Lero, tiwona ena mwa anthu omwe ali ndi maginito omwe sadayendepo panjira yathuyi.
Kaya asintha mbiri kudzera m'machitidwe anzeru kapena kungokhala mokweza komanso monyada, anthuwa adawunikira malo aliwonse ndi mizimu yawo yosangalatsa.
Chifukwa chake dzithireni kapu, kwezani mapazi anu ndikukhala omasuka - tatsala pang'ono kudumpha padziko lonse lapansi ndikuwonera umunthu waukulu wa dziko.
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#1. Albert Einstein
Tengani zipewa zanu zoganiza anthu, chifukwa tikulowa m'moyo wa katswiri wodziwika bwino kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi - Albert Einstein!
Wasayansi ameneyu anabadwa pa March 14, 1879, ku Germany, ndipo anali munthu wokonda kusintha zinthu kwambiri amene nthanthi zake zinangosintha mmene timamvera chilengedwe chonse.
Kuyambira ntchito yake yoyambirira kupanga chithunzi chamagetsi komanso kulumikizana kwapadera ndi equation yake yotchuka kwambiri E=mc^2 zomwe zinasonyeza kugwirizana pakati pa mphamvu ndi misa, Einstein anasintha kwathunthu magawo a sayansi ndi sayansi yamakono.
Kupyolera mu zomwe adatulukira mwanzeru komanso nthabwala zake zoyipa, Einstein adapanga gulu lalikulu lapadziko lonse lapansi kutsatira maphunziro ndi anthu wamba.
Osati zonyansa kwambiri kwa mnyamata yemwe ankavutika kusukulu ali mwana! Ngakhale tsatanetsatane wa ubale wamba komanso wapadera ukhoza kuchulukirachulukira m'mitu yathu yambiri, chinthu chimodzi ndi chodziwikiratu - sitingamvetsetse dziko lapansi, danga ndi nthawi yokha mwanjira yomweyo popanda luso lapaderali.
#2. Alexander Wamkulu
Mmodzi mwa akatswiri odziwa bwino zankhondo - Alexander Wamkulu adzagonjetsa gawo lomwe linayambira ku Greece mpaka ku India asanamwalire mwadzidzidzi ali ndi zaka 32.
Podzafika pampando wachifumu mu 336 BC, anali atatsala pang'ono kutulutsa mapulani ake okulitsa.
Ndipo mnyamata adachitapo - m'zaka zochepa, adamanga ufumu womwe unadabwitsa dziko lodziwika panthawiyo. Kuyambira kuphwanya mafumu kumanzere ndi kumanja mpaka kusagonja ngakhale nkhondo imodzi, Alex anathamanga kudutsa makontinenti monga momwe sanagonjetserepo.
Kupyolera mu njira zake zotsogola zomenyera nkhondo, utsogoleri wolimba mtima ndi chisonkhezero champhamvu, Alexander anapanga dongosolo latsopano la dziko ndi kutsegula njira yofalitsira chikhalidwe cha Agiriki kufikira ku Asia.
#3. Abraham Lincoln
Wobadwa pa February 12, 1809 m'nyumba yamatabwa ku Kentucky, Abraham Lincoln adachokera ku chiyambi chodzichepetsa kuti atsogolere dzikoli kupyolera mu mlandu wake monga pulezidenti wa 16.
Potsogolera Mgwirizano pa Nkhondo Yachiweniweni yowononga, Lincoln adawonetsa utsogoleri wokhazikika pomenyera kuteteza United States.
Koma kuposa mtsogoleri wanthawi yankhondo, adachita gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakuthetsa ukapolo ndi Chilengezo cha Emancipation ndikukakamiza kusintha kwa 13 koletsa ukapolo m'dziko lonselo.
Ngakhale kuti anakumana ndi chitsutso chachikulu, Lincoln anaimabe m’chikhulupiriro chake cha makhalidwe abwino pankhani ya kufanana.
#4. APJ Abdul Kalam
Wobadwa pa October 15th, 1931 ku Tamil Nadu, Kalam anakulira modzichepetsa koma adalimbikitsidwa ndi chilakolako cha sayansi.
Kupyolera mukugwira ntchito molimbika komanso mwanzeru, atha kukwera kuti athandizire kupanga matekinoloje ofunikira achitetezo cha India m'zaka za zana la 20.
