Izimbo zokufunda zeVARK | Ukufumana i-2024 yeNdlela yokuFunda eLungileyo

Namhlanje, siza kuphonononga ezine Izimbo zokufunda zeVARK: okubonwayo, okuviwayo, okuzalanayo, kunye nokufunda/ukubhala. Ngokuqonda ukuba ezi zimbo ziwachaphazela njani amava okufunda, sinokuyila iindlela zemfundo ezibandakanya amandla kunye nezinto azikhethayo umfundi ngamnye. Zilungiselele ukutyhila imfihlo yokuvula amandla omntu ngamnye!

Ngubani odale iindlela zokufunda zeVARK?	UNeil Fleming
Senziwe nini isimbo sokufunda seVARK?	1987

Iingcebiso zokuZibandakanya kwiKlasi eNgcono

• Iintlobo zeZimbo zokuFunda
• Ubusi kunye neendlela zokufunda zikamumford
• Umfundi wokuva

Qala ngemizuzwana.

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Isiqulatho

• Ziziphi izitayile zokuFunda zeVARK?
• Kutheni kubalulekile ukuqonda izitayile zakho zokufunda zeVARK? 
• Ungazifumana njani izitayile zakho zokuFunda zeVARK ezifanelekileyo?
• IItrakthi ezibalulekileyo
• FAQs

Ziziphi izitayile zokuFunda zeVARK?

Izimbo zokufunda zeVARK ngumzekelo ophuhliswe nguNeil Fleming, ohlela abafundi ngokweendidi ezine eziphambili:

1. Abafundi ababonwayo (V): Aba bantu bafunda ngcono ngokusebenzisa izinto ezibonwayo kunye nemifanekiso. 
2. Abafundi abavalwayo (A): Aba bantu bayagqwesa ekufundeni ngokuphulaphula nokuthetha. 
3. Funda/Bhala abafundi (R): Abantu abafunda ngcono ngemisebenzi yokufunda nokubhala.
4. Abafundi beKinesthetic (K): Aba bantu bafunda ngcono ngokwenza imisebenzi yomzimba kunye namava. 

Kutheni kubalulekile ukuqonda izitayile zakho zokufunda zeVARK? 

Ukuqonda isimbo sakho sokufunda seVARK kubalulekile ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi:

• Ikunceda ukuba ukhethe amacebo kunye nezixhobo ezihambelana namandla akho, ukwenza inkqubo yokufunda isebenze ngakumbi kwaye yonwabe.
• Kukunceda ukuba usebenze ngentsebenziswano nootitshala ukudala imeko-bume yokufunda exhasa iimfuno zakho kwaye iququzelele inkqubela yakho ezifundweni.
• Ikuxhobisa ukuba uqhubeke nophuhliso lwakho lobuqu kunye nobungcali, yenza uhambo lwakho lokufunda oluqhubekayo lusebenze ngakumbi.

Ungazifumana njani izitayile zakho zokuFunda zeVARK ezifanelekileyo?

Siza kuhlolisisa kwiintlobo ze-4 zeendlela zokufunda ze-VARK, sihlolisise iimpawu zabo ezizodwa kunye nokufumanisa izicwangciso zokuququzelela ukufunda okusebenzayo kwisitayela ngasinye.

#1 - Abafundi abaBonakalayo -Izimbo zokuFunda zeVARK

Ukuchonga njani abafundi ababonwayo?

Abafundi ababonwayo bakhetha ukucubungula ulwazi ngokusebenzisa izixhobo ezibonwayo kunye nemifanekiso. Baxhomekeke ekuboneni ulwazi kwiigrafu, kwidayagram, kwiitshathi, okanye kwezinye izinto ezibonwayo. Nazi iindlela ezilula zokuchonga abafundi ababonwayo:

• Ukuthanda okubonakalayo okunamandla: Uthanda kakhulu izinto ezibonakalayo kunye nezixhobo. Ukuqonda kakuhle kunye nokugcina ulwazi, uthembele ekuboneni ulwazi ngokubonwayo, iigrafu, iitshathi kunye neevidiyo. Umzekelo, unokonwabela ukujonga i-infographics endaweni yokuphulaphula intetho.
• Inkumbulo entle ebonakalayo: Unenkumbulo entle kwiinkcukacha ezibonakalayo. Ukhumbula izinto abazibone ngokulula ngakumbi kunenkcazelo abayivileyo. Ngokomzekelo, unokukhumbula imifanekiso okanye imizekeliso ethile kwisifundo.
• Ukuthanda ubugcisa obubonakalayo kunye nemifanekiso: Abafundi ababonwayo badla ngokuba nomdla kwimisebenzi ebandakanya ukuqonda okubonwayo kunye nokuyila. Ngoko unokukonwabela ukuzoba, ukupeyinta, okanye ukufota. Ngokomzekelo, unokukhetha iiprojekthi ezinxulumene nobugcisa okanye ukhetho.
• Izakhono eziqinileyo zokujonga: Unokuqaphela iipateni, imibala, kunye neemilo ngokulula ngakumbi. Umzekelo, unokubona ngokukhawuleza umzobo othile okanye umfanekiso ngaphakathi koxwebhu olukhulu okanye unikezelo.

