Indlela ye-Agile ifumene ukuthandwa okubonakalayo kuphuhliso lwesoftware ngenxa yendlela yayo ebhetyebhetye kunye nephindaphindayo. Ngokwahluka kwezakhelo kunye nezenzo, indlela ye-Agile inikezela ngendlela eyahlukileyo yokulawula iiprojekthi xa kuthelekiswa neendlela zemveli zamanzi.
Ukuba awufuni umntu okhuphisana naye akushiye ngasemva, ukwamkela indlela ye-Agile kulawulo lweprojekthi inokuba yindlela entle kakhulu yokuhlala uphambili kwihlabathi lanamhlanje elikhawulezayo leshishini. Kodwa ngaphambi koko, kubalulekile ukufumana imbono enzulu kwihlabathi lendlela ye-Agile. Makhe sijonge ezinye izinto eziphambili malunga nendlela ye-Agile ebonelela ngokuqonda ngcono indlela yokusebenza kwe-Agile esebenza ngayo.
Isiqulatho
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Yintoni i-Agile Methodology?
Indlela ye-Agile yindlela yokulawula iprojekthi egxininisa ukuguquguquka, ukuphuculwa okuqhubekayo, kunye nentsebenziswano yabathengi. Yavela njengempendulo kwimida yeendlela zemveli zengxangxasi, ezidla ngokukhokelela kwimijikelo yophuhliso olude kunye neenkqubo eziqinileyo. Indlela ye-Agile ibeka ugxininiso oluqinileyo kuphuhliso oluphindaphindayo, iilophu zengxelo rhoqo, kunye nokukwazi ukuphendula kwiimfuno eziguqukayo.
Ziziphi iindlela ezi-5 ze-Agile?
Kule nxalenye, siza kuphonononga iindlela ezintlanu eziphambili ze-Agile ezibandakanya iScrum, i-Kanban, i-Lean, i-Extreme Programming (XP), kunye ne-Crystal Method. Indlela yokusebenza nganye ineempawu zayo ezizodwa, imigaqo, kunye nezenzo ezinegalelo ekulawuleni ngempumelelo iprojekthi ye-Agile.
Isikram
Isakhelo se-Agile Scrum yenye yezona ndlela zixhaphakileyo ze-Agile. Ulawulo lweprojekthi ye-Agile kunye neScrum yahlula iiprojekthi zibe yi-iterations emfutshane ebizwa ngokuba yi-sprints, ngokuqhelekileyo ihlala iiveki ezimbini ukuya kwezine. Inkqubo-sikhokelo ibandakanya iindima eziphambili ezininzi, kubandakanya iScrum Master, uMnini weMveliso, kunye neQela loPhuhliso. I-Scrum igxininisa iintlanganiso zemihla ngemihla zokuma, ukucwangciswa kwe-sprint, ukulungiswa kwe-backlog, kunye nokuhlaziywa kwe-sprint ukuqinisekisa ukungafihli, unxibelelwano olusebenzayo kunye nokuphuculwa okuqhubekayo. Izibonelelo zayo ziquka intsebenziswano eyongeziweyo, ixesha elikhawulezayo lokuya kwintengiso, kunye nokuphucula ukuziqhelanisa nokutshintsha iimfuno zeprojekthi.
Kanban
I-Kanban yenye imodeli esebenzayo ye-Agile egxile ekuboneni nasekuphuculeni ukuhamba komsebenzi. Le ndlela isebenzisa ibhodi ye-Kanban ukujonga imisebenzi kunye nenkqubela phambili yabo ngokuqhelekileyo imelwe njengeekholomu kunye namakhadi. I-Kanban ikhuthaza inkqubo yokutsalwa apho izinto zomsebenzi zitsalwa ukusuka kwelinye inqanaba ukuya kwelinye njengoko umthamo uvumela. Ibonelela amaqela ngokubonakala okucacileyo kumsebenzi wabo kwaye ibenza bakwazi ukuchonga imiqobo kwaye baqhubeke bephucula iinkqubo zabo. Izibonelelo ze-Kanban zibandakanya ukusebenza kakuhle, ukunciphisa inkunkuma, kunye nogxininiso oluphuculweyo lweqela ekunikezeni ixabiso.
Ucwangciso olugqithisileyo (XP)
Esinye isakhelo esihle se-Agile, i-Extreme Programming (XP) ijolise ekuphuculeni umgangatho wesofthiwe kunye nokuphucula imveliso yeqela ngokusebenzisa isethi yezenzo kunye nemilinganiselo. Ngokugxininiswa kunxibelelwano, ukulula, kunye nokuguquguquka, izenzo ze-XP kwi-Agile zibonelela ngendlela ecwangcisiweyo yophuhliso lwesoftware eyenza amaqela anikezele ngeemveliso ezikumgangatho ophezulu ngelixa zivumela iimfuno eziguqukayo.
