Momwe Mungakambitsire Oyamba - Khomerani Mkangano Wanu Woyamba

Kodi kutsutsana kwa oyamba kumene?Kukangana ndi mutu waukulu, waukulu. Ngati simunachitepo chimodzi, zingakhale zovuta kuganizira zomwe zidzachitike komanso momwe mungapewere kuyang'ana mosazindikira pamaso pa aliyense.

Pali zambiri zoti muphunzire musanayambe kulimba mtima kuti muyime pa nsanja. Koma musade nkhawa; izi mtsutso kwa oyamba kalozera adzakupatsani masitepe, malangizo ndi zitsanzo muyenera kupha mtsutso wanu wotsatira. Chifukwa chake, tiyeni tiwone malangizo abwino awa!

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Momwe Mkangano wa Oyamba Umagwirira Ntchito (mu Masitepe 7)

Musanalowe m'mene munganene zotsutsana zanu ngati pro, muyenera kudziwa momwe mtsutso wa oyamba kumene umagwirira ntchito. Onani izi 7 masitepe kuti mtsutso kwa newbies ndi zimene muyenera kuchita panjira, ndiye inu kwathunthu kumvetsa mmene kukhala mkangano bwino!

1. Cholinga Chasankhidwa

Chithunzi cha anthu awiri omwe ali ndi mkangano kuseri kwa ma podium awiri — Malangizo kwa Otsutsana

Monga momwe tingagwiritsire ntchito makambirano m'malo ambiri ndi zochitika, monga kusukulu, misonkhano yamakampani, zokambirana zamagulu kapena mabungwe andale, ndikofunikira kuti zolinga zazikulu za mtsutso zisankhidwe kaye. Izi zitha kupereka malingaliro omveka bwino a dongosolo ndikukonzekera zokambiranazo chifukwa pali zambiri zomwe zimayenera kugwirira ntchito pambuyo pake, zonse zomwe ziyenera kukhala zogwirizana.

Chifukwa chake, zisanachitike, wotsogolera ayankha izi -zolinga za mkanganowu ndi chiyani ?

Mwachitsanzo, ngati muli mu a kutsutsana kwa ophunzira, zolingazo zikhale zofanana ndi phunziro lanu, zomwe zingakhale zolimbikitsa kuganiza mozama kwa ophunzira ndi luso loyankhula pagulu. Ngati zikugwira ntchito, zitha kukhala kusankha kuti ndi ziti mwamalingaliro awiri oti mupite nawo.

2. Mapangidwe Asankhidwa

Kufunsa momwe mungatsutse bwino, muyenera kukhala ndi dongosolo. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mikangano kunja uko, ndi mitundu ingapo mkati mwawo. Ndikofunikira kuti mudziwe mawu ofunikira omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mumitundu yambiri yamakambirano musanayambe kukonzekera mtsutso ...

Topic- Mtsutso uliwonse umakhala ndi mutu wake, womwe umatchedwa a zoyenda or chisankho. Mutu ukhoza kukhala chiganizo, ndondomeko kapena ganizo, ziri pa malo ndi cholinga cha mkangano.
awiri magulu - Zotsimikizira(kuthandizira mayendedwe) ndi Wachisoni(kutsutsa mayendedwe). Nthawi zambiri, gulu lililonse limakhala ndi mamembala atatu.
Oweruza or Oweruza: Anthu amene amaweruza ubwino wa mikangano pa umboni ndi kachitidwe ka otsutsana.
Woyang'anira nthawi-Munthu amene amasunga nthawi ndikuyimitsa magulu nthawi ikatha.
Owona- Pakhoza kukhala owonera (omvera) pamtsutso, koma saloledwa kuyankha.

Kwa mkangano woyambira, atalandira mayendedwe, maguluwo adzakhala ndi nthawi yokonzekera. The Zotsimikiziragulu limayamba kutsutsana ndi wokamba nkhani wawo woyamba, kenako wokamba nkhani woyamba Wachisonitimu. Kenako imapita kwa wolankhula wachiwiri mu Zotsimikiziratimu, kubwerera kwa wokamba wachiwiri mu Wachisonitimu, ndi zina zotero.

