You would probably catch the term "El Nino" on the weather forecast several times. This interesting weather phenomenon can cause widespread effects on a global scale, affecting areas such as wildfires, ecosystems, and economies.
Kodwa yintoni umphumo we-El Nino? Siza kulayita izibane El Nino Intsingiselo, kuya kwenzeka ntoni xa u-El Nino ekwipatheni, kwaye uphendule imibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo malunga ne-El Nino.
Isiqulatho
- Yintoni intsingiselo ye-El Nino?
- Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha le-El Nino?
- Ngaba i-El Nino ilungile okanye imbi?
- Ingaba iEl Nino ihlala ixesha elingakanani?
- Ngaba sinokuyiqikelela i-El Nino ngaphambi kokuba yenzeke?
- Ngaba ii-El Ninos Zomelela?
- Imibuzo ye-El Nino Quiz (+Iimpendulo)
- Imibuzo ebuzwa qho
Yintoni intsingiselo ye-El Nino?
El Nino, which in Spanish translates to "little boy" or "Christ child", was given its name by South American fishermen who observed a warming of Pacific Ocean waters during December. But don't be misled by its name - El Nino is anything but small!
So what causes El Nino? El Nino's interaction between the ocean and atmosphere causes sea surface temperatures in central and east-central Equatorial Pacific to increase, which causes moisture-rich air to accelerate into rainstorms.
El Nino meaning - What would happen between a normal year and El Nino Year (Image source: Spudman)Ngeminyaka yoo-1930, izazinzulu ezifana noMhlekazi uGilbert Walker zafumanisa ukuba i-El Nino kunye ne-Southern Oscillation zazisenzeka ngaxeshanye!
I-Southern Oscillation yindlela entle yokuthetha ukuba uxinzelelo lomoya phezu koLwandlekazi lwePasifiki olushushu luyatshintsha.
Xa iPasifiki yasempuma yetropiki ishushu (enkosi ku-El Nino), uxinzelelo lomoya phezu kolwandle luyehla. Ezi ziganeko zimbini zinxibelelene kangangokuba izazi ngemozulu zazinika igama elinomtsalane: El Nino-Southern Oscillation, okanye i-ENSO ngokufutshane. Kule mihla, uninzi lweengcali zisebenzisa amagama athi El Nino kunye ne-ENSO ngokungafaniyo.
Izifundo ezinkqaywe ngemizuzwana
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Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha le-El Nino?
Xa isiganeko se-El Nino sisenzeka, imimoya yorhwebo edla ngokuvuthela ngasentshona ecaleni kwe-Ikhweyitha iqalisa ukuba buthathaka. Olu tshintsho kuxinzelelo lomoya nesantya somoya lubangela ukuba amanzi ashushu anyukele phezulu ngasempuma ecaleni kwe-Ikhweyitha, ukusuka kwintshona yePasifiki ukuya kunxweme olukumantla oMzantsi Merika.
Njengoko la manzi ashushu eshukuma, enza nzulu i<em>thermocline, engumaleko wobunzulu bolwandle owahlula amanzi angaphezulu ashushu kumanzi abandayo angaphantsi. Ngexesha lomsitho we-El Nino, i-thermocline inokuntywila ukuya kuthi ga kwi-152 yeemitha (iinyawo ezingama-500)!
Xa i-El Nino ibetha, iindawo zaseMntla Melika zinokujongana nobusika obude, obubandayo kunesiqheloLo maleko ungqindilili wamanzi ashushu unempembelelo embi kunxweme lwempuma Pasifiki. Ngaphandle kokunyuswa okuqhelekileyo kwamanzi abandayo atyebileyo ngezondlo, indawo ye-euphotic ayinakukwazi ukuxhasa inkqubo yendalo ehlala ivelisa imveliso. Iintlanzi ziyafa okanye zifuduke, nto leyo edala umonakalo kuqoqosho lwase-Ecuador nasePeru.
But that's not all! El Nino also causes widespread and sometimes severe changes in the climate. Convection above the warmer surface waters brings increased precipitation, leading to drastic increases in rainfall in Ecuador and northern Peru. This can contribute to coastal flooding and erosion, destroying homes, schools, hospitals, and businesses. Transportation is limited and crops are destroyed.
I-El Nino izisa imvula kuMzantsi Merika kodwa imbalela e-Indonesia nase-Ostreliya, ebeka emngciphekweni amanzi abo njengoko amadama esoma kwaye nemilambo ithwala ngaphantsi. Ulimo oluxhomekeke kunkcenkceshelo lunokuba semngciphekweni yi-El Nino! Ke zilungiselele kwaye uzilungiselele amandla ayo angenakuqikelelwa kwaye anamandla!
Ngaba i-El Nino ilungile okanye imbi?
El Nino tends to bring warmer and drier conditions that boost corn production in the U.S. However, in Southern Africa and Australia, it can bring dangerously dry conditions that increase fire risks, while Brazil and northern South America experience dry spells and Argentina and Chile see rainfall. So get ready for El Nino's unpredictable power as it keeps us guessing!
Ingaba iEl Nino ihlala ixesha elingakanani?
Hold onto your hats, weather watchers: here's the lowdown on El Nino! Typically, an El Nino episode lasts 9-12 months. It usually develops in spring (March-June), reaches peak intensity between late autumn/winter months (November-February), and then weakens in early summer months like March-June.