Monga wasayansi, Kalam adathandizira kwambiri pakupanga zida zankhondo ndikuyambitsa ukadaulo wagalimoto - kumupatsa dzina lakuti "Missile Man".
Kalam sanayime pamenepo. Nthawi zonse adalimbikitsidwa, adakhala Purezidenti wa 11 waku India kuyambira 2002 mpaka 2007.
Ntchito yake yokondedwa inali yolimbikitsa kupita patsogolo kwa sayansi komanso ntchito zachitukuko cha dziko lonse lapansi.
#5. Tim Berners-Lee
Sonkhanitsani mozungulira mafani aukadaulo, yakwana nthawi yoti muphunzire zanzeru zaluso zomwe zidapangitsa kuti anthu azichita bwino kwambiri - Sir Tim Berners-Lee!
Anabadwa pa June 8, 1955 ku London, Tim angasinthe dziko lathu kwamuyaya ndi ntchito yake yofunika kwambiri yokonza Webusaiti Yadziko Lonse.
Akugwira ntchito ngati kontrakitala ku CERN mu 1989, adalota njira yatsopano yomwe imaphatikiza ma hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) ndi ma uniform resource locators (URL) omwe amalola kuti zikalata zizilumikizana pakati pa makompyuta.
Ndipo monga choncho, ndi kubadwa kwa HTML, URIs ndi HTTP, njira yosinthira yogawana zambiri padziko lonse lapansi idabadwa. Koma masomphenya a Tim sanayime pamenepo - adayesetsa kuwonetsetsa kuti chilengedwe chake chikhalabe chotseguka komanso kupezeka kwa onse.
Kupambana kwake kwakukulu sikuli kochepera a wizardry yomwe imapatsa mphamvu mabiliyoni padziko lonse lapansi tsiku lililonse.
#6. Ada Lovelace
Tsopano nali mtsikana wanzeru yemwe anali patsogolo pa nthawi yake - Ada Lovelace!
Wobadwa pa December 10, 1815 ku London, katswiri wamasamu ameneyu anasonyeza chidwi chosakhutiritsidwa cha manambala kuyambira ali wamng’ono kwambiri.
Monga mwana yekhayo wovomerezeka wa wolemba ndakatulo wotchuka Lord Byron, Ada adakumana ndi zovuta zomwe zimayikidwa kwa akazi abwino koma amafunitsitsa kumvetsetsa sayansi mozama.
Zinali kudzera muubwenzi wake wamwayi ndi Charles Babbage, yemwe ankapanga injini yake yowunikira, kuti mphatso yapadera ya Ada ya logic computational idzaphuka.
Posanthula mapulani a Babbage, adasindikiza ndondomeko yoyamba yokonzedwa ndi makina - makamaka kulingalira za mapulogalamu amakono apakompyuta zaka zambiri isanafike nthawi yake!
Zolemba zake zowunikira zidatsimikizira kuti anali mpainiya weniweni - yemwe adawona kuthekera kwaukadaulo pa masamu ndi kupitirira apo.
Zambiri Zazikulu Zapadziko Lonse
- Mahatma Gandhi - Anatsogolera magulu osachita zachiwawa pofuna ufulu wa India komanso pambuyo pake ufulu wachibadwidwe chifukwa cha kusamvera anthu komanso ziwonetsero zamtendere. Atsogoleri ouziridwa padziko lonse lapansi.
- Marie Curie - Potsutsana ndi zopinga za amayi m'nthawi yake, adapita patsogolo kwambiri pa kafukufuku wa radioactivity ndipo anali yekhayo wamkazi yemwe adalandira mphotho ya Nobel mpaka 1959.
- Nelson Mandela - Ulemu wake ndi ukulu wake pakuyanjanitsa South Africa pambuyo poti tsankho lidatchuka padziko lonse lapansi ndikuwonetsa mphamvu yakukhululuka pa kubwezera.
- Frida Kahlo - Wojambula waku Mexico yemwe zithunzi zake zowoneka bwino komanso zophiphiritsa zidamupangitsa kukhala wosagonjetseka pakati pa zowawa zosatha za kuvulala kwangozi ali mwana.