Uphuhliso olubhityileyo
Indlela ye-Lean, ngelixa ingeyiyo kuphela isakhelo se-Agile, yabelana ngemigaqo kunye neendlela ezininzi kunye ne-Agile. Ukuqala kwimveliso, i-Lean ijolise ekupheliseni inkunkuma kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle ngokugxila ekudaleni ixabiso kunye nokuphucula okuqhubekayo. I-Lean igxininisa ukubaluleka kwexabiso lomthengi, ukunciphisa umsebenzi ongeyomfuneko, kunye nokwandisa ukuhamba. Ngokwamkela imigaqo ye-Lean ngaphakathi kwimeko ye-Agile, amaqela anokuphucula intsebenziswano, ukunciphisa inkunkuma, kunye nokuhambisa ixabiso ngokufanelekileyo.
Indlela yeCrystal
Xa kuziwa kugxininiso lwabantu kunye nokunxibelelana kwabo, indlela yeCrystal ikhethwa kakhulu. Iphuhliswe ngu-Alistair Cockburn, i-Crystal Method yenzelwe ukubeka phambili imigaqo ejoliswe ngabantu kunye nemilinganiselo ngaphakathi kwenkqubo yophuhliso lwesoftware. Iyakuvuma ukubaluleka kwezakhono zomntu ngamnye kunye nobuchule kwimpumelelo yeprojekthi. Ngapha koko, ijolise ekuchongeni nasekusebenziseni amandla amalungu eqela, ukuqinisekisa ukuba abantu abafanelekileyo babelwa imisebenzi efanelekileyo.
Ziziphi iingenelo zokuSebenzisa i-Agile Methodology?
Ukwamkela imigaqo ye-Agile kunye nemilinganiselo kunokuzisa uluhlu lweenzuzo kwimibutho. Nazi ezinye zezibonelelo eziphambili:
Ukuphuculwa kokubonakala kweprojekthi
Indlela ye-Agile inika umbono ocacileyo kunye nexesha langempela lenkqubela yeprojekthi. Iintlanganiso eziqhelekileyo, ezifana nokuma kwemihla ngemihla kunye nokuphononongwa kwe-sprint, kwenza amaqela axoxe ngokufezekiswa kwawo, imingeni kunye nemisebenzi ezayo. Eli nqanaba lokubonakala livumela abachaphazelekayo ukuba benze izigqibo ezizizo, bachonge imiqobo yendlela enokubakho, kwaye bahlengahlengise izinto eziphambili ngokubaluleka ngokufanelekileyo. Ngenxa yoko, iiprojekthi zilindeleke ukuba zihlale zisendleleni kwaye zifezekise iinjongo zazo.
Ukunyuka kokuziqhelanisa
Kwimeko yeshishini yanamhlanje eguquka ngokukhawuleza, ukukwazi ukuziqhelanisa ngokukhawuleza kubalulekile kwimpumelelo. Indlela ye-Agile iyagqwesa kule ndawo ngokwenza amaqela aphendule ngokukhawuleza kwiimfuno ezintsha, iindlela zentengiso, okanye ingxelo yabathengi. Ngokuphula iiprojekthi zibe yimisebenzi encinci, elawulwayo, i-Agile ivumela amaqela ukuba alungise izicwangciso zabo kunye nezinto eziphambili ngaphandle kokuphazamisa yonke iprojekthi. Oku bhetyebhetye kuqinisekisa ukuba amashishini angakwazi ukuqhubeka nokuphucula kwaye ahambise ixabiso kubathengi bawo.
Ixesha elikhawulezayo lokuthengisa
Indlela ye-Agile igxininisa ukuhambisa iimveliso ezisebenzayo ngokukhawuleza. Esikhundleni sokulinda de kube sekupheleni kweprojekthi ukukhulula imveliso yokugqibela, i-Agile ivumela amaqela ukuba akhulule ukuhlaziywa okongeziweyo kuyo yonke inkqubo yophuhliso. Le ndlela yokuphindaphinda yenza ukuba amashishini aqokelele ingxelo kwangoko, aqinisekise iingqikelelo, kwaye enze uhlengahlengiso oluyimfuneko ngokukhawuleza. Ngokunciphisa ukusebenza kwakhona okuchitha ixesha kunye nokuhambisa ixabiso kwangoko, indlela ye-Agile inceda amashishini akhawulezise ixesha lawo lokuthengisa kunye nokufumana umda wokukhuphisana.
