Root Cause Analysis Method | Tsanangudzo, Mabhenefiti, uye 5 Zvakanakisa Zvishandiso | Yakagadziridzwa muna 2024

Munyika inogara ichichinja yemasangano, kufunga uye kubata nezvikonzero zvikuru zvezvinetso zvakakosha pakukura kwenguva refu. Root Cause Analysis Method (RCA) inzira yakarongeka inodarika kugadzirisa zviratidzo, ichivavarira kuburitsa pachena nyaya chaidzo dzinokonzera matambudziko. Nekushandisa RCA, masangano anogona kuvandudza kugona kwavo kugadzirisa matambudziko, kuita kuti maitiro ashande, uye kukudziridza tsika yekuvandudza inoenderera.

Mune ino blog positi, isu tichaongorora kuti chii chaicho chikonzero chekuongorora nzira, mabhenefiti ayo, uye mashanu epakati RCA maturusi.

Table Of Contents

• Chii chinonzi Root Cause Analysis Method?
• Benefits Of Root Cause Analysis
• 5 Root Cause Analysis Tools
  • 1/ Fishbone Diagram 
  • 2/5 Nei
  • 3/ Pareto Analysis
  • 4/ Kukundikana Mode uye Effect Analysis (FMEA)
  • 5/ Kuparadzira Diagram
• Zvitsva Zvitsva
• FAQs

Chii chinonzi Root Cause Analysis Method?

Root Cause Analysis Method inzira yakarongeka uye yakarongeka inoshandiswa kuona nekugadzirisa nyaya mukati mesangano. 

Iyi nzira, inozivikanwawo se "root cause analysis," inoshandisa nzira chaidzo kutsvaga zvikonzero zvezvinetso. Zvinopfuura zviratidzo zvepamusoro-soro kuti usvike pamudzi wedambudziko. Nekushandisa nzira iyi, masangano anogona kuona zvinhu zvakakosha zvinokonzera matambudziko uye kugadzira mhinduro dzinoshanda. 

Iyi nzira chikamu chenzira yakafararira inosimbisa kunzwisisa uye kudzikisira zvinokonzeresa kudzivirira kudzoka kwematambudziko uye kukurudzira kuenderera mberi kwekuvandudza.

Benefits Of Root Cause Analysis 

• Kudzivirira Dambudziko: Root Cause Analysis nzira inobatsira mukuona zvikonzero zvinokonzeresa, zvichibvumira masangano kuita matanho ekudzivirira. Nekugadzirisa zvinokonzeresa, masangano anogona kudzivirira kudzoka kwematambudziko, kuderedza mukana wematambudziko emangwana.
• Kuvandudzwa Kwekuita Sarudzo: Root Cause Analysis nzira inopa kunzwisisa kwakadzama kwezvinhu zvinokonzeresa matambudziko, ichigonesa kuita sarudzo ine ruzivo. Masangano anogona kuita sarudzo dzakasimba uye dzinoshanda nekutarisa zvikonzero, zvichitungamira mukugovewa kwezviwanikwa zviri nani uye mhinduro dzenguva refu.
• Kuwedzeredzwa Kwekugadzirisa Matambudziko: RCA's yakarongeka maitiro inovandudza hunyanzvi hwekugadzirisa matambudziko muzvikwata. Inokurudzira kunyatsoongorora, kupa simba kufamba kwakanaka kwezvinetso uye kukurudzira tsika yekuenderera mberi kwekuvandudza.
• Efficient Process Optimization: Kutsvaga zvikonzero neRoot Cause Analysis nzira inobvumira mashandiro akakwenenzverwa. Izvi zvinotungamira mukusimudzira kushanda zvakanaka, kuderedzwa kwemarara, uye kuwedzera kubereka sezvo zvikwata zvinotarisa kugadzirisa nyaya dzakakosha mukufambiswa kwebasa.

5 Root Cause Analysis Tools

Kunyatsoita Root Cause Analysis Method, maturusi akasiyana siyana anoshandiswa kuongorora zvine hungwaru uye kunzwisisa zvinhu zvinokonzeresa matambudziko. Pano, tichaongorora maturusi mashanu akakosha anoshandiswa zvakanyanya kune Root Cause Analysis Method.

1/ Fishbone Dhiagiramu (Ishikawa kana Chikonzero-uye-Effect Diagram):

Iyo dhayagiramu yehove kana mudzi chikonzero chekuongorora nzira yehove iratidziro yekuona iyo inobatsira mukuronga nekuongorora zvinogona kukonzera dambudziko. 

Chimiro chayo chakafanana neskeleton yehove, ine "mapfupa" anomiririra mapoka akasiyana sevanhu, maitiro, zvishandiso, nharaunda, nezvimwe. Ichi chishandiso chinokurudzira kuongororwa kwakasiyana-siyana kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana kuona chikonzero, zvichipa maonero akakwana emamiriro edambudziko.

Maitirwo acho anosanganisira zvirongwa zvekudyidzana zvepfungwa apo nhengo dzechikwata dzinopa zvinogoneka pasi pechikamu chimwe nechimwe. Nekuona kuronga izvi zvinopinza, timu inowana ruzivo muhukama hwakabatana pakati pezvinhu zvakasiyana, kufambisa nzira yakanangwa yekuongorora chikonzero chemidzi.

