luqinisekileyo "olona lukrelekrele kakhulu" lweMyers-Briggs (MBTI), njengoko ubukrelekrele buntsokothile kwaye bunamacala amaninzi. Nangona kunjalo, naluphi na uhlobo lunokufikelela kwisakhono esibalulekileyo sobukrelekrele ngokuxhomekeke kumava obomi kunye nophuhliso lwendalo yabo. I-IQ ayigqitywanga ngokupheleleyo ngobuntu bodwa.