Kodi Khalidwe la Gulu N'chiyani? Kumvetsetsa Core Of Human Resources

M'dziko lovuta lazamalonda, kumvetsetsa kwamakhalidwe a bungwe ndikofunikira. Koma kodi khalidwe la bungwe ndi chiyani kwenikweni? Ndi gawo la magawo osiyanasiyana omwe amafufuza machitidwe a anthu, magulu, ndi magulu mkati mwa bungwe. Cholinga chake chachikulu ndikugwiritsa ntchito chidziwitsochi kuti bungwe liziyenda bwino komanso kuti lizigwira ntchito bwino. 

M'ndandanda wazopezekamo

• Kodi Organisational Behaviour ndi chiyani?
• Kufunika kwa Makhalidwe a Gulu
• 4 Zigawo Zofunikira za Makhalidwe a Gulu
  • Makhalidwe Payekha
  • Makhalidwe Amagulu
  • Kapangidwe ka Gulu ndi Chikhalidwe
  • Ndondomeko za Bungwe ndi Kusintha Kasamalidwe
  • Chikoka cha Makhalidwe a Gulu pa Ntchito za HR
• Kulemba Ntchito ndi Kusankha
  • Maphunziro ndi Kukula
  • Magwiridwe Akuyenda
  • Ubwenzi wa Ogwira Ntchito
  • Sintha Kusintha
• Kukulunga

Tiyeni tilowe muzinthu zazikulu za khalidwe la bungwe ndi kufunika kwake kuntchito zamakono.

Kodi Organisational Behaviour ndi chiyani?

Makhalidwe a bungwe ndi gawo lazinthu zambiri zomwe zimachokera ku psychology, sociology, anthropology, ndi management science. Cholinga chake chachikulu ndikumvetsetsa momwe anthu amakhalira m'mabungwe, bungwe lenilenilo, komanso kulumikizana kwapakati paziwirizi.

Phunziroli limafufuza momwe anthu, magulu, ndi magulu amakhudzira machitidwe a bungwe. Cholinga chake ndikuneneratu za machitidwe otere ndikugwiritsa ntchito chidziwitsochi kuti bungwe liziyenda bwino.

Kufunika kwa Makhalidwe a Gulu

Kuphunzira zamakhalidwe a bungwe ndikofunikira kwambiri pabizinesi yamakono. Zimathandizira kasamalidwe ndi thanzi la bungwe lililonse, kupereka zidziwitso zofunikira ndi zida zogwirira ntchito ndi anthu pantchito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti bungwe liziyenda bwino, lizigwira ntchito moyenera, komanso lizikhazikika.

