Uma ukhathele amaseshini engqondo angasebenzi, adla isikhathi, lapho abantu ngokuvamile bengafuni ukukhuluma noma baphikise nje ngokuthi imibono kabani engcono. Bese kuthi i I-Nominal Group Technical konke okudingayo.
Le nqubo ivimbela wonke umuntu ukuthi acabange ngendlela efanayo futhi ibakhuthaze ukuthi babe nobuciko futhi bajabulele ukuxazulula izinkinga zeqembu. Akulona ihaba ukusho ukuthi iyithuluzi elikhulu lanoma yiliphi iqembu elibheka imibono eyingqayizivele.
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Iyini I-Nominal Group Technique?
I-Nominal Group Technique (NGT) iyindlela yeqembu yokuhlanganisa imibono noma izixazululo enkingeni. Kuyindlela ehlelekile ebandakanya lezi zigaba:
- Abahlanganyeli basebenza ngokuzimela ukuze bakhiqize imibono (bangabhala ephepheni, basebenzise imidwebo, njll. kuye ngabo)
- Abahlanganyeli bazokwabelana futhi bethule imibono yabo eqenjini lonke
- Iqembu lonke lizoxoxa futhi lihlele imibono enikeziwe ngokusekelwe ohlelweni lokushaya amaphuzu ukuze libone ukuthi iyiphi inketho engcono kakhulu.
Le ndlela isiza ukukhuthaza ubuhlakani bomuntu ngamunye, kanye nokubandakanya bonke ababambiqhaza ngokulinganayo nokwandisa ukuzibandakanya enqubweni yokuxazulula izinkinga.
Isetshenziswa Nini I-Nominal Group Technique?
Nazi ezinye izimo lapho i-NGT ingasiza khona ikakhulukazi:
- Lapho kunemibono eminingi okufanele icatshangelwe: I-NGT ingasiza ithimba lakho lihlele futhi libeke imibono kuqala ngokunikeza ilungu ngalinye ithuba elilinganayo lokunikela.
- Lapho kunemikhawulo ekucabangeni kweqembu: I-NGT isiza ukwehlisa umthelela wokucabanga kweqembu ngokukhuthaza ukusungula komuntu ngamunye kanye nokwehlukahlukana kwemibono.
- Lapho amanye amalungu eqembu enamazwi amaningi kunamanye: I-NGT iqinisekisa ukuthi wonke amalungu eqembu anethuba elilinganayo lokunikela ngemibono yawo, kungakhathaliseki isikhundla sawo.
- Lapho amalungu eqembu ecabanga kangcono ngokuthula: I-NGT ivumela abantu ukuthi bazenzele imibono ngaphambi kokwabelana ngayo, okungaba usizo kulabo abakhetha ukusebenza ngokuthula.
- Lapho kudingeka izinqumo zeqembu: I-NGT ingaqinisekisa ukuthi wonke amalungu eqembu ayabandakanyeka enqubweni yokuthatha izinqumo futhi abe nombono olinganayo ngesinqumo sokugcina.
- Lapho iqembu lifuna ukukhiqiza inani elikhulu lemibono ngesikhathi esifushane, i-NGT ingasiza ukuhlela nokubeka phambili leyo mibono.
Izinyathelo Ze-Nominal Group Technique
Nazi izinyathelo ezijwayelekile ze-Nominal Group Technique:
- Isinyathelo 1 – Isingeniso: Umsizi/umholi wethula i-Nominal Group Technique ethimbeni futhi achaze injongo nenjongo yomhlangano noma iseshini yokubonisana.
- Isinyathelo sesi-2 - Ukukhiqiza imibono ethule: Ilungu ngalinye licabanga ngemibono yalo ngesihloko okuxoxiwe ngaso noma inkinga, bese liyibhala ephepheni noma endaweni yedijithali. Lesi sinyathelo ngesemizuzu eyi-10.
- Isinyathelo sesi-3 - Ukwabelana ngemibono: Amalungu eqembu abelana/ethula imibono yawo ngokudedelana neqembu lonke.
- Isinyathelo sesi-4 - Ukucaciswa kwemibono: Ngemva kokuba yonke imibono seyabelwe, ithimba lonke liyaxoxa ukuze licacise umqondo ngamunye. Bangase babuze imibuzo ukuze baqiniseke ukuthi wonke umuntu uqonda yonke imibono. Le ngxoxo ivamise ukuthatha imizuzu engama-30 - 45 ngaphandle kokugxekwa noma ukwahlulela.
- Isinyathelo sesi-5 - Izinga lemibono: Amalungu eqembu athola inombolo ethile yamavoti noma amaphuzu (imvamisa phakathi kuka-1-5) ukuze avotele emibonweni anomuzwa wokuthi iyinhle kakhulu noma ifaneleka kakhulu. Lesi sinyathelo sisiza ukubeka phambili imibono nokuhlonza imibono edume kakhulu noma ewusizo.
- Isinyathelo sesi-6 - Ingxoxo yokugcina: Ithimba lizoba nengxoxo yokugcina ukuze licwenge futhi licacise imibono enezinga eliphezulu. Bese nifinyelela esivumelwaneni ngesixazululo esisebenza kakhulu noma isenzo.
Ngokulandela lezi zigaba, i-Nominal Group Technique ingakusiza ube nokucabanga okuningi, okusebenzayo ukuxazululwa kwenkinga, kanye nezinqubo zokuthatha izinqumo.
