Ukufunda Okusekelwe Ethimba | Umhlahlandlela Ophelele Wokufundisa

Ukufunda okusekelwe eqenjini (i-TBL) isibe yingxenye ebalulekile yemfundo yanamuhla. Ikhuthaza abafundi ukuthi basebenzisane, babelane ngemibono, futhi baxazulule izinkinga ngokuhlanganyela.

kulesi blog okuthunyelwe, sizobheka ukuthi kuyini ukufunda okusekelwe eqenjini, yini eyenza kuphumelele kangaka, nini futhi kuphi i-TBL, kanye namathiphu asebenzayo okuthi ungayihlanganisa kanjani namasu akho okufundisa. 

Okuqukethwe 

• Kuyini Ukufunda Okusekelwe Ethimba?
• Kungani Ukufunda Okusekelwe Ethimba Kuphumelela?
• Kungasetshenziswa Nini Futhi Kuphi Ukufunda Okusekelwe Ethimbeni?
• Ungahlanganisa Kanjani Ukufunda Okusekelwe Ethimba Kumasu Okufundisa?
• Izibonelo ze-Team Base Learning 
• Izitoreji Eziyinhloko 
• imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa

Amathiphu Okuhlanganyela Okungcono

• Amasu Okufunda Asebenzayo
• Umdlalo Wokulingisa
• Kuyini I-Peer Mentoring
• I-Cross Functional Team Management
• Izibonelo zethimba labaphathi
• Kuyini Ukuhlangana Kwethimba?

Kuyini Ukufunda Okusekelwe Ethimba?

I-Team Based Learning ivame ukusetshenziswa emanyuvesi nasemakolishi, okuhlanganisa ibhizinisi, ukunakekelwa kwezempilo, ubunjiniyela, isayensi yezenhlalakahle, nobuntu, ukuthuthukisa ukuzibandakanya kwabafundi nokucabanga okujulile, kanye nokuhlanganisa. I-DAM yezemfundo iqondisa le nqubo ngokuvumela othisha nabafundi ukuthi baphathe kalula, babelane, futhi basebenzise izimpahla zedijithali ngendlela efanele, kugqugquzelwe indawo yokufunda yokusebenzisana kakhudlwana nesebenzisanayo.

I-Team Based Learning iyisu lokufunda elisebenzayo kanye neqembu elincane elihlanganisa ukuhlela abafundi ngamaqembu (abafundi aba-5 - 7 eqenjini ngalinye) ukuze basebenzisane emisebenzini ehlukahlukene yezemfundo nezinselele. 

Umgomo oyinhloko we-TBL ukuthuthukisa ulwazi lokufunda ngokuthuthukisa ukucabanga okujulile, ukuxazulula izinkinga, ukusebenzisana, namakhono okuxhumana phakathi kwabafundi.

Ku-TBL, ithimba ngalinye labafundi linikezwa amathuba okuzibandakanya nezinto zezifundo ngohlelo oluhlelekile lwemisebenzi. Le misebenzi ngokuvamile ihlanganisa:

• Ukufundwa kwangaphambi kwekilasi noma izabelo
• Ukuhlola ngakunye
• Izingxoxo zeqembu 
• Izivivinyo zokuxazulula izinkinga
• Ukuhlola kontanga

Kungani Ukufunda Okusekelwe Ethimba Kuphumelela?

Ukufunda okusekelwe eqenjini kufakazele ukuthi kuyindlela yokufundisa ephumelelayo ngenxa yezinto ezimbalwa ezibalulekile. Nazi ezinye izinzuzo zokufunda ezisekelwe eqenjini elivamile: 

• Ibandakanya abafundi ngenkuthalo enqubweni yokufunda, iphromotha amazinga aphezulu okubandakanyeka nokusebenzisana uma kuqhathaniswa nezindlela zendabuko ezisekelwe ezifundweni.
• Ikhuthaza abafundi ukuthi bacabange ngokujulile, bahlaziye ulwazi, futhi bafinyelele eziphethweni ezinolwazi ngezingxoxo zokusebenzisana nemisebenzi yokuxazulula izinkinga.
• Ukusebenza ngamaqembu Ekufundeni Okusekelwe Eqenjini kuthuthukisa amakhono abalulekile njengokubambisana, ukuxhumana okuphumelelayo, kanye nokusebenzisa amandla eqoqo, ukulungiselela abafundi izindawo zokusebenza ngokubambisana.
• I-TBL ivamise ukuhlanganisa izimo zomhlaba wangempela kanye nezifundo eziyisibonelo, ukuvumela abafundi ukuthi basebenzise ulwazi lwethiyori ezimeni ezingokoqobo, nokuqinisa ukuqonda nokugcina.
• Kugxilisa umuzwa wokuziphendulela kanye nokuzibophezela phakathi kwabafundi kukho kokubili ukulungiselela komuntu ngamunye kanye negalelo elisebenzayo phakathi kweqembu, okunomthelela esimweni sokufunda esihle.