Ziziphi iiNqanaba ze-5 ze-Agile Methodology?
Ziziphi izigaba ze-5 zophuhliso lwe-agile? Iphefumlelwe yi-software yophuhliso lwe-software (SDLC), indlela ye-Agile ilandela izigaba ze-5 ezibandakanya i-Ideation, uphuhliso, uvavanyo, ukuthunyelwa, kunye nokusebenza. Makhe sijonge ngakumbi kwi-ins kunye nokuphuma kwinqanaba ngalinye.
Inqanaba 1: Ingcamango
Phantse zonke iiprojekthi zophuhliso lwesoftware ye-Agile ziqala ngenqanaba lokucinga. Le nkqubo ibandakanya ukungqubanisa ingqondo kunye nokuqokelela iimfuno zokuchaza umda kunye neenjongo zeprojekthi.
Ngeli nqanaba, umnini wemveliso, abachaphazelekayo, kunye neqela lophuhliso bayasebenzisana ukuchonga iinjongo zeprojekthi, kunye neemfuno zabasebenzisi, kunye nokubeka phambili iimpawu. Amabali abasebenzisi okanye izinto ezingemva kwemveliso zenziwe ukubamba iimfuno kwaye zenze isiseko sophuhliso.
Inqanaba 2: Uphuhliso
Okulandelayo kuza inqanaba lophuhliso elijolise ekuguquleni iimfuno zibe zinyuso zesoftware esebenzayo. Iindlela ze-Agile zigxininisa ukuphindaphinda kunye nophuhliso olukhulayo, ukuphula umsebenzi kwimisebenzi elawulwayo okanye amabali omsebenzisi.
Amaqela ophuhliso asebenza ngokubambisana ngokuphindaphinda okufutshane, okubizwa ngokuba yi-sprints, amaxesha anebhokisi yexesha elinikezelwe ukugqiba imisebenzi ethile. Ngexesha le-sprint nganye, iqela likhetha amabali omsebenzisi kwi-backlog yemveliso kwaye liphuhlise ukunyuswa kwesoftware yokusebenza, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ezona mpawu zibalulekileyo zihanjiswa kuqala.
Inqanaba 3: Uvavanyo
Kwinqanaba lesithathu lenkqubo yophuhliso lwe-Agile, Uvavanyo lwenziwa ngokuqhubekayo kuyo yonke inkqubo yophuhliso ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wesoftware kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba imveliso ihlangabezana neemfuno ezichaziweyo.
Iindlela ze-Agile zikhuthaza uphuhliso oluqhutywa luvavanyo (TDD), apho iimvavanyo zibhalwa ngaphambi kokuba ikhowudi iphunyezwe. Oku kunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba isoftwe isebenza njengoko kucetyiwe kwaye inciphisa ukubakho kokwazisa iibugs okanye iziphene.
Uvavanyo lubandakanya uvavanyo lweyunithi, uvavanyo lokudibanisa, kunye novavanyo lokwamkelwa ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kunye nokusetyenziswa kwesoftware.
Inqanaba lesi-4: Ukusasazwa
Isigaba sokuthunyelwa kwemodeli yenkqubo ye-Agile ibandakanya ukukhulula isofthiwe ephuhlisiwe kubasebenzisi bokugqibela okanye abathengi. Iindlela ze-Agile zikhuthaza ukuthunyelwa rhoqo kunye rhoqo ukuze kuqokelelwe ingxelo kwangoko kwaye kubandakanye utshintsho olusekwe kwigalelo lomsebenzisi.
Ukuhlanganiswa okuqhubekayo kunye nezenzo eziqhubekayo zokuthunyelwa (CI / CD) zihlala ziqeshwe ukuze zizenzele inkqubo yokuthunyelwa, ukuqinisekisa ukuba isofthiwe isetyenziswe ngendlela ehambelanayo nefanelekileyo.
Eli nqanaba likwabandakanya imisebenzi efana nolawulo lolungelelwaniso, uxwebhu, kunye noqeqesho lwabasebenzisi ukuququzelela inguqulelo egudileyo kwindawo ephilayo.
Inqanaba lesi-5: Imisebenzi
Kwinqanaba lokugqibela, imisebenzi ichaza inkxaso eqhubekayo kunye nokugcinwa kwesoftware esetyenzisiweyo. Iindlela ze-Agile ziyaqaphela ukuba uphuhliso lwesoftware yinkqubo eqhubekayo, kwaye amaqela kufuneka aphendule kwingxelo yabathengi kwaye alungelelanise iimfuno eziguqukayo.
