Ngaba ukhe wazibuza ukuba siyibeka njani idatha ngokweyona ndlela isisiseko? Ngenisa isikali segama, ingqikelelo esisiseko kwizibalo ebeka isiseko sokuqonda idatha yodidi.
Kule blog post, masingene kule ngcamango nge umzekelo wesikali esiqhelekileyo ukuqonda ukubaluleka kwayo ekucwangciseni nasekutolikeni ulwazi ngokufanelekileyo.
Isiqulatho
- Yintoni iNominal Scale?
- Ukwahlula iSikali soMzimba kwezinye iintlobo zeZikali
- Imizekelo yesikali soMzimba
- Usetyenziso lweZikali eziQhelekileyo
- isiphelo
Iingcebiso zoPhando olusebenzayo
Yintoni iNominal Scale?
Inkcazo yeSikali soMzimba
Isikali somlinganiselo luhlobo lwesikali somlinganiselo apho amanani okanye iilebhile zisetyenziselwa ukwahlula okanye ukuchonga izinto, kodwa amanani ngokwawo akanalo ulandelelwano okanye intsingiselo yendalo. Ngamanye amagama, ziithegi okanye iileyibhile ezihlela idatha ngokwamaqela ahlukeneyo.
- Umzekelo, xa uhlela iziqhamo, unokumane uzibhale njenge "iapile," "ibhanana," "iorenji," or "i-grapefruit." Indlela ezidweliswe ngayo ayinamsebenzi.
Iimpawu zeSikali soMzimba
Nazi ezinye iimpawu eziphambili zesikali esiqhelekileyo:
- Umgangatho: Amanani akabonisi ubuninzi okanye ubukhulu, asebenza nje njengeeleyibhile. Endaweni yokulinganisa ubungakanani, babeka phambili ukuchonga umgangatho wento, "Intoni" ngaphandle kwe "kagakanani".
- Uluhlu: Idatha yahlulahlulwe yaziindidi ezahlukileyo, ezikhethekileyo ngaphandle kokudibana. Into nganye yodidi olunye kuphela.
- Ayiodolwanga: Iindidi azinalo ulandelelwano lwendalo okanye umgangatho. Umzekelo, "amehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka" kunye "aluhlaza" awakho ngcono okanye abi kakhulu, ahluke nje.
- Iileyibhile ezingafanelekanga: Amanani okanye iilebhile ezinikezelwe kwiindidi ngamagama nje kwaye zinokutshintshwa ngaphandle kokuchaphazela intsingiselo yedatha. Ukurekhoda kwakhona "1" kwi "apile" kuhlelo lweziqhamo aluwutshintshi undoqo.
- Imisebenzi yezibalo enyiniweyo: Unokwenza kuphela imisebenzi yezibalo njengokudibanisa okanye ukuthabatha kwidatha yegama ukuba amanani anentsingiselo yobungakanani. Ungabala kuphela ukuba zingaphi izinto eziwela kudidi ngalunye.
- Iyachaza, hayi uthelekiso: Bachaza ukuhanjiswa kwedatha ngaphakathi kweendidi, kodwa kungekhona ubukhulu okanye umyalelo phakathi kwabo. Ungatsho ukuba bangaphi abantu abathanda i-pizza nganye, kodwa ungatsho ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba umntu "uthanda" i-pepperoni ngaphezu kwesinye i-topping.
Izikali zokulinganisa zisisiseko sokuqonda iipateni ezisisiseko zedatha kunye neendidi. Ngelixa benemida kuhlalutyo olunzulu, badlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqokeleleni idatha kunye nokuhlola kokuqala.
Ukwahlula iSikali soMzimba kwezinye iintlobo zeZikali
Ukuqonda umahluko phakathi kwegama kunye nezinye iintlobo zezikali zokulinganisa kubalulekile ekuhlalutyeni idatha ngokufanelekileyo.