Kungasetshenziswa Nini Futhi Kuphi Ukufunda Okusekelwe Ethimbeni?

1/ Izikhungo zemfundo ephakeme:

Ukufunda Okusekelwe Ethimba kuvamise ukusetshenziswa emanyuvesi nasemakolishi, okuhlanganisa ibhizinisi, ukunakekelwa kwezempilo, ubunjiniyela, isayensi yezenhlalakahle, nobuntu, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuzibandakanya kwabafundi nokucabanga okujulile.

2/ K-12 Imfundo (Izikole Eziphakeme):

Othisha basezikoleni eziphakeme bangasebenzisa i-TBL ukukhuthaza ukusebenzisana, ukucabanga okujulile, nokuhlanganyela okugcwele phakathi kwabafundi, ukubasiza ukuba babambe imiqondo eyinkimbinkimbi ngezingxoxo zamaqembu kanye nemisebenzi yokuxazulula izinkinga.

3/ Amapulatifomu okufunda aku-inthanethi:

I-TBL ingalungiselelwa izifundo ze-inthanethi, kusetshenziswa amathuluzi okubambisana abonakalayo nezinkundla zezingxoxo ukuze kube lula imisebenzi yeqembu nokufunda kontanga ngisho nasendaweni yedijithali.

4/ Imodeli Yekilasi Eliphendukile:

I-TBL igcwalisa imodeli yekilasi eliphendukile, lapho abafundi beqala ukufunda okuqukethwe ngokuzimela bese behlanganyela emisebenzini yokuhlanganyela, izingxoxo, nokusebenzisa ulwazi phakathi nekilasi.

5/ Amakilasi Ezinkulumo Ezinkulu:

Ezifundweni ezinkulu ezisekelwe ezifundweni, i-TBL ingasetshenziswa ukuhlukanisa abafundi babe amaqembu amancane, ukukhuthaza ukusebenzisana kontanga, ukuhlanganyela okusebenzayo, kanye nokuqonda okuthuthukisiwe kwezinto.

Ungahlanganisa Kanjani Ukufunda Okusekelwe Ethimba Kumasu Okufundisa?

Ukuze uhlanganise ngempumelelo iTeam-Based Learning (TBL) kumasu akho okufundisa, landela lezi zinyathelo:

1/ Qala ngokukhetha imisebenzi efanele:

Imisebenzi oyikhethayo izoncika odabeni kanye nezinjongo zesifundo. Eminye imisebenzi ye-TBL ejwayelekile ihlanganisa:

• Ukuhlolwa kokuqinisekiswa kokulungela komuntu ngamunye (ama-RAT): Ama-RAT ayimibuzo emifushane abafundi abayithatha ngaphambi kwesifundo ukuze bahlole ukuqonda kwabo okubalulekile.
• Imibuzo yeqembu: Imibuzo yeqembu iyimibuzo esezingeni ethathwa amaqembu abafundi.
• Ukusebenza ngokubambisana nezingxoxo: Abafundi basebenza ndawonye ukuze baxoxe ngendaba futhi baxazulule izinkinga.
• Ukubika: Amaqembu ethula abakutholile ekilasini.
• Ukuhlola kontanga: Abafundi bahlola umsebenzi womunye nomunye.

2/ Qinisekisa ukulungiselela kwabafundi:

Ngaphambi kokuthi uqale ukusebenzisa i-TBL, qiniseka ukuthi abafundi bayakuqonda okulindelekile nokuthi imisebenzi izosebenza kanjani. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukubanikeza imiyalelo, ukumodela imisebenzi, noma ukubanikeza izivivinyo zokuzijwayeza.

3/ Nikeza impendulo:

Kubalulekile ukunikeza abafundi impendulo ngomsebenzi wabo kuyo yonke inqubo ye-TBL. Lokhu kungenziwa ngama-RAT, imibuzo yeqembu, nokuhlola kontanga. 

Impendulo ingasiza abafundi ukuthi bakhombe izindawo lapho badinga ukuthuthukisa khona futhi bafunde ngempumelelo kakhudlwana.