Amaqela e-Agile abandakanyeka ekubekeni iliso okuqhubekayo, ukulungiswa kwe-bug, ukuphuculwa kweempawu, kunye nenkxaso yomsebenzisi ukuqinisekisa ukuba isofthiwe ihlala isebenza, ikhuselekile, kwaye ihambelana neemfuno eziguqukayo zabasebenzisi bokugqibela. Iingxelo zarhoqo zenziwa ukubonakalisa inkqubo yophuhliso nokuchonga amathuba okuphucula.
I-Agile Methodology VS Indlela yeNgxangxasi
Ngokungafaniyo neendlela zemveli zamanzi, ezixhomekeke kucwangciso olungqongqo kunye neenkqubo ezinqamlekileyo, i-Agile iyamkela utshintsho kwaye ikhuthaza amaqela ukuba asebenze kumjikelo omfutshane obizwa ngokuba yi-sprints.
Ngelixa iindlela ze-Agile ziyilelwe ukwamkela utshintsho, iindlela ze-Waterfall aziguquguquki kangako xa kufikwa kumba wokwamkela utshintsho.
- Utshintsho kwiprojekthi ye-Waterfall lufuna ukuphinda kusetyenzwe kwakhona kwaye lunokuphazamisa ixesha elicwangcisiweyo kunye nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali.
- Utshintsho lweprojekthi ye-Agile lunokufakwa ngokulula ngaphakathi kokuphindaphinda okufutshane, okuvumela ukulungelelaniswa okukhawulezayo kwiimfuno zabathengi kunye nokuguquguquka kweemarike.
Ukongeza, iindlela ze-Agile zikhuthaza ukuchongwa kwangaphambili kunye nokuqhubekayo komngcipheko kunye nokunciphisa. Ngokwahlukileyo, iindlela zeendlela ze-Waterfall zikholisa ukuba nomngcipheko ophezulu wokungaphumeleli kweprojekthi ngenxa yokuqina kunye nendalo yazo elandelelanayo.
Imibuzo ebuzwa qho
Yintoni i-Agile methodology kwaye isebenza njani?
Indlela ye-Agile yindlela yokulawula iprojekthi exabisa ukulungelelaniswa kunye nokuphendula kwinguqu ukwenzela ukuhambisa iziphumo eziphezulu. Ngokungafaniyo neendlela zolawulo lweeprojekthi zemveli, i-Agile idiliza iiprojekthi zibe yimisebenzi encinci, elawulekayo kwaye igxile ekunikezeni ixabiso ngokunyukayo.
Yintoni i-Agile vs Scrum?
I-Agile yindlela yophuhliso kwi-Agile Manifesto, eyenzelwe ukukhuthaza uphuhliso olongezelelekileyo kunye nokuphindaphinda, impendulo eqhubekayo, kunye nokubandakanyeka rhoqo kwabathengi. Isikram siphunyezo phantsi kwesambulela se-Agile apho yonke iprojekthi ihlulwe ibe yizakhelo zexesha elifutshane elibizwa ngokuba yi-sprints, kwaye i-scrum master inoxanduva lokuhambisa ukunyuka kwemveliso.
Nguwuphi umzekelo we-Agile?
Yiba nomfanekiso wenkampani yophuhliso lwesoftware efuna ukwakha usetyenziso olutsha lweselula. Isebenzisa indlela ye-Agile, inkampani yayiza kudiliza iprojekthi ibe yimisebenzi encinci, elawulekayo ebizwa ngokuba ngamabali abasebenzisi.
IItrakthi ezibalulekileyo
Isoftware yolawulo lwe-Agile isetyenziswa namhlanje ukunceda abaphathi beprojekthi bonge ixesha, imali kunye nezinye iinzame ezifunekayo ukugcina iiprojekthi ziqhubeka, imveliso ephezulu kunye nokusebenza kweqela. Ukukhetha itekhnoloji ye-agile efanelekileyo yomsebenzi kunyanzelekile ukufezekisa elona xabiso.
Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuba amashishini atyale imali kuqeqesho olufanelekileyo kunye nezixhobo zokuphumeza ngempumelelo indlela ye-Agile. Ukuthatha iindlela zakho ze-Agile ukuya kwinqanaba elilandelayo, zama AhaSlides kwiiseshoni zoqeqesho ezisebenzisanayo kunye nentsebenziswano esebenzayo.
Ref: Mendix | Xpand yona | geeksforgeeks