- Martin Luther King Jr. - Mtsogoleri wowona za ufulu wachibadwidwe yemwe adalimbikitsa kufanana ndi chilungamo mwa kusachita chiwawa, kusonkhanitsa mamiliyoni ku America ndi zolankhula zake zokulirakulira komanso masomphenya.
- Sally Ride - Mayi woyamba waku America mumlengalenga, adakwaniritsa zomwe zidalimbikitsanso atsikana mamiliyoni ambiri kuti azigwira ntchito m'magawo a STEM omwe kale anali olamulidwa ndi amuna.
- Malala Yousafzai - Womenyera ufulu waku Pakistani yemwe adapulumuka kuphedwa kwa a Taliban ali ndi zaka 15 ndipo akadali woyimira wamphamvu padziko lonse lapansi womenyera ufulu wa atsikana pamaphunziro.
- Jackie Chan - Katswiri wamakanema komanso katswiri wankhondo yemwe adachita ziwonetsero zake zolimba mtima, ndikukhala chifaniziro chapadziko lonse lapansi chodziwika chifukwa cha makanema ake oseketsa komanso luso lolimbana ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi.
- Pablo Picasso - Wojambula wosintha yemwe adaphwanya miyambo yachikhalidwe yoyimilira kudzera mu Cubism, m'malo mwake akuwonetsa mitu yosiyanasiyana nthawi imodzi. Njira yake yatsopanoyi inasokoneza mabungwe aluso ndikulimbikitsa mikangano pa zomwe zidapanga luso.
- Vincent van Gogh - Wojambula wodziwika bwino wa Post-Impressionist yemwe kugwiritsa ntchito bwino utoto ndi maburashi opatsa chidwi kunali ndi chikoka chachikulu, ngakhale adapezeka ndi matenda amisala. Adapeza kutchuka atamwalira pazakale ngati Starry Night, m'moyo wake akulimbana ndi umphawi komanso kukhumudwa.
- F. Scott Fitzgerald - Wolemba wotchuka wa ku America wodziwika bwino chifukwa cha buku lake lakuti The Great Gatsby lonena za kukhumudwa ndi American Dream m'zaka za m'ma 1920. Mawu ophatikizika omwe amatanthauzira nthawi.
- Gabriel García Márquez - Wolemba mabuku waku Colombia yemwe amadziwika ndi zenizeni zamatsenga m'mabuku akale monga One Hundred Years of Solitude and Love in the Time of Cholera yomwe idakhazikitsidwa ku Latin America. Anapambana Mphoto ya Nobel mu Literature.
- César Chávez - Mtsogoleri wa ogwira ntchito ku Mexico ndi America komanso womenyera ufulu wachibadwidwe yemwe adayambitsa mgwirizano wa United Farm Workers. Kumenyera nkhondo anthu othawa kwawo komanso malo abwino ogwirira ntchito.
- Mkaka wa Harvey - Mkulu woyamba wosankhidwa kuti azigonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha ku California yemwe adagwira ntchito yopititsa patsogolo ufulu wa LGBTQ+ m'ma 1970.
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Kodi umunthu waukulu ndi ndani?
Anthu omwe tawatchula pamwambawa adasintha kwambiri ndipo akupitiliza kulimbikitsa anthu kudzera muzochita zawo zaupainiya, utsogoleri, zikhalidwe komanso kudzipereka kuti apite patsogolo.
Ndi umunthu uti wotchuka umene unapindula ndi luso lake?
Mmodzi mwa anthu otchuka omwe adapeza bwino kudzera mu luso lake akhoza kukhala Michael Jordan - yemwe amadziwika kuti ndi wosewera mpira wa basketball wamkulu kwambiri nthawi zonse, kuthamanga kwake kosayerekezeka ndi mpikisano wampikisano zinamupangitsa kuti apambane modabwitsa mu NBA.
Ndani anali nkhani yolimbikitsa kuchokera ku moyo wa anthu otchuka aku India?
Mahatma Gandhi, wobadwira m'banja lamalonda, adatsogolera gulu losagwirizana ndi ulamuliro wa Britain ndikubweretsa ufulu ku India. Iye anauzira anthu miyandamiyanda ndi uthenga wake wa choonadi, wopanda chiwawa ndi mgwirizano wachipembedzo.