• Kumvetsetsa kwa Workforce Dynamics: Makhalidwe a bungwe amapereka chidziwitso chozama cha momwe anthu amachitira m'bungwe. Kumvetsetsa zosinthika izi kumathandiza oyang'anira ndi atsogoleri kuyembekezera ndikuwongolera zovuta zomwe zimabwera chifukwa cha machitidwe amunthu ndi gulu.
• Utsogoleri Wabwino ndi Utsogoleri: Kumvetsetsa kakhalidwe ka bungwe kumapatsa atsogoleri ndi mamanenjala luso lolimbikitsa antchito, kuyang'anira zochitika zamagulu, ndikuthetsa kusamvana. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka m'malo osiyanasiyana ogwira ntchito komwe zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana ndi umunthu umalumikizana.
• Kupititsa patsogolo Ubwino wa Ogwira Ntchito ndi Kukhutira: Makhalidwe a bungwe amapereka zidziwitso zomwe zimathandiza mabungwe kumvetsetsa zomwe zimalimbikitsa antchito, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala okhutira, ndi momwe angakhalire opindulitsa. Ogwira ntchito nthawi zambiri amakhala ochita bwino komanso odzipereka ku bungwe lawo.
• Imathandizira Kusintha Kusintha: M’dziko lamasiku ano lazamalonda lofulumira, kusintha kuli kosalekeza. OB imapereka ndondomeko zoyendetsera kusintha kwa bungwe moyenera. Kumvetsetsa momwe anthu amachitira pakasinthidwe komanso njira zabwino zolankhulirana zakusintha ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse kukana ndikuwonetsetsa kuti kusintha kukuyenda bwino.
• Imalimbikitsa Chikhalidwe Chabwino cha Gulu: Chikhalidwe cha bungwe chimakhudza kwambiri khalidwe la ogwira ntchito ndi kachitidwe ka bungwe. Chikhalidwe cholimba chimagwirizana ndi zomwe bungwe limakonda komanso zolinga zake ndipo zimalimbikitsa kudzidziwitsa komanso kukhala ogwirizana pakati pa antchito.
• Imathandizira Kusiyanasiyana ndi Kuphatikizika: Pamene malo ogwirira ntchito akuchulukirachulukirachulukira, kumvetsetsa kachitidwe ka bungwe kumathandiza mabungwe kulemekeza ndikuphatikiza malingaliro osiyanasiyana. Izi sizimangolimbikitsa kuphatikizika komanso zimayendetsa luso komanso luso.
• Kupanga zisankho za Strategic: Mfundo za kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka ntchito. Izi zimatsimikizira kuti zisankho zitha kulandiridwa ndikukwaniritsidwa bwino.

4 Zigawo Zofunikira za Makhalidwe a Gulu

Makhalidwe a bungwe ndi gawo lovuta komanso losiyanasiyana lomwe lingathe kugawidwa mokulira mu zigawo zinayi zofunika. Chilichonse mwa zigawozi chimakhala ndi gawo lofunikira pakumvetsetsa ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito a mabungwe.

Makhalidwe Payekha

Chigawochi chimayang'ana kwambiri machitidwe, malingaliro, ndi machitidwe a ogwira ntchito pagulu. Izi ndizofunikira chifukwa membala aliyense m'bungwe amabweretsa umunthu wake wapadera, zomwe akumana nazo, komanso momwe amawonera kuntchito, kukhudza momwe amalumikizirana ndi ena, momwe amagwirira ntchito komanso momwe amathandizira pagulu.

Malo ofunikira kwambiri ndi awa:

• umunthu: Momwe mikhalidwe ya munthu payekha imakhudzira khalidwe lake ndi machitidwe awo kuntchito.
• likukula: Momwe anthu amatanthauzira ndikuzindikira malo omwe ali mgulu lawo.
• Chilimbikitso: Zomwe zimapangitsa anthu kuchita zinthu mwanjira zina komanso momwe angalimbikitsire chidwi chawo kuti apititse patsogolo magwiridwe antchito.
• Kuphunzira ndi Kukula: Njira zomwe ogwira ntchito amapezera kapena kusintha maluso, chidziwitso, ndi machitidwe.
• Maganizo: Izi ndi zowunika zomwe ogwira ntchito amakhala nazo pamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya malo awo antchito, monga ntchito yawo, anzawo, kapena bungwe lomwe. 
• Kupanga zisankho ndi kuthetsa mavuto: Izi zikuphatikizapo kumvetsetsa masitayelo osiyanasiyana opangira zisankho, kugwiritsa ntchito chiweruzo, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito luso loganiza mozama.

Makhalidwe Amagulu

Makhalidwe a gulu m'makonzedwe a bungwe amatanthauza zochita, zochitika, ndi zochitika zomwe zimachitika pakati pa anthu pamene abwera pamodzi m'magulu kapena magulu. Kumvetsetsa khalidwe lamagulu n'kofunika kwambiri kwa mabungwe chifukwa kungakhudze kwambiri ntchito yonse, kukhutira kwa ogwira ntchito, ndi kukwaniritsa zolinga za bungwe.