Igama vs. Ordinal:
- Igama: Alukho ulungelelwaniso lwendalo, iindidi nje (umzekelo, umbala wamehlo - blue, brown, green). Awukwazi ukuthi "umdaka ungcono kunobhulowu."
- Okuqhelekileyo: Iindidi zinomyalelo, kodwa umahluko phakathi kwazo awaziwa (umzekelo, ulwaneliseko lohlelo - waneliseke kakhulu, waneliseke noko, awanelisekanga). Unokuthi "waneliseke kakhulu" kungcono kuno "wanelisekile," kodwa hayi ukuba ngcono kangakanani.
U no kuthanda: Umzekelo we-Ordinal Scale
Igama vs. Isithuba:
- Igama: Akukho myalelo, iindidi nje.
- Ikhefu: Iindidi zineodolo, kwaye umahluko phakathi kwazo uyangqinelana (umzekelo, ubushushu obukwiCelsius/Fahrenheit). Unokuthi i-20°C ishushu nge-10° kune-10°C.
U no kuthanda: Isithuba soMlinganiselo weSikali
Ngokwesiqhelo vs. Ireyisho:
- Igama: Akukho myalelo, iindidi nje.
- Indawo: Iindidi zinolandelelwano kunye nenqaku elinguziro lokwenyani (umzekelo, ubude beemitha/iinyawo). Unokuthi i-1.8m ubude obuphindwe kabini kuno-0.9m.
khumbula:
- Ungaguqula idatha yegama kwezinye izikali kuphela ukuba ulahlekelwa lulwazi (umzekelo, igama ukuya kwi-ordinal, ulahlekelwa ulwazi lomyalelo).
- Ulwazi oluthe kratya lwesikali (i-ordinal, interval, ratio), kokukhona ucazululo oluntsonkothileyo nolunamandla onokuthi ulwenze.
- Ukukhetha isikali esifanelekileyo kuxhomekeke kumbuzo wakho wophando kunye neendlela zokuqokelela idatha.
Nanku umzekeliso:
- Khawube nomfanekiso-ngqondweni weziqhamo. Ngobizo - ubahlula kuphela (iapile, ibhanana). I-Ordinal - ubabeka ngobumnandi (1 - ubuncinci, 5 - uninzi). Ikhefu - ulinganisa umxholo weswekile (0-10 grams). Umlinganiselo - uthelekisa umxholo weswekile, ukubalwa kwe-zero yokwenyani (akukho swekile).
Imizekelo yesikali soMzimba
Nantsi eminye imizekelo eqhelekileyo yezikali zamagama, eziquka imiba eyahlukeneyo yobomi bethu:
Iimpawu zoBuqu-UMzekelo weSikali soMlinganiso
- isini: Indoda, ibhinqa, i-non-binary, enye
- Ubume obuxela ukuba utshatile okanye awutshatanga: Abangatshatanga, abatshatileyo, abaqhawule umtshato, abahlolokazi, abahlukene
- Umbala wenwle: I-Blonde, i-brunette, i-redhead, emnyama, i-gray, njl.
- Ubuzwe: American, French, Japanese, Indian, etc.
- Umbala Wamehlo: Blue, brown, green, hazel, njl.
- Umsebenzi: Ugqirha, utitshala, injineli, umzobi, njl.
IiMveliso kunye neeNkonzo-UMzekelo weSikali soMzimba
- Uphawu lweMoto: Toyota, Honda, Ford, Tesla, njl.
- Uhlobo lweNdawo yokutyela: IsiTaliyane, iMexico, isiTshayina, isiThai, njl.
- Indlela yoThutho: Ibhasi, uloliwe, inqwelomoya, ibhayisekile, njl.
- Uluhlu lweWebhusayithi: Iindaba, imidiya yoluntu, ukuthenga, ukuzonwabisa, njl.
- Uhlobo lwemuvi: Okuhlekisayo, idrama, intshukumo, imincili, njl.