Wokamba nkhani aliyense adzalankhula ndi kufotokoza mfundo zawo mu nthawi yoikika yomwe yafotokozedwa m'malamulo a mkangano. Kumbukirani kuti ayionse makangano amatha ndi timu Wachisoni; nthawi zina, timu Zotsimikiziraadzafunsidwa kumaliza.

Monga mwina mwatsopano kwa izi, mutha kupeza njira yotsutsana kwa oyamba kumene pansipa. Ndizosavuta kuzitsatira ndipo zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamitsutso yambiri yosiyanasiyana.

3. Ndondomeko Yakukangana Yapangidwa

Kuti mkangano uyende bwino, wotsogolera azikhala ndi dongosolo mwatsatanetsatane momwe ndingathere. Ayenera kukudziwitsani dongosololi, chifukwa lidzakuthandizani kuwona zonse ndikukulepheretsani kupita panjira, zomwe ndizosavuta kuchita mukatenga nawo gawo pamakangano oyambira.

Nayi mndandanda wosavuta wa zomwe dongosolo liyenera kukhala nalo:

Cholinga cha mkangano
Kapangidwe
Momwe chipindacho chidzakhazikitsire
Nthawi ndi nthawi ya nthawi iliyonse
Malamulo oyendetsera zokambirana ndi malangizo kwa olankhula ndi oweruza
Zolemba zolembaza maudindo
Chidule chotseka mkangano ukatha

4. Chipinda Chakonzedwa

Chilengedwe ndi chofunikira pa mkangano chifukwa zingakhudze momwe okamba amachitira pamlingo wina.

Kukambitsirana kwanu kuyenera kukhala kwaukadaulo momwe mungathere. Pali njira zambiri zokhazikitsira chipinda cha mtsutso, koma kukhazikitsidwa kotani komwe kusankhidwa, zonse zizizungulira 'malo olankhulira' pakati. Apa ndi pamene matsenga onse otsutsana adzachitika.

Wokamba nkhani aliyense woimira magulu aŵiriwo adzaimirira m’gawo la okamba nkhani panthaŵi yawo, ndiyeno adzabwerera pampando wawo akamaliza.

M'munsimu ndi wotchuka masanjidwe chitsanzokwa mkangano woyamba:

kupanga kwa chipinda cha zokambirana — *Chithunzi chogwirizana ndi Kukambirana kwa SA.*

Zachidziwikire, nthawi zonse pamakhala mwayi wochita mkangano pa intaneti. Mutha kuvutika kuti mumve zomwezo pamakangano oyambira pa intaneti, koma pali njira zina zokometsera:

Kusintha kwanthawi yakumbuyo:Gawo lirilonse litha kukhala ndi maziko osiyana a Zoom: wolandila, wosunga nthawi, oweruza ndi gulu lililonse. Izi zitha kuthandiza kusiyanitsa maudindo a wophunzira aliyense ndikulimbikitsa kunyadira gawo lomwe wapatsidwa.
Zida zothandizira:
- Nthawi:Kutenga nthawi ndikofunikira pakukangana, makamaka kwa ongobadwa kumene paulendo wawo woyamba. Wotsogolera wanu atha kusankha kutsatira mayendedwe anu pogwiritsa ntchito chowonera nthawi pakompyuta (ngakhale m'makangano ambiri, wosunga nthawi amangowonetsa pakakhala mphindi imodzi kapena masekondi 1).
- Zomveka:Kumbukirani, uku ndi kukangana kokha kwa oyamba kumene. Mutha kuyembekezera kuti wotsogolera wanu achepetse mlengalenga ndi chilimbikitso kuwomba zomvekawokamba nkhani akamaliza nkhani yawo.

5. Magulu Asankhidwa

Maguluwa agawika Zotsimikizira ndi Wachisoni. Nthawi zambiri, magulu ndi malo olankhula m'maguluwo amakhala osasinthika, kotero wotsogolera wanu angagwiritse ntchito sapota gudumukuti ntchitoyo ikhale yosangalatsa komanso yosangalatsa.

ntchito AhaSlides' gudumu la spinner kugawa magulu muzokambirana kwa oyamba kumene

Magulu awiriwa akasankhidwa, zoyenda zidzalengezedwa ndipo mupatsidwa nthawi yokonzekera, ola limodzi.

