Uyini uLa Nina? I-La Nina Izimbangela Nemiphumela | Kubuyekezwe ngo-2024

Uke uzwe wonke umuntu exoxa ngoLa Nina kodwa ungazi ukuthi leli gama limayelana nani ngempela?

I-La Nina isenzakalo sezulu esiye sakhanga ososayensi abaye bazama ukuchaza le puzzle ethokozisayo yoMhlaba amakhulu eminyaka. I-La Nina inamandla amakhulu, ishiya imithelela ehlala njalo ku-ecosystem nemiphakathi yabantu ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zomhlaba.

Ulungele ukwembula izimfihlo zika-La Nina, abathanda imvelo? Hlanganyela nathi njengoba sihlola yini La Nina, ukuthi kwenzeka kanjani kanye nemiphumela yako ekuphileni komuntu.

Hlala ubukele kuze kube sekupheleni ukuze uthole imibuzo ejabulisayo ukuze uhlole ulwazi lwakho mayelana nalesi simo.

Okuqukethwe

• Uyini uLa Nina?
• Iyini imiphumela ye-La Nina?
• Yini Ebangela Ukuba I-La Nina Yenzeke?
• Uyini Umehluko Phakathi kuka-La Nina no-El Nino?
• I-La Nina Yenzeka Kaningi Kangakanani?
• Imibuzo ye-La Nina Quiz (+Izimpendulo)
• imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa

Uyini uLa Nina?

I-La Nina, ehunyushwa ngokuthi "Intombazane Encane" ngeSpanishi, ibuye yaziwe ngamanye amagama afana ne-El Viejo noma i-anti-El Nino, noma nje "umcimbi obandayo."

Ngokuphambene no-El Nino, uLa Nina wenza okuphambene ngokuqinisa imimoya yohwebo ngokuqhubekayo futhi edudulela amanzi afudumele abheke e-Asia, kuyilapho ngesikhathi esifanayo eqinisa ukukhuphuka ogwini olusentshonalanga yeMelika eletha amanzi abandayo, anothile ngezakhi zomzimba eduze.

I-La Nina yenzeka lapho amanzi abandayo asePacific eshintshela enyakatho, eshintsha umfudlana we-jet. Ngenxa yalokho, izindawo eziseningizimu ye-United States ziba nesomiso kuyilapho iPacific Northwest naseCanada iba nezimvula ezinkulu nezikhukhula.

Amazinga okushisa asebusika ezindaweni eziseningizimu avame ukufudumala kunokuvamile kuyilapho izifunda ezisenyakatho ziba nobusika obupholile; ngaphezu kwalokho, uLa Nina angase abe nomthelela enkathini yesiphepho esebenzayo kanye namanzi abandayo asePacific anenani elikhulayo lezakhamzimba.

Lokhu kungakha indawo ekahle yokuphila kwasolwandle, kuhehe izinhlobo zasemanzini abandayo njenge-squid ne-salmon ogwini lwaseCalifornia.

Izifundo ezibanjwe ngekhanda ngemizuzwana

Imibuzo esebenzisanayo yenza abafundi bakho babambe ngekhanda amagama anzima ezindawo - angenaso nhlobo ingcindezi

Iyini imiphumela ye-La Nina?

Imiphumela ye-La Nina ihlanganisa:

• Ubusika obubandayo nobumanzi eNingizimu-mpumalanga Afrika, kanye nemvula eyengeziwe eMpumalanga ye-Australia.
• Izikhukhula ezinkulu e-Australia.
• Ubusika obubanda kakhulu enyakatho-ntshonalanga ye-United States nasentshonalanga yeCanada.
• Izimvula ezinamandla e-India.
• Izimvula ezinamandla eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia naseNdiya.
• Isomiso sasebusika eNingizimu ye-United States.
• Amazinga okushisa aphakeme eWestern Pacific, Indian Ocean, nasogwini lwaseSomalia.
• Izimo ezifana nesomiso ePeru nase-Ecuador.