Uvavanyo kunye noluhlu lwemibuzo-uMzekelo weSikali soMzimba
- Ewe Hayi mpendulo
- Imibuzo yokhetho oluninzi olunokhetho olungaodolwanga: (umzekelo, umbala okhethiweyo, umdlalo owuthandayo)
Eminye iMizekeliso-uMzekelo weSikali soMzimba
- Ukumanywa kweqela lezopolitiko: Idemokhrasi, iRiphabhlikhi, iZimeleyo, iQela eliGreen, njl.
- Ihlelo leNkolo: AmaKatolika, amaSilamsi, amaHindu, amaBhuda, njl.
- Ubungakanani Bempahla: S, M, L, XL, njl.
- Usuku lweVeki: NgoMvulo, ngoLwesibini, ngoLwesithathu, njl.
- Uhlobo lwegazi: A, B, AB, O
Ibhonasi-uMzekelo weSikali soMzimba
- I-Coin toss: Iintloko, imisila
- ISuti yekhadi lokudlala: Imihlakulo, iintliziyo, iidayimani, iiklabhu
- Irobhothi: Ubomvu, tyheli, luhlaza
Usetyenziso lweZikali eziQhelekileyo
Izikali zokulinganisa zineendlela ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza ezisebenzayo kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo.
- Amanani abantu: Bancedisa ekuhleleni ulwazi olufana nesini, ubudala, ubuhlanga, kunye nenqanaba lemfundo. Oku kunceda abantu abafana nabaphandi kunye nabenzi bomgaqo-nkqubo baqonde ukuba ngubani owenza iqela kwaye benze ukhetho olufanelekileyo.
- Uphando lwemakethi: Amashishini azisebenzisayo ukuze alungelelanise iinkcukacha malunga nokuba abantu bathanda ukuthenga ntoni, bacinga ntoni ngeempawu, kunye nendlela abazithenga ngayo. Oku kunceda iinkampani zifumanise ukuba zingathengisela bani kwaye zibhengezwe njani.
- Uvavanyo kunye noluhlu lwemibuzo: Ngaba uke ugcwalise ifomu apho kufuneka ukhethe kwizinto ezimbalwa ozikhethayo? Izikali ezizizo zisemva koko. Bancedisa ekulungiseleleni iimpendulo kwimibuzo efana nokuba yeyiphi i-soda brand abayithandayo okanye leliphi iqela lezopolitiko abalixhasayo.
- INzululwazi yezoNyango nezeMpilo: Oogqirha kunye noosonzululwazi bazisebenzisa ekuhleleni izinto ezifana nezifo, iimpawu, kunye neziphumo zovavanyo. Oku kwenza kube lula ukufumanisa iingxaki nokucwangcisa unyango.
- I nzu luluntu: Abaphandi kwiinkalo ezifana nezentlalo, isayikholoji, kunye ne-anthropology basebenzisa isikali esiqhelekileyo ukwenza iqela izinto ezifana neempawu zobuntu, izenzo zenkcubeko, kunye neendlela zentlalo. Oku kubanceda baqonde indlela abantu abaziphatha ngayo nokuba kutheni.
- Ukwahlulahlulwa kwabaThengi: Amashishini azisebenzisa ukwenza iqela labathengi ngokusekelwe kwizinto ezifana neminyaka, izinto ezinomdla kunye neendlela zokuthenga. Oku kubanceda benze iimveliso kunye neentengiso ezinomtsalane kumaqela athile abantu.
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isiphelo
Izikali ezizizo zisebenza njengezixhobo ezisisiseko zokuhlela idatha ngaphandle kokuthetha naluphi na ulandelelwano lwendalo. Ngomzekelo wezikali ezikhethiweyo, ezifana nesini, isimo somtshato, kunye nobuhlanga, sibona ukuba kubaluleke kangakanani ekuququzeleleni ulwazi kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Ukwazi indlela yokusebenzisa izikali eziqhelekileyo kusinceda siqonde idatha entsonkothileyo ngcono, ukuze sikwazi ukwenza ukhetho olukrelekrele kwaye siqonde izinto ngokucacileyo.
