Xa ishiywe ingaqwalaselwanga, uxinzelelo olungapheliyo lunokuba nefuthe elibi kwimpilo yakho, ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo. Ukuchonga inqanaba loxinzelelo kunceda ukukhokela inkqubo yokulawula ngokunika iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokunceda. Nje ukuba inqanaba loxinzelelo limiselwe, unokwenza izicwangciso zokuhlangabezana neemfuno zakho ezithile, uqinisekise ulawulo olusebenzayo loxinzelelo.
Gqibezela uvavanyo lwenqanaba loxinzelelo olungezantsi ukucwangcisa indlela yakho elandelayo.
Uluhlu Yemixholo
- Yintoni uVavanyo lweNqanaba loxinzelelo?
- Isikali soxinzelelo olubonwayo (PSS)
- UVavanyo lweNqanaba lokuziVavanya loxinzelelo usebenzisa i-PSS
Yintoni uVavanyo lweNqanaba loxinzelelo?
Uvavanyo lwenqanaba loxinzelelo sisixhobo okanye i-questionnaire eyenzelwe ukuvavanya ubungakanani boxinzelelo umntu ajongene nalo ngoku. Isetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ubungakanani boxinzelelo lomntu, ukuchonga imithombo ephambili yoxinzelelo, kunye nokuqonda indlela uxinzelelo oluchaphazela ngayo ubomi bomntu bemihla ngemihla kunye nempilo yonke.
Nantsi imiba ephambili yovavanyo loxinzelelo:
- format: Olu mvavanyo luhlala luqulathe uluhlu lwemibuzo okanye iingxelo ezithi abaphenduli baphendule okanye bareyithe ngokusekelwe kumava abo akutshanje. Ifomathi inokwahluka ukusuka kwikhweshine ukuya kuphando olubanzi.
- umxholo: Imibuzo idla ngokugubungela imiba eyahlukeneyo yobomi, kuquka umsebenzi, ubudlelwane bomntu, impilo, kunye neendlela zemihla ngemihla. Basenokubuza ngeempawu zomzimba zoxinzelelo (njengentloko ebuhlungu okanye iingxaki zokulala), imiqondiso yeemvakalelo (njengokuziva ucinezelekile okanye uxhalabile), kunye nezalathisi zokuziphatha (njengokutshintsha kwindlela yokutya okanye yokulala).
- Ukulinganisa: Iimpendulo zidla ngokufumana amanqaku ngendlela yokulinganisa amanqanaba oxinzelelo. Oku kunokubandakanya isikali samanani okanye inkqubo eyahlula uxinzelelo kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo, afana nephantsi, imodareyitha, okanye uxinzelelo oluphezulu.
- Injongo: Eyona njongo iphambili kukunceda abantu baqonde inqanaba loxinzelelo abanalo ngoku. Oku kuqonda kubalulekile ekuthatheni amanyathelo okulawula uxinzelelo ngokufanelekileyo. Isenokuba yindawo yokuqala yeengxoxo kunye nabasebenzi bezempilo okanye abanyangi.
- izicelo: Uvavanyo lweNqanaba loxinzelelo lusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya ukhathalelo lwempilo, iingcebiso, iinkqubo zempilo kwindawo yokusebenza, kunye nokuzivavanya.
Isikali soxinzelelo olubonwayo (PSS)
The I-Stress Scale Scale (PSS) sisixhobo sezengqondo esisetyenziswa kakhulu sokulinganisa imbono yoxinzelelo. Yaphuhliswa ngoogqirha bengqondo uSheldon Cohen, uTom Kamarck, noRobin Mermelstein ekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo-1980. I-PSS yenzelwe ukuvavanya inqanaba apho iimeko zobomi bomntu zithathwa njengezinoxinzelelo.
Iimpawu eziphambili zePSS
I-PSS ibandakanya uthotho lwemibuzo (izinto) malunga neemvakalelo kunye neengcinga kwinyanga ephelileyo. Abaphendulayo balinganisela into nganye kwisikali (umzekelo, i-0 = ingaze ibe yi-4 = rhoqo kakhulu), ngamanqaku aphezulu abonisa uxinzelelo olubonakalayo oluphezulu. Kukho iinguqulelo ezininzi zePSS ezinamanani ahlukeneyo ezinto. Eyona nto ixhaphakileyo yi-14-item, 10-item, kunye ne-4-item scales.
