UkuFunda okuSekwe kwiQela | IsiKhokelo esiBanzi sokuFundisa

Ukufunda okusekwe kwiqela(i-TBL) ibe yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yemfundo yanamhlanje. Ikhuthaza abafundi ukuba basebenzisane, babelane ngezimvo, kwaye basombulule iingxaki ngokudibeneyo.

Kwesi sithuba sebhlog, siza kujonga ukuba yeyiphi na inkqubo yokufunda esekwe kwiqela, yintoni eyenza ukuba isebenze kangaka, nini kwaye kuphi ukusebenzisa i-TBL, kunye neengcebiso ezisebenzayo malunga nendlela yokudibanisa kwizicwangciso zakho zokufundisa. 

Isiqulatho 

• Yintoni isiFundo esiSekwe kwiQela?
• Kutheni le nto iQela eliSekelwe kwiMfundo iFaneka?
• Ingasetyenziswa nini kwaye phi iNgcaciso yeQela?
• Indlela yokudibanisa iQela eliSekeke kwiSifundo kwiziCwangciso zokuFundisa?
• Imizekelo yeSiseko seQela lokuFunda 
• IItrakthi ezibalulekileyo 
• Imibuzo ebuzwa qho

Iingcebiso zokuthethana ngcono

• IziCwangciso zokuFunda eziSebenzayo
• Ukudlala indima
• Yintoni iPeer Mentoring
• ULawulo lweQela eliSebenzayo eliDibeneyo
• Imizekelo yeqela labaphathi
• Yintoni i-Team Engagement?

Yintoni isiFundo esiSekwe kwiQela?

UkuFunda okuSekwe kwiQela kudla ngokusetyenziswa kwiiyunivesithi nakwiikholeji, kubandakanywa ishishini, ukhathalelo lwempilo, ubunjineli, isayensi yezentlalo, kunye noluntu, ukukhuthaza ukuzibandakanya kwabafundi kunye nokucinga okunzulu, kunye nokudibanisa. I-DAM yemfundoilungisa le nkqubo ngokuvumela abafundisi-ntsapho nabafundi ukuba balawule lula, babelane, kwaye basebenzise ii-asethi zedijithali ngokufanelekileyo, bekhuthaza imeko-bume yokufunda enentsebenziswano nesebenzisanayo.

I-Team Based Learning sisicwangciso sokufundisa esisebenzayo kunye neqela elincinci elibandakanya ukulungelelanisa abafundi babe ngamaqela (abafundi aba-5 - 7 kwiqela ngalinye) ukuze basebenze kunye kwimisebenzi eyahlukeneyo kunye nemingeni. 

Eyona njongo iphambili ye-TBL kukuphucula amava okufunda ngokukhuthaza ukucinga okunzulu, ukusombulula iingxaki, intsebenziswano, kunye nezakhono zonxibelelwano phakathi kwabafundi.

Kwi-TBL, iqela ngalinye labafundi libonelelwa ngamathuba okuzibandakanya nemathiriyeli yezifundo ngolandelelwano olucwangcisiweyo lwemisebenzi. Le misebenzi ihlala ibandakanya:

• Ukufundwa kwangaphambili kweklasi okanye izabelo
• Iimvavanyo zomntu ngamnye
• Iingxoxo zeqela 
• Iinkqubo zokusombulula iingxaki
• Ukuphononongwa koontanga

Kutheni le nto iQela eliSekelwe kwiMfundo iFaneka?

Ukufunda okusekwe kwiqela kungqineke kuyindlela esebenzayo yokufundisa ngenxa yezinto ezininzi ezibalulekileyo. Nazi ezinye iinzuzo zokufunda ezisekelwe kwiqela eliqhelekileyo: 

• Ibandakanya abafundi ngenkuthalo kwinkqubo yokufunda, ukukhuthaza amanqanaba aphezulu okubandakanyeka kunye nokusebenzisana xa kuthelekiswa neendlela eziqhelekileyo ezisekelwe kwintetho.
• Ikhuthaza abafundi ukuba bacinge nzulu, bahlalutye ulwazi, kwaye bafikelele kwizigqibo ezinolwazi ngeengxoxo zentsebenziswano kunye nemisebenzi yokusombulula iingxaki.
• Ukusebenza ngamaqela kwi-Team Based Learning kukhulisa izakhono ezibalulekileyo njengentsebenziswano, unxibelelwano olusebenzayo, kunye nokuxhamla amandla adityanisiweyo, ukulungiselela abafundi kwiindawo zokusebenza ezisebenzisanayo.
• I-TBL ihlala ibandakanya iimeko zehlabathi zokwenyani kunye nezifundo zeziganeko, ukuvumela abafundi ukuba basebenzise ulwazi lwethiyori kwiimeko eziphathekayo, kunye nokomeleza ukuqonda nokugcina.
• Ifaka imvakalelo yokuphendula kunye noxanduva phakathi kwabafundiukulungiselela zombini umntu kunye negalelo elibonakalayo kwiqela, igalelo kwimeko-bume yokufunda eyakhayo.