Isibonelo, nansi indlela ongayenza ngayo i-Nominal Group Technique ukuze uthuthukise isevisi yamakhasimende esitolo sokudayisa
| Isinyathelo | Into | Imininingwane |
| 1 | Isingeniso nencazelo | Umsizi wamukela ababambiqhaza futhi uchaza inhloso nenqubo yomhlangano: “Indlela yokuthuthukisa isevisi yamakhasimende”. Bese inikeza umbono omfishane we-NGT. |
| 2 | Ukukhiqiza imibono ethule | Umgqugquzeli unikeza umhlanganyeli ngamunye iphepha bese ebacela ukuthi babhale phansi yonke imibono efika engqondweni lapho becubungula lesi sihloko esingenhla. Abahlanganyeli banemizuzu eyi-10 yokubhala phansi imibono yabo. |
| 3 | Ukwabelana ngemibono | Umhlanganyeli ngamunye wethula imibono yakhe, bese umsizi ayiqopha eshadini elikhulu noma ebhodini elimhlophe. Ayikho inkulumo-mpikiswano noma ingxoxo mayelana nemibono kulesi sigaba futhi iqinisekisa ukuthi bonke ababambiqhaza bathola ithuba lokufaka isandla ngokulinganayo. |
| 4 | Imibono Ukucaciswa | Abahlanganyeli bangacela ukucaciswa noma imininingwane eyengeziwe mayelana nanoma yimiphi imibono yamalungu eqembu labo okungenzeka ukuthi abaqondi ngokugcwele. Ithimba lingaphakamisa imibono emisha yengxoxo futhi lihlanganise imibono ibe izigaba, kodwa ayikho imibono engase ilahlwe. Lesi sigaba sithatha imizuzu engama-30-45. |
| 5 | Imibono Usezingeni | Abahlanganyeli banikezwa inani elimisiwe lamaphuzu ukuze bavotele imibono abacabanga ukuthi iyona engcono kakhulu. Bangakhetha ukwaba amaphuzu abo embonweni owodwa noma bawasabalalise emibonweni eminingana. Ngemva kwalokho, umsizi uhlanganisa amaphuzu wombono ngamunye ukuze anqume imibono ebaluleke kakhulu yokuthuthukisa isevisi yamakhasimende esitolo. |
| 6 | Ingxoxo Yokugcina | Iqembu lixoxa ngendlela yokuqalisa imibono esezikhundleni eziphezulu futhi lenze uhlelo lokwenza ngcono. |
Amathiphu Okusebenzisa I-Nominal Group Technique Ngokuphumelelayo
Nawa amanye amathiphu okusebenzisa i-Nominal Group Technique ngempumelelo:
- Chaza ngokucacile inkinga noma umbuzo okufanele uxazululwe: Qinisekisa ukuthi umbuzo ucacile nokuthi bonke ababambiqhaza banokuqonda okufanayo kwenkinga.
- Nikeza imiyalelo ecacile: Bonke ababambiqhaza badinga ukuqonda inqubo ye-Nominal Group Technique nokuthi yini ezolindela kubo esigabeni ngasinye.
- Yiba nomsizi: Umgqugquzeli onekhono angagcina ingxoxo igxile futhi aqinisekise ukuthi wonke umuntu unethuba lokubamba iqhaza. Bangakwazi futhi ukuphatha isikhathi futhi bagcine inqubo isendleleni.
- Khuthaza ukubamba iqhaza: Khuthaza bonke ababambiqhaza ukuthi banikele ngemibono yabo futhi bagweme ukubusa ingxoxo.
- Sebenzisa ukuvota ngokungaziwa: Ukuvota ngokungaziwa kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukuchema futhi kukhuthaze impendulo eqotho.
- Gcina ingxoxo ishesha: Kubalulekile ukugcina ingxoxo igxile embuzweni noma endabeni futhi ugweme ukuhlehla.
- Namathela ngendlela ehlelekile: I-NGT iyindlela ehlelekile ekhuthaza abantu ukuthi babambe iqhaza, bakhiqize imibono eminingi, futhi bayihlele ngokulandelana kokubaluleka kwayo. Kufanele unamathele kunqubo futhi uqiniseke ukuthi ithimba lakho liqeda zonke izinyathelo.
- Sebenzisa imiphumela: Ngolwazi oluningi olubalulekile nemibono ngemva komhlangano. Qiniseka ukuthi usebenzisa imiphumela ukwazisa ukwenza izinqumo nokuxazulula izinkinga.
Ngokulandela lawa macebiso, ungasiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi i-NGT isetshenziswa ngempumelelo nokuthi iqembu likhiqiza imibono emisha nezisombululo.
Izitoreji Eziyinhloko
Sethemba ukuthi lesi sihloko sikunikeze ulwazi oluwusizo mayelana ne-Nominal Group Technique. Kuyindlela enamandla yokugqugquzela abantu ngabanye namaqembu ukuthi bakhiqize imibono, baxazulule izinkinga, futhi benze izinqumo. Ngokulandela izinyathelo namathiphu angenhla, ithimba lakho lingaqhamuka nezixazululo ezinobuhlakani futhi lenze izinqumo ezinolwazi.
Uma uhlela ukusebenzisa i-Nominal Group Technique emhlanganweni wakho olandelayo noma ishabhu, cabanga ukuyisebenzisa I-AhaSlides ukwenza lula inqubo. Ngokwenziwe kwethu kwangaphambili umtapo wethempulethi futhi izici, ungakwazi ukuqoqa kalula impendulo evela kubahlanganyeli ngesikhathi sangempela ngemodi engaziwa, okwenza inqubo ye-NGT isebenze kahle nakakhulu futhi ihehe.