Ngokungafaniyo nezinye izixhobo ezilinganisa izinto ezithile zoxinzelelo, i-PSS ilinganisa inqanaba apho abantu bakholelwa ukuba ubomi babo bebungacingelwanga, bungalawuleki, kwaye bugcwele kakhulu. Isikali sibandakanya imibuzo malunga neemvakalelo zovalo, amanqanaba okucaphuka, ukuzithemba ekusingatheni iingxaki zomntu, iimvakalelo zokuba ngaphezulu kwezinto, kunye nokukwazi ukulawula ukucaphuka ebomini.
izicelo
I-PSS isetyenziselwa uphando ukuqonda ubudlelwane phakathi koxinzelelo kunye neziphumo zempilo. Ikwasetyenziswa ngokweklinikhi ukukhangela kunye nokulinganisa amanqanaba oxinzelelo lwesicwangciso sonyango.
- Uphando lwezeMpilo: I-PSS inceda ekufundeni ikhonkco phakathi koxinzelelo kunye nempilo yomzimba, njengesifo sentliziyo, okanye imiba yempilo yengqondo, efana nokuxhalaba kunye nokudakumba.
- Ukuphonononga iinguqu zoBomi: Isetyenziselwa ukuvavanya indlela utshintsho kwiimeko zobomi, ezifana nomsebenzi omtsha okanye ukulahlekelwa ngumntu omthandayo, kuchaphazela inqanaba loxinzelelo lomntu.
- Ukulinganisa Uxinzelelo Ngokuhamba kwexesha: I-PSS ingasetyenziselwa ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo ukulinganisa utshintsho kumanqanaba oxinzelelo ngexesha.
Imida
I-PSS ilinganisa ingqiqo yoxinzelelo, exhomekeke ngokwendalo. Abantu abahlukeneyo banokuyibona imeko efanayo ngendlela eyahlukileyo, yaye indlela abasabela ngayo inokuphenjelelwa sisimo sengqondo sobuqu, amava exesha elidluleyo namandla okumelana nawo. Oku kuxhomekeka kunokwenza kube nzima ukuthelekisa amanqanaba oxinzelelo kubantu abahlukeneyo ngokuchanekileyo.
Umlinganiselo awunakuchaza ngokwaneleyo ukungafani kwenkcubeko kwindlela uxinzelelo olubonwa ngayo kwaye lubonakaliswe ngayo. Yintoni ethathwa njengoxinzelelo okanye indlela uxinzelelo oluxelwa ngayo lunokwahluka kakhulu phakathi kweenkcubeko, ezinokuchaphazela ukuchaneka kwesikali kubantu abahlukeneyo.
UVavanyo lweNqanaba lokuziVavanya loxinzelelo usebenzisa i-PSS
Thatha olu vavanyo loxinzelelo lwenqanaba ukuvavanya amanqanaba oxinzelelo lwakho.
Indlela
Kwingxelo nganye, bonisa ukuba ukhe waziva okanye ucinga ngendlela ethile kangakanani na kwinyanga ephelileyo. Sebenzisa isikali silandelayo:
- 0 = Nakanye
- 1 = Phantse azange
- 2 = Ngamanye amaxesha
- 3 = Ngokufanelekileyo Rhoqo
- 4 = Rhoqo kakhulu
Iingxelo
Kule nyanga iphelileyo, ufumene kangaphi...
- ucatshukiswe yinto eyenzekileyo ungalindelanga?
- Ngaba uvakalelwa kukuba akukwazi ukulawula izinto ezibalulekileyo ebomini bakho?
- waziva enovalo noxinzelelo?
- Ngaba uziva uzithembile ngokukwazi kwakho ukusingatha iingxaki zakho zobuqu?
- waziva ngathi izinto zihamba ngendlela yakho?