Munthawi imeneyi, otsogolera awonetsa zinthu zambiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti magulu azitha kumvetsetsa zomwe zikuchitika komanso zovuta zake kuti apange mfundo zolimba. Pamene mukudziwa zambiri, m'pamenenso amphamvu mkangano.

6. Mkangano Uyamba

Kukambitsirana kulikonse kumafunikira mtundu wina, ndipo pakhoza kukhala zosiyana zambiri. Pansipa pali mtundu wotchuka kwambiri womwe ungagwiritsidwe ntchito mkangano uliwonse kwa oyamba kumene.

Gulu lirilonse limakhala ndi maulendo anayi kuti alankhule pamtsutsowu, choncho ndibwino kukhala ndi oyankhula 6 kapena 8. Pankhani ya 6, otsutsana awiri adzalankhula kawiri.

Kulankhula	Time	Udindo wa Otsutsana
1st Affirmative Constructive	8 Mph	Yambitsani zoyenda ndi malingaliro awo Perekani matanthauzo awo a mawu ofunikira Perekani mfundo zawo kuti zigwirizane ndi mfundoyi
1 Zoyipa Zomangamanga	8 Mph	Tchulani mfundo zawo zotsutsa zomwe akufuna
2nd Affirmative Constructive	8 Mph	Konzani mfundo zina zochirikiza zomwe zachitika komanso malingaliro a gulu Dziwani madera a mikangano Yankhani mafunso kuchokera kwa wolankhula wotsutsa (ngati alipo)
2 Zoipa Zomangamanga	8 Mph	Konzani mfundo zina zotsutsana ndi zomwe zikuchitika ndikuwonjezera malingaliro a gulu Dziwani madera a mikangano Yankhani mafunso kuchokera kwa wokamba nkhani (ngati alipo)
1st Negative Rebuttal	4 Mph	Kuteteza Wachisonimikangano ya gulu ndikugonjetsa mikangano yochirikiza popanda kuwonjezera mikangano yatsopano kapena chidziwitso
1st Affirmative Rebuttal	4 Mph	Kuteteza Zotsimikiziramikangano ya gulu ndikugonjetsa mikangano yotsutsana popanda kuwonjezera mikangano yatsopano kapena chidziwitso
2nd Negative Rebuttal (Chidziwitso Chotseka)	4 Mph	Khalani ndi mawu otsutsa kachiwiri ndi otseka
2nd Affirmative Rebuttal (Chidziwitso Chotseka)	4 Mph	Khalani ndi mawu otsutsa kachiwiri ndi otseka

💡 Pakhoza kukhala nthawi yochepa yokonzekera zisanachitike zotsutsa, malingana ndi malamulo.

Mutha kuwona chitsanzo cha kanema chamtunduwu pansi apa.

7. Weruzani Mkangano

Yakwana nthawi yoti oweruza agwire ntchito. Ayenera kuyang'anira zokambirana ndi momwe amachitira mkangano aliyense kenako ndikuwunika. Izi ndi zina mwazinthu zomwe aziwona mukuchita kwanu ...

Bungwe ndi momveka bwino- Kamangidwe kamene mumalankhulira - kodi ndi zomveka kuziyika momwe munachitira?
Timasangalala- Mitsutso iyi, umboni, kufufuza ndi kutsutsa zomwe mumapanga.
Kalembedwe ndi kafotokozedwe- Momwe mumaperekera mfundo zanu, kuphatikiza chilankhulo chapakamwa ndi thupi, zomwe zili m'maso, ndi mawu ogwiritsidwa ntchito.

Malangizo 10 a Otsutsana Atsopano

Palibe amene angadziwe chilichonse kuyambira pachiyambi ndipo ngati simunayambe kutsutsanapo m'moyo wanu, zinthu sizophweka kuti muyambe nazo. M'munsimu muli Malangizo 10 ofulumirakuti mudziwe momwe mungatsutsire bwino ndipo mutha kuyenderana ndi omwe angoyamba kumene mkangano uliwonse.