Ingasetyenziswa nini kwaye phi iNgcaciso yeQela?

1/ Amaziko eMfundo ePhakamileyo:

I-Team Based Learning idla ngokusetyenziswa kwiiyunivesithi nakwiikholeji, kubandakanywa ishishini, inkathalo yezempilo, ubunjineli, isayensi yezentlalo, kunye noluntu, ukukhuthaza ukuzibandakanya kwabafundi kunye nokucinga okunzulu.

2/ K-12 Imfundo (iZikolo eziPhakamileyo):

Ootitshala kwizikolo eziphakamileyo banokusebenzisa i-TBL ukukhuthaza ukusebenzisana, ukucinga nzulu, kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba okubonakalayo phakathi kwabafundi, ukubanceda ukuba babambe iikhonsepthi ezinzima ngeengxoxo zamaqela kunye nemisebenzi yokusombulula iingxaki.

3/ Amaqonga okuFunda kwi-Intanethi:

I-TBL inokulungelelaniswa kwiikhosi ze-intanethi, zisebenzisa izixhobo zentsebenziswano ezibonakalayo kunye neeforam zengxoxo ukuququzelela imisebenzi yeqela kunye nokufunda koontanga nakwimeko yedijithali.

4/ Imodeli yeKlasi eJingiwe:

I-TBL izalisekisa imodeli yegumbi lokufundela, apho abafundi baqala bafunde umxholo ngokuzimeleyo baze emva koko bazibandakanye kwimisebenzi yentsebenziswano, iingxoxo, kunye nokusetyenziswa kolwazi eklasini.

5/ Iiklasi zezifundo ezinkulu:

Kwizifundo ezinkulu ezisekelwe kwizifundo, i-TBL ingasetyenziselwa ukwahlula abafundi babe ngamaqela amancinci, ukukhuthaza intsebenziswano yoontanga, ukuzibandakanya okusebenzayo, kunye nokuphucula ukuqonda kwemathiriyeli.

Indlela yokudibanisa iQela eliSekeke kwiSifundo kwiziCwangciso zokuFundisa?

Ukuhlanganisa ngempumelelo iTeam-Based Learning (TBL) kwizicwangciso zakho zokufundisa, landela la manyathelo:

1/ Qala ngokukhetha imisebenzi efanelekileyo:

Imisebenzi oyikhethayo iya kuxhomekeka kumxholo kunye neenjongo zesifundo. Eminye imisebenzi eqhelekileyo ye-TBL iquka:

• Iimvavanyo zoqinisekiso lokulungela komntu ngamnye (RATs): IiRAT yimibuzo emifutshane abafundi abayithatha phambi kwesifundo ukuvavanya ukuqonda kwabo imathiriyeli.
• Iqela lemibuzo: Iikhwizi zamaqela ziikhwizi ezihleliweyo ezithathwa ngamaqela abafundi.
• Intsebenziswano kunye neengxoxo:Abafundi basebenza kunye ukuze baxubushe umbandela kunye nokucombulula iingxaki.
• Ukubika: Amaqela anikezela ngeziphumo zawo eklasini.
• Uvandlakanyo lwabalingane:Abafundi bavavanya umsebenzi womnye.

2/ Qinisekisa amalungiselelo omfundi:

Phambi kokuba uqale ukusebenzisa i-TBL, qiniseka ukuba abafundi bayakuqonda okulindelweyo kunye nendlela imisebenzi eza kusebenza ngayo. Oku kusenokuquka ukubanika imiyalelo, ukwenza umzekelo wemisebenzi, okanye ukubanika umthambo wokuziqhelanisa.

3/ Nika ingxelo:

Kubalulekile ukunika abafundi ingxelo ngomsebenzi wabo kuyo yonke inkqubo ye-TBL. Oku kunokwenziwa ngeeRAT, iikhwizi zamaqela, novavanyo lwabalingane. 

Ingxelo inokunceda abafundi bachonge iindawo ekufuneka bephucule kuzo kwaye bafunde ngokufanelekileyo.

4/ Hlala ubhetyebhetye:

Isifundo esiSekwe kwiQela siyaguquguquka. Linga ngemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo kunye neendlela zokufumana eyona nto ifanele abafundi bakho kwaye ifanele indawo yokufunda.