Izi zikuphatikizapo maphunziro a:

• Mphamvu Zamagulu: Momwe anthu amachitira, kugwirira ntchito limodzi, ndi kukwaniritsa zolinga mu gulu.
• Njira Zolumikizirana: Kuyenda kwa chidziwitso m'magulu, kuphatikizapo zolepheretsa kulankhulana bwino.
• Masitayilo a Utsogoleri ndi Kasamalidwe: Momwe utsogoleri ndi kasamalidwe kosiyanitsira zimakhudzira khalidwe ndi kachitidwe ka gulu.
• Kusamvana ndi Kukambirana: Mchitidwe wa kusamvana pakati pa magulu ndi njira zokambilana ndi kuthetsa kusamvana.
• Miyambo yamagulu ndi Conformity: Magulu akupanga miyambo yawoyawo yomwe ndi mikhalidwe yomwe mamembala amayenera kutsatira.
• Mphamvu ndi Ndale M'magulu: Mphamvu zamphamvu pagulu, monga yemwe ali ndi ulamuliro ndi momwe zimagwiritsidwira ntchito, zimatha kukhudza khalidwe la gulu.

Kapangidwe ka Gulu ndi Chikhalidwe

Izi ndi mbali ziwiri zofunika kwambiri za kachitidwe ka bungwe zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri momwe kampani imagwirira ntchito ndikugwirira ntchito. Onsewa ali ndi gawo lofunikira pakuwongolera machitidwe ndi malingaliro a ogwira ntchito, ndipo kuwamvetsetsa ndikofunikira pakuwongolera ndi utsogoleri wabwino.

Mfundo zazikuluzikulu za khalidwe lamagulu ndi monga:

• Kapangidwe ndi Kapangidwe ka Gulu: Momwe dongosolo la bungwe limakhudzira machitidwe ake ndi machitidwe a antchito.
• Chikhalidwe cha Gulu: Zikhulupiriro, zikhulupiriro, ndi zikhulupiriro zomwe zimagwirizanitsa chikhalidwe ndi chikhalidwe cha bungwe.
• Mphamvu ndi Ndale: Udindo wa mphamvu zamphamvu ndi machitidwe a ndale pakupanga moyo wa bungwe.

Ndondomeko za Bungwe ndi Kusintha Kasamalidwe

Derali limayang'ana kwambiri zakusintha kwamagulu mkati mwa bungwe komanso njira zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimathandizira kapena kuyendetsa kusinthaku. Derali ndi lofunikira pakuwonetsetsa kuti mabungwe azitha kuthana ndi zovuta komanso mwayi wamkati ndi kunja. 

Tiyeni tifufuze mitu yofunika kwambiri m'derali:

• Sintha Kusintha: Sinthani kasamalidwe imayang'ana njira ndi njira zoyendetsera kusintha kwa bungwe moyenera.
• Njira Zopangira zisankho: Momwe zisankho zimapangidwira m'mabungwe ndi zinthu zomwe zimakhudza njirazi.
• Zatsopano ndi Chilengedwe: Kulimbikitsa malo omwe amalimbikitsa luso komanso kuthetsa mavuto mwaluso.

Chikoka cha Makhalidwe a Gulu pa Ntchito za HR

Makhalidwe a bungwe amakhudza mbali zosiyanasiyana za ntchito za HR, kuyambira pakulembera anthu ntchito ndi kusankha kupita ku maphunziro, chitukuko, ndi kasamalidwe ka ntchito. Nawa kufotokozera mwatsatanetsatane momwe machitidwe a bungwe amasinthira machitidwe a HR:

Kulemba Ntchito ndi Kusankha

Khalidwe la bungwe limatsindika kufunika kofananiza umunthu wa munthu ndi zikhalidwe zake ndi ntchito ndi chikhalidwe cha bungwe. Kumvetsetsa kumeneku kumathandiza akatswiri a HR kupanga mafotokozedwe abwino a ntchito, kusankha njira zoyenera zolembera anthu, ndikukonzekera njira zoyankhulirana zomwe sizimangowunika luso komanso chikhalidwe ndi ntchito.