2/5 Nei:

Iyo 5 whys nzira yekuongorora chikonzero inzira yakatwasuka asi ine simba yekubvunza inokurudzira zvikwata kuti zvidzokorore kubvunza kuti "nei" kudzamara chikonzero chikuru chedambudziko chafumurwa. 

Chishandiso ichi chinoongorora zvakadzika muzvikamu zvekukonzeresa, zvichikurudzira kuongororwa kwakadzama kwenyaya dziripo. Mamiriro ekudzokorora emubvunzo anobatsira kubvisa zviratidzo zvepamusoro-soro, zvichiratidza izvo zviri kukonzera dambudziko.

Iyo 5 whys nzira yekuongorora chikonzero chemidzi inoshanda mukureruka kwayo uye kuwanikwa, zvichiita kuti ive chishandiso chakakosha chekukurumidza kugadzirisa matambudziko uye kuziva chikonzero chechikonzero. Inokurudzira kuenderera mberi kwekuongorora kunodarika mhinduro dzekutanga kusvika pamwoyo wenyaya.

3/ Pareto Analysis:

Pareto Analysis, yakavakirwa pa Pareto Musimboti, chishandiso chinobatsira kukoshesa nyaya nekuisa pfungwa pazvishoma zvakakosha pane kufunga zvisina basa zvakawanda. Nheyo iyi inoratidza kuti ingangoita 80% yemhedzisiro inobva ku20% yezvikonzero. Muchirevo cheRCA, izvi zvinoreva kuisa pfungwa pakuedza pane zvakakosha zvishoma izvo zvinopa zvakanyanya kudambudziko.

Nekushandisa Pareto Analysis, zvikwata zvinokwanisa kuona uye kuisa pamberi pazvo kuedza kwavo kugadzirisa zvikonzero zvakakosha izvo zvichave zvakanyanya kukanganisa kugadzirisa dambudziko. Ichi chishandiso chinonyanya kubatsira kana zviwanikwa zvisingakwanisi, kuve nechokwadi nzira yakanangwa uye inoshanda kuRCA.

4/ Kukundikana Mode uye Effect Analysis (FMEA):

Inowanzo shandiswa mukugadzira uye engineering, Kukundikana Mode uye Effect Analysis (FMEA) inzira yakarongeka yekuona uye kukoshesa nzira dzinogona kutadza mukuita. FMEA inoongorora Kuoma, Kuitika, uye Kuonekwa kwezvingangoita kutadza, ichipa zvibodzwa kune yega yega chiyero.

FMEA inzira inobatsira zvikwata kukoshesa kutarisa kwavo kunzvimbo dzine njodzi yakanyanya. Nekuongorora zvinogona kuitika, mukana wekuitika, uye kugona kuona kukundikana, zvikwata zvinogona kuona kuti ndedzipi nzvimbo dzinoda kutariswa zvakanyanya. Izvi zvinobvumira zvikwata kuti zvigovane zviwanikwa zvavo uye kugadzirisa zvingangoitika zvisati zvaita dambudziko.

5/ Kuparadzira Dhidhiyo:

A Scatter Diagram chinhu chinooneka chinoshandiswa mu Root Cause Analysis kuongorora hukama pakati pezvinhu zviviri zvakasiyana. 

Nekuronga mapoinzi edhata pagirafu, inoratidza mapatani, kuwirirana, kana mafambiro, zvichibatsira mukuzivikanwa kwezvingangobatanidzwa pakati pezvinhu. Mufananidzo uyu unopa nzira inokurumidza uye iri nyore yekunzwisisa hukama mukati medataset.

Kungave kuongorora chikonzero-ne-mhedzisiro masimba kana kuona zvinogona kukanganisa zvinhu, iyo Scatter Diagram yakakosha mukunzwisisa kupindirana kwezvakasiyana uye kutungamira sarudzo dzehungwaru dzekugadzirisa zvinobudirira matambudziko mumamiriro akasiyana esangano.

Zvishandiso izvi pamwe chete zvinoumba gadziriro yakasimba yemasangano ari kutsvaga kuita Root Cause Analysis nemazvo. Kunyangwe kuona hukama hwakaoma neFishbone Diagrams, kuongorora zvakadzika ne5 Whys, kuisa pamberi kuedza nePareto Analysis, kana kutarisira kutadza neFMEA, chishandiso chega chega chinoita basa rakasiyana mukuzivikanwa kwakarongeka uye kugadzirisa nyaya dziri pasi, kusimudzira tsika yekuenderera mberi kwekuvandudza mukati. sangano.

Zvitsva Zvitsva

Kuitwa kwenzira yekuongorora chikonzero kwakakosha kumasangano ane chinangwa chekugadzirisa matambudziko nemazvo. Kumbundikira nzira dzakarongeka, dzakadai semasesheni ekufunga pfungwa uye kupatsanura, kunovimbisa kunyatsoongorora kwezviripo. 

Kuwedzera maitiro aya, kushandisa AhaSlides kumisangano uye zvirongwa zvepfungwa zvinobuda semutambo-kuchinja. AhaSlides inofambisa kushandirapamwe-chaiyo-nguva, ichipa maturusi anodyidzana ekufunga zvine simba uye pamwe chete kugadzirisa matambudziko. Nekushandisa simba AhaSlides, masangano haangogadzirisi maitiro avo ekuongorora chikonzero asiwo anokurudzira nharaunda yekubatana uye hunyanzvi.

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