#1 - Kukonzekera ndiye chinsinsi- Fufuzani mutuwo zambirimusanafike kuti mungopeza mbiri yakale, komanso chidaliro. Izi zitha kuthandiza otsutsa kuti amvetsetse bwino nkhaniyi kuti akhale oyamba kutsutsa, kenaka kulemba mfundo zawo, kupeza umboni, ndikupewa kupita kumabowo a akalulu. Wotsutsa aliyense afotokoze zonse mu mfundo (zoyenera mfundo zitatu pa mfundo zitatu) kuti akonze bwino malingaliro ndikuwona 'chithunzi chachikulu' cha zolankhula zawo.

#2 - Sungani zonse pamutu- Chimodzi mwa machimo okambilana ndikuchoka panjira, chifukwa chimawononga nthawi yolankhula komanso kufooketsa mkangano. Samalani pa autilaini ndi mfundo zazikulu kuti muwonetsetse kuti zikutsatira mutuwo ndi kuthana ndi mavuto oyenera.

#3 - Pangani mfundo zanu ndi zitsanzo- Kukhala ndi zitsanzo kumapangitsa kuti ziganizo zanu zotsutsana zikhale zotsimikizika, komanso, anthu amawona zinthu momveka bwino, monga izichitsanzo pansipa...

Chithunzi cha pepala lokhala ndi umboni ndi cholemberapo — *Chithunzi chogwirizana ndi WikiHow*

#4 - Yesani kuganiza ngati otsutsawo- Pamene mukuwunikanso malingaliro, ganizirani mfundo zomwe otsutsa angakumane nazo. Dziwani ochepa ndipo lembani mapu amalingaliro omwe mungakane ngati anganene dokumaliza kufotokoza mfundo zimenezo.

#5 - Khalani ndi mawu omaliza amphamvu- Malizani mkangano ndi ziganizo zabwino zingapo, zomwe zingafotokoze mwachidule mfundo zazikulu. Nthawi zambiri, otsutsa amakonda kutsiriza ndi mphamvu, ndi chiganizo chimodzi chopangidwa mwandakatulo kuti chipangitse zimenezo mic kugwamphindi ( onani chitsanzo cha izi pansipa).

#6 - Khalani otsimikiza (kapena bodza mpaka mutatha!)- Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pakuchita bwino pamakangano ndi vibe. Otsutsana ayenera kukhala otsimikiza ndi zomwe akunena, popeza swagger ili ndi mphamvu yaikulu pa oweruza ndi owonera. N’zoona kuti mukamakonzekera kwambiri, m’pamenenso mumadzidalira kwambiri.

#7 - Lankhulani pang’onopang’ono- A vuto lofala kwambiri novice otsutsana ndi liwiro lawo kulankhula. Nthawi zambiri paulendo woyamba, zimakhala zothamanga kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa omvera komanso olankhula kukhala ndi nkhawa. Pumirani mpweya ndikulankhula pang'onopang'ono. Mutha kupeza zochepa, koma zomwe mumapanga zimakhala ndi mphamvu.

#8 - Gwiritsani ntchito thupi ndi nkhope yanu- Chilankhulo cha thupi chimatha kuthandizira mfundo zanu ndikuwonetsa chidaliro. Yang'anani otsutsa m'maso, khalani ndi kaimidwe kabwino ndikuwongolera mawonekedwe a nkhope (musakhale aukali) kuti mutenge chidwi.

#9 - Mvetserani mosamala ndikulemba manotsi- Otsutsana ayenera kulabadira zolankhula ndi lingaliro lililonse kuti atsatire mayendedwe, kuthandizira osewera nawo ndikudzudzula otsutsa bwino. Kukhala ndi manotsi kungathandize kwambiri, chifukwa palibe amene angakumbukire mfundo iliyonse kuti ayikane kapena kuikulitsa. Kumbukirani kulemba mfundo zazikulu zokha.

#10 - Pewani kuwombera mtengo- Yang'anani ndikutsutsa zotsutsana za omwe akukutsutsani, osati omwe akukutsutsani. Otsutsana sayenera kukhumudwitsa ena; zimasonyeza kupanda ukatswiri ndipo inu ndithudi chizindikiro pansi pa izo.

6 Masitayelo a Mikangano Yoyamba

Pali mitundu yambiri yamakambirano okhala ndi mawonekedwe ndi malamulo osiyanasiyana. Kudziwa ena mwa iwo mokwanira kungathandize oyambitsa mikangano kuwona njira ndi zomwe akuyenera kuchita. Nawa masitayelo ena odziwika omwe mungawone mkangano wanu woyamba!