Kuphatikiza apo, zidziwitso zochokera kumaphunziro abungwe zamakhalidwe abwino zaupangiri wosiyanasiyana wa ogwira ntchito a HR pakugwiritsa ntchito njira zophatikizira zolembera anthu ntchito, ndicholinga chofuna kupanga anthu ogwira ntchito omwe amabweretsa malingaliro osiyanasiyana ndi njira zothetsera mavuto.

Maphunziro ndi Kukula

Ziphunzitso zamakhalidwe a bungwe, monga masitayilo ophunzirira ndi mfundo zophunzirira anthu akuluakulu, zimatsogolera pakukonza mapulogalamu ophunzitsira. HR amagwiritsa ntchito zidziwitso izi kupanga maphunziro omwe samangotengera luso komanso amayang'ana kwambiri pakuwongolera kulumikizana, kugwira ntchito limodzi, ndi utsogoleri.

Makhalidwe abungwe amathandizanso kumvetsetsa zokhumba za ogwira ntchito ndi zoyendetsa zolimbikitsa, gawo lofunikira mu OB, lomwe limathandiza HR kukonza mapulani achitukuko chamunthu payekhapayekha komanso kukonza zotsatizana bwino.

Magwiridwe Akuyenda

Makhalidwe a bungwe amapereka malingaliro osiyanasiyana olimbikitsa (mwachitsanzo, maudindo a Maslow a zosowa, chiphunzitso cha zinthu ziwiri za Herzberg) zomwe HR angagwiritse ntchito popanga machitidwe oyendetsera ntchito. Machitidwewa amafuna kulimbikitsa ogwira ntchito mwa kuzindikiridwa, mphotho, ndi mwayi wopititsa patsogolo ntchito.

Komanso, machitidwe a bungwe amagogomezera kufunikira kwa mayankho ogwira mtima. HR amaphatikiza izi popanga njira zowunikira magwiridwe antchito omwe amakhala olimbikitsa, okhazikika, komanso ogwirizana ndi zolinga zamunthu payekha komanso bungwe.

Ubwenzi wa Ogwira Ntchito

Khalidwe la bungwe limapereka chidziwitso pakuwongolera kusamvana ndi njira zothetsera mikangano. HR amagwiritsa ntchito njirazi pothana ndi mikangano yapantchito, kuwonetsetsa kuti malo ogwira ntchito azikhala ogwirizana.

Sintha Kusintha

Makhalidwe a bungwe amapereka ndondomeko zowunikira momwe antchito amachitira kusintha. HR amagwiritsa ntchito chidziwitsochi kukonza zosintha, kuwonetsetsa kuti azilankhulana momveka bwino, kuphunzitsa, ndi kuthandizira ogwira ntchito kuti achepetse kusintha ndikuchepetsa kukana.

Kukulunga Izo!

Mgwirizano pakati pa machitidwe a bungwe ndi ntchito za anthu ndizofunikira pa chitukuko ndi kasamalidwe ka ogwira ntchito m'bungwe. Ngakhale machitidwe a bungwe amapereka maziko omveka kuti amvetsetse khalidwe la ogwira ntchito, anthu amamasulira zidziwitso izi kukhala njira zothandiza ndi machitidwe. 

Kumvetsetsa zomwe zili m'bungwe ndi kufunikira kwake ndikofunikira kwa bungwe lililonse lomwe likufuna kukonza magwiridwe antchito, kukulitsa kukhutira kwa ogwira ntchito, ndikulimbikitsa malo ogwira ntchito abwino komanso opindulitsa. Kudziwa uku kumathandizira atsogoleri ndi oyang'anira kuti azitha kuyang'anira bwino zovuta zomwe zimachitika pakati pa anthu ndi machitidwe a bungwe.