Though El Nino events may last more than one year, mostly they occur about nine to 12 months in duration - the longest El Nino in modern history only lasted 18 months. El Nino comes every two or seven years (quasi-periodic), but it's not happening on a regular schedule.
Ngaba sinokuyiqikelela i-El Nino ngaphambi kokuba yenzeke?
Ewe! Itekhnoloji yale mihla iyamangalisa xa kufikwa ekuqikeleleni i-El Nino.
Thanks to climate models like those employed by NOAA's National Centers for Environmental Prediction and data from Tropical Pacific Observing System sensors on satellites, ocean buoys, and radiosondes monitoring changing weather conditions - scientists can often accurately forecast its arrival months or years beforehand.
Ngaphandle kwezixhobo ezinjalo asinakuba nayo indlela yokwazi ukuba kuza ntoni na malunga neemeko zemozulu ezinje ngo-El Nino.
Ngaba ii-El Ninos Zomelela?
Iprojekthi yemodeli yemozulu njengoko ubushushu boMhlaba bufudumala ngakumbi, imijikelo ye-ENSO inokuqina ngakumbi kwaye ivelise i-El Ninos kunye neLa Ninas egqithisileyo enokuba neempembelelo ezimbi kuluntu kwihlabathi liphela. Kodwa ayizizo zonke iimodeli ezivumayo, kwaye izazinzulu zisebenza ngokungakhathali ukuze zifumane ukuqonda okungakumbi ngale nto intsonkothileyo.
One topic still up for debate is whether ENSO's cycle has already intensified as a result of human-caused climate change, though one thing remains certain - ENSO has existed for thousands of years and will likely persist far into the future.
Nokuba umjikelo wayo wokwenyani uhlala ungatshintshi, iziphumo zawo zinokubonakala ngakumbi njengoko uMhlaba uqhubeka ukufudumala.
Imibuzo ye-El Nino Quiz (+Iimpendulo)
Let's test how well you remember El Nino's definition with these quiz questions. What's even more wonderful is you can put these into an interactive quiz to spread awareness about this significant environmental matter using AhaSlides
- Imele ntoni i-ENSO? (Impendulo: El Nino-Southern Oscillation)
- Iyenzeka kangaphi i-El Nino (Impendulo: Rhoqo kwiminyaka emibini ukuya kwesixhenxe)
- Kwenzeka ntoni ePeru xa kusenzeka uEl Nino? (Impendulo:Imvula enkulu)
- What are El Nino's other names? (Impendulo:ENSO)
- Ngowuphi ummandla ochatshazelwa kakhulu yi-El Niño? (Impendulo: kunxweme lwePasifiki eMzantsi Melika)
- Ngaba sinokuyixela kwangaphambili i-El Nino? (Impendulo: Ewe)
- UEl Nino unaziphi iziphumo? (Impendulo: Imozulu embi kakhulu kwihlabathi jikelele kubandakanya imvula enkulu kunye nezikhukhula kwimimandla eyomileyo kunye nembalela kwimimandla emanzi)
- What's the opposite of El Nino? (Impendulo: La Nina)
- Trade winds are weaker during El Nino - True or False? (Impendulo: Bubuxoki)
- Zeziphi iindawo eMelika ezijongana nobusika obubandayo xa i-El Nino ibetha? (Impendulo: California kunye neendawo ezisemazantsi e-US)
Qala ngemizuzwana.
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Iyintoni intsingiselo ye-El Niño kunye neLa Niña?
U-El Nino kunye noLa Nina ziipateni zemozulu ezimbini ezifumaneka kuLwandlekazi lwePasifiki. Bayinxalenye yomjikelo obizwa ngokuba yi-El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO).
I-El Nino yenzeka xa amanzi empuma-mbindi woLwandlekazi lwePasifiki esiba shushu kunesiqhelo, nto leyo ekhokelela kutshintsho kwiindlela zemozulu ezifana namaqondo obushushu aphezulu kunye nokutshintsha kweepateni zeemvula. Lo mcimbi uphawula isigaba esifudumeleyo somjikelezo we-ENSO.
ILa Nina yenzeka xa amanzi akummandla omnye woLwandlekazi lwePasifiki ephola ngaphantsi kwesiqhelo, eguqula imozulu ngokuvelisa amaqondo obushushu apholileyo kunye neepatheni eziguquguqukayo zemvula; iphawula isigaba esibandayo kumjikelezo we-ENSO.
Ngaba i-El Niño ithetha ukubanda?
I-El Nino inokubonwa ngamaqondo obushushu olwandle ashushu ngokungaqhelekanga kwi-Equatorial Pacific ngoxa iLa Nina ibonakala ngamanzi abandayo ngokungaqhelekanga kulo mmandla.
Kutheni iEl Niño ibizwa ngokuba ngumntwana osikelelekileyo?
The Spanish term El Niño, meaning "the son," was originally used by fishermen in Ecuador and Peru to describe the warming of coastal surface waters that typically happens around Christmas.
Ekuqaleni, yayibhekisela kwisiganeko esiqhelekileyo sonyaka. Nangona kunjalo, ekuhambeni kwexesha, igama laza lamela ukufudumala okubanzi kwaye ngoku kubhekiselele kwiipateni zemozulu ezifudumele ngokungaqhelekanga ezenzeka rhoqo emva kweminyaka embalwa.
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