1.Mtsutso wa ndondomeko - Uwu ndi mtundu wamba womwe umafunikira kafukufuku wambiri. Mtsutso umakhudza ngati akhazikitse kapena ayi kukhazikitsa ndondomeko inayake, ndipo kawirikawiri mu mawonekedwe a anthu awiri gulu kwambiri. Mtsutso wa ndondomekoamagwiritsidwa ntchito m’masukulu ambiri chifukwa ndi othandiza, ndipo malamulowo ndi osavuta kuwatsatira kuposa mitundu ina.

2. Mkangano wanyumba yamalamulo- Njira yotsutsanayi imachokera ku chitsanzo cha boma la Britain ndi zokambirana za Nyumba Yamalamulo ya ku Britain. Choyamba chotengedwa ndi mayunivesite aku Britain, tsopano iyi ndi njira yovomerezeka yamakambirano amipikisano yayikulu monga The World University Debating Championship ndi European Universities Debating Championship. Mtsutso woterewu ndi wanzeru komanso wamfupi kuposa wachikhalidwe policy kukangana, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera milandu yambiri, kuyambira masukulu apakati mpaka ku mayunivesite.

Kukambirana kwanyumba yamalamulo yaku Britain — *Chithunzi chogwirizana ndi Oxford Scholastica Academy.*

3. Zokambirana zapagulu- Mwanjira iyi, magulu awiri amatsutsana pamitu 'yotentha' kapena mikangano kapena zomwe zikuchitika. Mitu iyi ndi yomwe mwina muli nayo kale malingaliro, kotero mkangano wamtundu uwu ndiwopezeka kuposa a policykukangana.

4. Lincoln Douglas mtsutso- Iyi ndi njira yotseguka, yotsutsana ndi munthu m'modzi, yomwe idatchulidwa pambuyo pa mikangano yodziwika bwino mu 1858 pakati pa oyimira Senate ya US Abraham Lincoln ndi Stephen Douglas. Mwanjira iyi, otsutsa amangoyang'ana mafunso ozama kwambiri kapena anzeru, makamaka pankhani zazikulu.

5. Mwadzidzidzi kukangana- Otsutsana awiri amatsutsana pa mutu umodzi; akuyenera kukhazikitsa mfundo zawo mu nthawi yochepa kwambiri ndikuyankha mwachangu malingaliro a otsutsa popanda kukonzekera kwambiri. Zimafunika luso lokangana kwambiri ndipo zingathandize kulimbikitsa chidaliro ndikugonjetsa mantha.

6. DRM mtsutso- Kalembedwe kameneka ndikutengera nyumba yamalamulo yaku US, momwe otsutsana amatengera mamembala a Congress. Amatsutsana pamalamulo, kuphatikiza mabilu (malamulo omwe akufuna), ziganizo (zonena za maudindo). Bungwe la Congress likuvotera kuti likhale lamulo ndikupitiriza kuvotera kapena kutsutsa malamulowo.

2 Zitsanzo Zokambirana

Pano tili ndi zitsanzo ziwiri za zokambirana zina kuti muwone bwino momwe zimachitikira ...

1. Mkangano wa Nyumba ya Malamulo ku Britain

Ichi ndi kagawo kakang'ono ka mkangano pakati pa nduna yayikulu yaku Britain Theresa May ndi mtsogoleri wakale wa Labor Party, Jeremy Corbyn. Kukambitsirana kwamphamvu ndi mikangano yaukali ndizofanana ndi mkangano wamtunduwu. Komanso, May adamaliza kulankhula kwake ndi mawu amphamvu kwambiri kotero kuti adakhala ndi kachilombo!

2. Otsutsana

Mikangano ya ophunziraakukhala chodabwitsa chochulukirachulukira kusukulu; Makambirano ena ochita bwino amathanso kukhala osangalatsa ngati mikangano yochokera kwa akulu. Kanemayu ndi gawo limodzi la mkangano wachingelezi waku Vietnamese - The Debaters. Ophunzira akusekondale awa adatsutsana zakuti 'Tikuyamika Greta Thunberg' mwanjira yodziwika bwino ya 3-on-3.