4/ Hlala uvumelana nezimo:

I-Team Based Learning iyavumelana nezimo. Linga ngemisebenzi ehlukene nezindlela ukuze uthole ukuthi yini efanela abafundi bakho kangcono futhi efanela indawo yokufunda.

5/ Funa isiqondiso:

Uma umusha ku-TBL, funa usizo kothisha abanolwazi, funda nge-TBL, noma hambela imihlangano yokucobelelana ngolwazi. Kunengcebo yezinsiza zokukuqondisa.

6/ Hlanganisa nezinye izindlela:

Hlanganisa i-TBL nezinkulumo, izingxoxo, noma izivivinyo zokuxazulula izinkinga ukuze uthole ulwazi lokufunda oluphelele.

7/ Yakha amaqembu ahlukahlukene:

Dala amaqembu anenhlanganisela yamakhono nolwazi (amaqembu ahlukahlukene). Lokhu kuthuthukisa ukubambisana futhi kuqinisekisa ukuthi bonke abafundi bafaka isandla ngempumelelo.

8/ Beka okulindelwe okucacile:

Misa imihlahlandlela ecacile kanye nokulindelwe ekuqaleni kwenqubo ye-TBL ukuze usize abafundi baqonde indima yabo nokuthi imisebenzi izokwenzeka kanjani.

9/ Yiba nesineke:

Qonda ukuthi kuthatha isikhathi ukuthi abafundi bazijwayeze ne-TBL. Yiba nesineke futhi ubasekele njengoba befunda ukusebenza ndawonye futhi bahlanganyele emisebenzini.

Izibonelo ze-Team Base Learning 

Isibonelo: Ekilasini Lesayensi

• Abafundi bahlukaniswe ngamaqembu okuklama nokuziphatha kokuhlolwa.
• Bese befunda izinto abazinikeziwe bese beqedela Ukuhlolwa Kokuqiniseka Ukulungela (RAT).
• Okulandelayo, bahlanganyela ukuze badizayine isilingo, baqoqe idatha, futhi bahlaziye imiphumela.
• Ekugcineni, bethula abakutholile ekilasini.

Isibonelo: Ikilasi Lezibalo

• Abafundi bahlukaniswe ngamaqembu ukuze baxazulule inkinga eyinkimbinkimbi.
• Bese befunda izinto abazinikeziwe bese beqedela Ukuhlolwa Kokuqiniseka Ukulungela (RAT).
• Okulandelayo, basebenzisana ukuze bacabange ngezixazululo zenkinga.
• Ekugcineni, bethula izixazululo zabo ekilasini.

Isibonelo: Ikilasi Lebhizinisi

• Abafundi bahlukaniswe ngamaqembu ukuze bakhe uhlelo lokumaketha lomkhiqizo omusha.
• Bafunda izinto abazinikeziwe futhi baqedele Ukuhlolwa Kokuqiniseka Ukulungela (RAT).
• Okulandelayo, bayasebenzisana ukuze bacwaninge imakethe, bakhombe amakhasimende okuhlosiwe, futhi bakhe isu lokumaketha.
• Ekugcineni, bethula uhlelo lwabo ekilasini.

Isibonelo: Isikole se-K-12

• Abafundi bahlukaniswa ngamaqembu ukuze benze ucwaningo ngesigameko esingokomlando.
• Bafunda izinto abazinikeziwe futhi baqedele Ukuhlolwa Kokuqiniseka Ukulungela (RAT).
• Bese, basebenza ndawonye ukuqoqa ulwazi mayelana nomcimbi, bakhe umugqa wesikhathi, futhi babhale umbiko.
• Ekugcineni, bethula umbiko wabo ekilasini.

Izitoreji Eziyinhloko

Ngokugqugquzela ukubamba iqhaza okusebenzayo nokusebenzisana kontanga, ukufunda okusekelwe eqenjini kudala isimo sokufundisa esihehayo esidlula izindlela zendabuko ezisekelwe ezifundweni.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, AhaSlides ingakusiza ukuthi uthuthukise ulwazi lwe-TBL. Othisha bangasebenzisa izici zayo ekuqhubeni kwakha, poll, Futhi ifu lamagama, okwenza inqubo ye-TBL ethuthukisiwe ehambisana nezidingo zokufunda zesimanje. Iyahlanganisa AhaSlides ku-TBL akugcini nje ngokukhuthaza ukuzibandakanya kwabafundi kodwa futhi kuvumela ukufundisa okunobuhlakani nokuxoxisanayo, ekugcineni kukhulise izinzuzo zalelisu lokufundisa elinamandla.

imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa

Ref: Impendulo Izithelo | I-Vanderbilt University