Yini Ebangela Ukuba I-La Nina Yenzeke?

Kunezici ezintathu eziyinhloko ezinomthelela esimweni sezulu saseLa Nina.

#1. Amazinga okushisa aphansi olwandle

Njengoba amazinga okushisa olwandle empumalanga nasenkabeni yePacific Ocean ehla ngesikhathi sikaLa Nina, azokwehla ngo-3-5 degrees Celsius ngaphansi kwejwayelekile.

Phakathi nobusika base-La Nina, iPacific Northwest ivame ukuba manzi ngaphezu kokujwayelekile, kanti iNyakatho-mpumalanga iba nesimo sezulu esibanda kakhulu, kuyilapho i-Southern Hemisphere ngokuvamile iba nezimo ezithambile neziyomile, ezingaholela ekwenyukeni kwengozi yomlilo kanye nesomiso eNingizimu-mpumalanga.

#2. Imimoya yokuhweba yasempumalanga enamandla kakhulu

Lapho imimoya yohwebo yasempumalanga iba namandla, idudulela amanzi afudumele engeziwe entshonalanga, okuvumela amanzi abandayo ukuba akhuphuke ngaphansi komhlaba eduze nogu lwaseNingizimu Melika. Lesi simo sinomthelela ekuveleni kukaLa Nina, njengoba amanzi abandayo ethatha indawo yamanzi afudumele.

Ngokuphambene, i-El Niño yenzeka lapho imimoya yohwebo yasempumalanga iba buthaka noma ishaye ibhekise kolunye uhlangothi, ibangele ukuba amanzi afudumele anqwabelene empumalanga yePacific kanye nokushintshashintsha kwesimo sezulu.

#3. Inqubo yokuvuselela

Phakathi nemicimbi ye-La Nina, imimoya yohwebo yasempumalanga nemisinga yolwandle iba namandla ngendlela engavamile futhi iya ngasempumalanga, okuholela enqubweni ebizwa ngokuthi i-upwelling.

Ukwenyuka kuletha amanzi abandayo phezulu, okubangela ukwehla okukhulu kwezinga lokushisa phezu kolwandle.

Uyini Umehluko Phakathi kuka-La Nina no-El Nino?

Ososayensi basalokhu bengaqiniseki ngembangi eqondile eqala u-El Nino no-La Nina, kodwa ukushintsha komfutho womoya phezu kwe-equatorial Pacific kwenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile futhi kuthinte imimoya yokuhweba esuka empumalanga iye entshonalanga.

I-La Nina ibangela ukuba amanzi abandayo avela ezindaweni ezijulile empumalanga yePacific akhuphuke, athathe indawo yamanzi angaphezulu ashiswa yilanga; ngokuphambene, ngesikhathi sika-El Nino, imimoya yokuhweba iba buthaka kangangokuthi amanzi afudumele kancane aya ngasentshonalanga okuholela ekufudumaleni kwamanzi amaphakathi nasempumalanga yePacific.

Njengoba umoya ofudumele, onomswakama ukhuphuka phezu kolwandle futhi ukhiqize ukuduma kwezulu ngokuguquguquka, izindikimba ezinkulu zamanzi olwandle afudumele zikhulula inani lokushisa emkhathini, okuthinta amaphethini okujikeleza empumalanga-ntshonalanga nasenyakatho-eningizimu.

I-Convection idlala indima ebalulekile ekuhlukaniseni u-El Nino no-La Nina; phakathi no-El Nino, kwenzeka kakhulu empumalanga yePacific, lapho amanzi afudumele ephikelela khona, kuyilapho ngaphansi kwezimo ze-La Nina iye yaqhubekela phambili entshonalanga ngamanzi apholile kuleso sifunda.

I-La Nina Yenzeka Kaningi Kangakanani?

