Namhlanje, singena kwingqikelelo ye umlinganiselo wesikali sesithuba -ilitye lembombo kwihlabathi lezibalo ezinokuvakala zintsonkothile kodwa zinomdla ngendlela emangalisayo kwaye zibalulekile kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla.
Ukusuka kwindlela esixelela ngayo ixesha ukuya kwindlela esilinganisa ngayo iqondo lobushushu, izikali zokuphumla zidlala indima ebalulekileyo. Masisombulule le ngcamango kunye, sihlolisise undoqo wayo, iimpawu ezizodwa, uthelekiso nezinye izikali, kunye nemizekelo yokwenyani yehlabathi!
Isiqulatho
Iingcebiso zoPhando olusebenzayo
Yintoni i-Interval Scale Measurement?
Umlinganiselo womlinganiselo wesithuba luhlobo lwesikali somlinganiselo wedatha osetyenziswa kwimimandla yamanani kunye nophando ukulinganisa umahluko phakathi kwamaqumrhu. Ngomnye wamanqanaba amane ezikali zokulinganisa, ecaleni kwegama, izikali zomlinganiselo, kunye umzekelo wesikali esiqhelekileyo.
Iluncedo kakhulu kwiindawo ezininzi ezifana nezengqondo, ukufundisa, kunye nokufunda uluntu kuba isinceda silinganise izinto ezifana nokuba umntu okrelekrele kangakanani (amanqaku e-IQ), kushushu okanye kubanda kangakanani (ubushushu), okanye imihla.
Iimpawu eziphambili zoMlinganiselo wesikali seThutyana
Umlinganiselo womlinganiselo wesithuba uza neempawu ezahlukileyo eziwenza wahluke kwezinye iindidi zezikali zomlinganiselo. Ukuqonda ezi mpawu kubalulekile ekusebenziseni ngokufanelekileyo izikali zekhefu kuphando kunye nohlalutyo lwedatha. Nazi iimpawu eziphambili:
Nditsho namanyathelo kuyo yonke indawo (Equal Intervals):
Into enkulu malunga nezikali zekhefu kukuba umsantsa phakathi kwawo nawaphi na amanani amabini ecaleni kwelinye uhlala ufana, nokuba uphi na kwisikali. Oku kwenza kube luncedo ngokwenene ukuthelekisa ukuba kakhulu okanye ngaphantsi kwento enye xa ithelekiswa nenye.
- Umzekelo, ukutsiba ukusuka ku-10°C ukuya ku-11°C kufana nje nokutsiba ukusuka ku-20°C ukuya kuma-21°C xa uthetha ngobushushu.
U-Zero siSibambi-ndawo nje (iNdawo enguZero engenamkhethe):
Ngezikali zekhefu, i-zero ayithethi “nto apho.” Yinqaku nje elichongiweyo ukuqalisa ukubala ukusuka, kungekhona kwezinye izikali apho u-zero uthetha ukuba kukho into engekhoyo ngokupheleleyo. Umzekelo omhle ngulo indlela i-0°C ayithethi ukuba akukho bushushu; ithetha nje ukuba kulapho amanzi eba ngumkhenkce.
Ukongeza kunye nokuThatha kuphela:
Ungasebenzisa izikali zekhefu ukudibanisa okanye ukususa amanani ukufumana umahluko phakathi kwawo. Kodwa ngenxa yokuba u-zero engathethi “nanye,” awukwazi ukusebenzisa uphinda-phindo okanye ukwahlula-hlula ukuze uthi into “ishushu ngokuphindwe kabini” okanye “isiqingatha sokubanda.”
AndinakuThetha malunga neRetiations:
Kuba u-zero kwezi zikali akango-zero, ukuthi into “iphindwe kabini” akunangqiqo. Konke oku kungenxa yokuba siphosa isiqalo esiyinyani esithetha ukuba “akukho nanye.”
Amanani anengqiqo:
Yonke into ekwisikali sekhefu ime ngolungelelwano, kwaye unokuxela ngokuthe ngqo ukuba lingakanani inani elithelekiswa nelinye. Oku kuvumela abaphandi ukuba balungelelanise imilinganiselo yabo kwaye bathethe malunga nokuba mkhulu okanye umncinci kangakanani umahluko.
Imizekeliso yoMlinganiselo weThutyana loMlinganiso
Isithuba somlinganiselo wesikali sibonelela ngendlela yokulinganisa kunye nokuthelekisa iiyantlukwano phakathi kwezinto ezinezithuba ezilinganayo phakathi kwamaxabiso kodwa ngaphandle kwenqaku elinguziro lokwenyani. Nantsi imizekelo yemihla ngemihla:
1/ Ubushushu (Celsius okanye Fahrenheit):
Izikali zobushushu ziyimizekelo yakudala yezikali zokuphumla. Umahluko wamaqondo obushushu phakathi kwama-20°C nama-30°C ulingana nomahluko ophakathi kwama-30°C nama-40°C. Nangona kunjalo, i-0 ° C okanye i-0 ° F ayithethi ukungabikho kobushushu; yingongoma nje esikalini.