- wafumanisa ukuba awukwazi ukuhlangabezana nazo zonke izinto ekwakufuneka uzenze?
- ukwazile ukulawula izinto ezicaphukisayo ebomini bakho?
- waziva ngathi uphezu kwezinto?
- Ucatshukiswe zizinto obungaphandle kolawulo lwakho?
- Uziva ubunzima bufumba phezulu kangangokuba awunako ukuboyisa?
Ukulinganisa
Ukubala amanqaku akho kuvavanyo loxinzelelo lwenqanaba, dibanisa amanani ahambelana neempendulo zakho kwinto nganye.
Ukutolika inqaku lakho:
- 0-13: Uxinzelelo olubonakalayo oluphantsi.
- 14-26: Uxinzelelo olubonakalayo oluphakathi. Usenokuziva ucinezelekile ngamanye amaxesha kodwa jikelele ulawule uxinzelelo kakuhle.
- 27-40: Uxinzelelo oluphezulu olubonwayo. Uhlala ufumana uxinzelelo olunokuthi lube nefuthe kubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla.
Inqanaba elifanelekileyo loxinzelelo
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ukuba noxinzelelo oluthile kuyinto eqhelekileyo kwaye kunokuba luncedo, njengoko kunokukhuthaza nokuphucula ukusebenza. Nangona kunjalo, inqanaba elifanelekileyo loxinzelelo liphakathi, phakathi kwe-0 ukuya kuma-26, apho lingagqithisi amandla akho okumelana. Amanqanaba aphezulu oxinzelelo oluqikelelwayo anokufuna ingqwalasela kwaye kunokwenzeka ukuphuhliswa kwezicwangciso ezingcono zokulawula uxinzelelo okanye ukufuna uncedo lwengcali.
Ngaba Olu vavanyo Luchanekile?
Olu vavanyo lunikeza ingcamango jikelele yenqanaba lakho loxinzelelo kwaye akusiyo isixhobo sokuxilonga. Yenzelwe ukukunika iziphumo ezirhabaxa ezibonisa indlela oxinezeleke ngayo. Ayibonisi ukuba amanqanaba oxinzelelo ayichaphazela njani impilo yakho.
Ukuba uxinzelelo lwakho luziva lungalawuleki, kusoloko kungcono ukudibana nengcali yezempilo.
Ngubani oMakaluthathe olu Vavanyo?
Olu phando lufutshane lwenzelwe abantu abafuna ukuqonda ngokucacileyo amanqanaba oxinzelelo lwangoku ngexesha lovavanyo.
Imibuzo ebuzwe kolu luhlu lwemibuzo yenzelwe ukukunceda ekuqondeni ubukhulu boxinzelelo lwakho kunye nokuvavanya ukuba kukho imfuneko yokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwakho okanye ukuqwalasela uncedo lwezempilo okanye ingcali yempilo yengqondo.
Ukuqhawula phezulu
Uvavanyo loxinzelelo lwenqanaba lunokuba yinto ebalulekileyo kwisixhobo sakho sokulawula uxinzelelo. Ukulinganisa kunye nokuhlela uxinzelelo lwakho kunika isiqalo esicacileyo sokujongana nokulawula uxinzelelo lwakho ngokufanelekileyo. Ukuqonda okufunyenwe kuvavanyo olunjalo kunokukukhokela ekuphumezeni amacebo athile alungiselelwe iimfuno zakho.
Ukubandakanya uvavanyo loxinzelelo lwenqanaba kwindlela yakho, ecaleni kwesinye izenzo zempilo, idala indlela ebanzi yokulawula uxinzelelo. Ngumlinganiselo osebenzayo ongancediyo kuphela ekudambiseni uxinzelelo lwangoku kodwa nasekwakheni ukomelela ngokuchasene noxinzelelo lwexesha elizayo. Khumbula, ulawulo loxinzelelo olusebenzayo ayingomsebenzi wexesha elinye, kodwa yinkqubo eqhubekayo yokuzazi kunye nokuziqhelanisa nemingeni eyohlukeneyo yobomi kunye neemfuno.