5/ Funa isikhokelo:

Ukuba umtsha kwi-TBL, funa uncedo kootishala abanamava, funda nge-TBL, okanye uye kwiindibano zocweyo. Kukho ubutyebi bezinto zokukukhokela.

6/ Dibanisa nezinye iindlela:

Dibanisa i-TBL kunye neentetho, iingxoxo, okanye umthambo wokusombulula iingxaki ukuze ufumane amava okufunda apheleleyo.

7/ Yenza amaqela ahlukeneyo:

Yenza amaqela anomxube wezakhono kunye namava (amaqela ahlukeneyo). Oku kukhuthaza intsebenziswano kwaye kuqinisekisa ukuba bonke abafundi banegalelo ngokufanelekileyo.

8/ Beka ngokucacileyo ulindelo:

Ukuseka izikhokelo ezicacileyo kunye nokulindelweyo ekuqaleni kwenkqubo ye-TBL ukunceda abafundi baqonde indima yabo kunye nendlela imisebenzi eya kwenzeka ngayo.

9/ Yiba nomonde:

Qonda ukuba kuthatha ixesha ukuba abafundi baziqhelanise ne-TBL. Yiba nomonde kwaye ubaxhase njengoko befunda ukusebenzisana kunye nokwenza imisebenzi.

Imizekelo yeSiseko seQela lokuFunda 

Umzekelo: KwiKlasi yezeNzululwazi

• Abafundi bahlulwe babe ngamaqela oyilo lovavanyo kunye nokuziphatha.
• Emva koko bafunda imathiriyeli abayabelweyo kwaye bagqibezele uvavanyo loQinisekiso lokuLungela (RAT).
• Emva koko, bayasebenzisana ukuyila umfuniselo, ukuqokelela idatha, kunye nokuhlalutya iziphumo.
• Ekugqibeleni, banikezela ngeziphumo zabo eklasini.

Umzekelo: Iklasi yeMathematika

• Abafundi bahlulwe babe ngamaqela ukusombulula ingxaki entsonkothileyo.
• Emva koko bafunda imathiriyeli abayabelweyo kwaye bagqibezele uvavanyo loQinisekiso lokuLungela (RAT).
• Emva koko, bayasebenzisana ukuze bacinge ngezicombululo zale ngxaki.
• Ekugqibeleni, banikezela ngezisombululo zabo eklasini.

Umzekelo: Iklasi yoShishino

• Abafundi bahlulahlulwe bangamaqela ukuphuhlisa isicwangciso sokuthengisa imveliso entsha.
• Bafunda imathiriyeli abayabelweyo kwaye bagqibezele uvavanyo loQinisekiso lokuLungela (RAT).
• Emva koko, bayasebenzisana ukuphanda imarike, bachonge abathengi ekujoliswe kubo, kwaye baphuhlise isicwangciso sokuthengisa.
• Ekugqibeleni, bachaza isicwangciso sabo eklasini.

Umzekelo: Isikolo se-K-12

• Abafundi bohlulwa babe ngamaqela ukuze benze uphando ngesiganeko sembali.
• Bafunda imathiriyeli abayabelweyo kwaye bagqibezele uvavanyo loQinisekiso lokuLungela (RAT).
• Emva koko, basebenza kunye ukuqokelela ulwazi malunga nesiganeko, benze umda wexesha, kwaye babhale ingxelo.
• Ekugqibeleni, banikela ingxelo yabo eklasini.

IItrakthi ezibalulekileyo

Ngokukhuthaza intatho-nxaxheba esebenzayo kunye nokusebenzisana koontanga, ukufunda okusekwe kwiqela kudala imeko yemfundo ebandakanyayo edlula iindlela zemveli ezisekelwe kwizifundo.

Ukwengeza, IAhaSlidesinokukunceda uphucule amava e-TBL. Abafundisi-ntsapho banokusebenzisa iimpawu zayo ekuqhubeni Imibuzo, ukuvota, yaye Ilifu lelizwi, eyenza inkqubo ye-TBL etyetyisiweyo ehambelana neemfuno zokufunda zangoku. Ukubandakanya i-AhaSlides kwi-TBL ayikhuthazi nje kuphela ukuzibandakanya kwabafundi kodwa ikwavumela ukufundisa ngobuchule kunye nokunxibelelana, ekugqibeleni kwandisa izibonelelo zesi sicwangciso sinamandla semfundo.

Imibuzo ebuzwa qho

Ref: Feedback Fruits | IYunivesithi yaseVanderbilt