2/ IQ Amanqaku:
Intelligence Quotient (IQ) amanqaku alinganiswa kwi-interval scale. Umahluko phakathi kwamanqaku awuguquguquki, kodwa akukho nqaku elinguziro lokwenyani apho ubukrelekrele bungekhoyo.
3/ Iminyaka yeKhalenda:
Xa sisebenzisa iminyaka ukulinganisa ixesha, sisebenza ngesikali sekhefu. Umsantsa phakathi ko-1990 no-2000 uyafana nophakathi kuka-2000 no-2010, kodwa akukho nyaka “zero” obonisa ukungabikho kwexesha.
4/ Ixesha losuku:
Ngokufanayo, ixesha losuku kwiwotshi eneeyure ezili-12 okanye ezingama-24 ngumlinganiselo wesithuba. Ikhefu eliphakathi ko-1:00 no-2:00 liyafana neliphakathi kwe-3:00 ne-4:00. Ezinzulwini zobusuku okanye emini emaqanda ayibonisi ukungabikho kwexesha; yingongoma nje kumjikelo.
5/ Amanqaku oVavanyo oluMiselweyo:
Amanqaku kwiimvavanyo ezifana neSAT okanye GRE abalwa ngokwesikali sekhefu. Umahluko kumanqaku phakathi kwamanqaku uyalingana, ukuvumela uthelekiso oluthe ngqo lweziphumo, kodwa inqaku lika-zero alithethi ukuba “akukho lwazi” okanye ukukwazi.
Le mizekelo ibonisa indlela izikali zekhefu ezisetyenziswa ngayo kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zobomi bemihla ngemihla nakuphando lwezenzululwazi, nto leyo eyenza uthelekiso oluchanekileyo ngaphandle kokuxhomekeka kwinqaku elinguziro lokwenyani.
Ukuthelekisa izikali zesiThuba ukuya kwezinye iintlobo zeZikali
Isikali soMzimba:
- Yintoni eyenzayo: Ubeka nje izinto kwiindidi okanye amagama ngaphandle kokuthetha ukuba yeyiphi engcono okanye engaphezulu.
- Umzekelo: Iintlobo zeziqhamo (i-apula, ibhanana, i-cherry). Awunakuthi iapile “lingaphezulu” kunebhanana; zahluke nje.
Isikali esiQhelekileyo:
- Yintoni eyenzayo: Ubeka izinto ngolungelelwano kodwa akasixeleli ukuba enye ingcono okanye imbi kangakanani kunenye.
- Umzekelo: Izikhundla zogqatso (1, 2, 3rd). Siyazi ukuba i-1 ingcono kuneye-2, kodwa hayi ngokuba yimalini.
Isikali sesithuba:
- Yintoni eyenzayo: Akapheleli nje ngokubeka izinto ngolungelelwano kodwa ukwasixelela nowona mahluko ukhoyo phakathi kwazo. Nangona kunjalo, ayinaso isiqalo esiyinyani sika-zero.
- Umzekelo: Iqondo lobushushu kwiCelsius njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili.
Isikali somlinganiselo:
- Yintoni eyenzayo: Njengomlinganiso wekhefu, ibeka izinto kwaye isixelela owona mahluko phakathi kwazo. Kodwa, ikwanenqaku elinguziro lokwenyani, elithetha ukuthi “akukho nanye” kuyo nantoni na esilinganisa ngayo.
- Umzekelo: Ubunzima. I-0 kg ithetha ukuba akukho bunzima, kwaye sinokuthi i-20 kg iphindwe kabini ubunzima njenge-10 kg.
Umahluko oPhambili:
- Igama amagama nje okanye iilebhile izinto ngaphandle naluphi na ulandelelwano.
- Ulungelelwaniso ibeka izinto ngolungelelwano kodwa ayichazi ukuba zikude kangakanani ezo odolo.
- Ukuphumla isixelela umgama phakathi kwamanqaku ngokucacileyo, kodwa ngaphandle kukaziro wokwenyani, ngoko ke asinakuthi into “iphindwe kabini” kakhulu.
- Umlinganiselo uyanika Thina lonke ixesha lolwazi siyakwenza, kwaye inoziro wokwenyani, ngoko ke sinokwenza uthelekiso olufana “nobuninzi obuphindwe kabini.”
Phakamisa uPhando lwakho ngezikali zokuReyitha eziSebenzayo
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isiphelo
Ukusebenzisa umlinganiselo wesikali sekhefu kunokuguqula ngokwenene indlela esiqokelela ngayo kwaye sihlalutye idatha kuphando. Nokuba uvavanya ukwaneliseka kwabathengi, ufunda utshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha, okanye ulandelela inkqubela ekuhambeni kwexesha, izikali zekhefu zibonelela ngendlela ethembekileyo nethe ngqo. Khumbula, isitshixo sokuvula idatha enengqondo siqala ngokukhetha izixhobo ezifanelekileyo kunye nezikali zophononongo lwakho. Yamkela umlinganiselo wesikali sesithuba, kwaye uthabathe uphando lwakho uluse kwinqanaba elilandelayo lokuchaneka kunye nokuqonda.