I-La Nina ne-El Nino ngokuvamile zenzeka njalo eminyakeni engu-2-7, kanti i-El Nino yenzeka kancane kancane kune-La Nina.

Ngokuvamile zihlala ingxenye enkulu yonyaka.

I-La Nina ingase futhi ibe nomuzwa "we-double dip", lapho iqala ukukhula, ime okwesikhashana lapho izinga lokushisa lolwandle lifinyelela emazingeni okungathathi hlangothi kwe-ENSO, bese ikhula futhi uma amazinga okushisa amanzi ehla.

Imibuzo ye-La Nina Quiz (+Izimpendulo)

Manje usuwutholile umqondo wokuthi uyini uLa Nina, kodwa usakhumbula kahle wonke lawo magama ezindawo? Hlola ulwazi lwakho ngokwenza le mibuzo elula engezansi. Akukho ukulunguza!

1. Usho ukuthini uLa Nina? (Impendulo: Intombazane encane)
2. I-La Nina ivela kaningi kangakanani (Impendulo: Njalo eminyakeni emibili kuya kweyisikhombisa)
3. Phakathi kuka-El Nino noLa Nina, iyiphi eyenzeka kancane kancane? (Impendulo: El Nino)
4. Ingabe uLa Nina ulandela u-El Nino ngonyaka olandelayo? (Impendulo: Kungenzeka kodwa hhayi njalo)
5. Iyiphi i-hemisphere evame ukuba nezimo ezimanzi ngesikhathi somcimbi we-La Nina? (Impendulo: Isifunda sasentshonalanga yePacific Ocean, okuhlanganisa izingxenye zase-Asia nase-Australia)
6. Yiziphi izifunda ezijwayele ukuba nesomiso ngesikhathi sesiqephu sika-La Nina? (Impendulo: Izifunda ezifana neningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-United States, izingxenye zaseNingizimu Melika, naseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia)
7. Yini ephambene noLa Nina? (Impendulo: El Nino)
8. Iqiniso noma Amanga: I-La Nina ikhiqiza imithelela engemihle ezivunweni zezolimo emhlabeni wonke. (Impendulo: Amanga. I-La Nina ingaba nemiphumela emihle nemibi ezitshalweni nasezifundeni ezahlukene.)
9. Yiziphi izinkathi zonyaka ezivame ukuthinteka kakhulu yi-La Nina? (Impendulo: Ubusika nasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo)
10. I-La Nina iwathinta kanjani amaphethini wokushisa eNyakatho Melika yonkana? (Impendulo: I-La Nina ivame ukuletha amazinga okushisa abandayo kunesilinganiso ezindaweni ezisenyakatho nasentshonalanga yeNyakatho Melika.)

imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa

Iyini iLa Niña ngamagama alula?

I-La Nina iyiphethini yesimo sezulu e-tropical Pacific Ocean ebonakala ngokubanda kunokushisa okungaphezu kokuvamile kolwandle ezindaweni zayo ezisempumalanga nemaphakathi ne-Pacific, ngokuvamile okuholela ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu emhlabeni wonke, okuhlanganisa imvula eyengeziwe noma isomiso ezindaweni ezithile.

I-La Nina ihluke kakhulu ku-El Nino ehlanganisa amazinga okushisa olwandle afudumele kunokuvamile kulesi sifunda.

Kwenzekani phakathi neLa Niña?

Iminyaka ye-La Nina ivame ukukhiqiza amazinga okushisa asebusika aphezulu eNingizimu Nenkabazwe naphansi eNyakatho. Ukwengeza, uLa Nina angase abe nomthelela enkathini yeziphepho ezinamandla.

Iyiphi i-El Niño efudumele noma i-La Niña?

I-El Nino ibhekisela ekushiseni okungavamile kolwandle e-Equatorial Pacific kuyilapho i-La Nina ibhekisela emazingeni okushisa olwandle aphansi ngokungavamile kule ndawo.