IziCwangciso zokuFunda zaBafundi abaBonwayo

Ukuba ngaba

umfundi obonwayo okanye unabantwana abangabafundi ababonwayo, Nazi ezinye iindlela onokuzisebenzisa ukukhulisa amava okufunda:

Sebenzisa izixhobo ezibonwayo kunye nemathiriyeli: 

Quka izinto ezibonwayo, ezinjengeetshati, imizobo nemifanekiso xa ufundisa. Le mifanekiso ibonwayo inceda abafundi ababonwayo babambe iikhonsepthi ngokufanelekileyo.

• Umzekelo: Xa ufunda ngomjikelo wamanzi, sebenzisa umzobo omibalabala ukubonisa amanqanaba nenkqubo ebandakanyekileyo.

Imephu yengqondo: 

Unokwenza iimephu zengqondo ukucwangcisa iingcinga kwaye wenze unxibelelwano phakathi kwezimvo. Oku kuboniswa okubonakalayo kubanceda babone umfanekiso omkhulu kunye nobudlelwane phakathi kweengcamango ezahlukeneyo.

Bandakanya ikhowudi yombala: 

Sebenzisa ikhowudi yombala ukugqamisa ulwazi olubalulekileyo, ukwahlula umxholo, okanye ukwahlula imiba ephambili. Ukufakwa kwekhowudi ngombala kunceda abafundi ababonwayo baqhube kwaye bakhumbule ulwazi ngokufanelekileyo.

Zibandakanye nokubalisa amabali okubonwayo: 

Ungasebenzisa imifanekiso, iipropu, okanye iividiyo ukwenza ibali elibonakalayo elidibanisa nomxholo wezifundo. 

• Umzekelo: Xa ufunda iziganeko zembali, sebenzisa iifoto okanye amaxwebhu omthombo wokuqala ukubalisa ibali ngokubonakalayo kwaye uvuselele unxibelelwano lweemvakalelo.

Ukubonakaliswa okubonakalayo kunye nembonakalo:

Abafundi ababonayo banokuzuza ekuvezeni ukuqonda kwabo ngeendlela ezibonwayo. Ke unokwenza imiboniso ebonakalayo, imizobo, okanye imizobo ukubonisa ukuqonda kwakho.

• Umzekelo: Emva kokufunda incwadi, ungenza umboniso obonakalayo wendawo owuthandayo okanye uzobe umfanekiso ohlekisayo ushwankathela iziganeko eziphambili.

#2 - Abafundi abaVavalwayo -Izimbo zokuFunda zeVARK

Ukuchonga njani aBafundi bokuViva?

Abafundi abaphicothayo funda ngcono ngokusebenzisa isandi kunye negalelo lokuva. Bagqwesa ekuphulaphuleni nasekunxibelelaneni ngomlomo. Nazi ezinye iimpawu:

• Yonwabela imfundiso ethethwayo: Uthanda ukuthanda imiyalelo yomlomo ngaphezu kwezinto ezibhaliweyo okanye ezibonakalayo. Unokucela iinkcazo okanye ufune amathuba okuxoxa. Ukuba unikwe imiyalelo, udla ngokucela ingcaciso okanye ukhetha ukuva imiyalelo icaciswa ngokuvakalayo kunokuba uyifunde uthe cwaka.
• Izakhono zokumamela ezinamandla: Ubonisa izakhono zokumamela ngexesha leklasi okanye iingxoxo. Ugcina unxibelelwano lwamehlo, unqwala, kwaye uphendule xa ulwazi lunikezelwa ngomlomo.
• Konwabele ukuthatha inxaxheba kwiingxoxo kunye neengxoxo: Unikela ngeengcinga zakho, ubuze imibuzo, kwaye uzibandakanye kwincoko ukuze wenze nzulu ukuqonda kwakho. Unokufumanisa ukuba umfundi ovayo uphakamisa izandla ngolangazelelo ngexesha leengxoxo zeklasi aze abelane ngezimvo zakhe noontanga bakhe.
• Uthando imisebenzi yomlomo: Uhlala ufumana uyolo kwimisebenzi ebandakanya ukumamela, njengee-audiobooks, iipodcasts, okanye ukubaliswa kwamabali ngomlomo. Ukhangela amathuba okuzibandakanya nomxholo othethiweyo.

IziCwangciso zokuFunda zaBafundi abaPhicothayo

Ukuba ungumfundi wokuva, unokusebenzisa ezi zicwangciso zilandelayo ukutyebisa amava akho okufunda:

Thatha inxaxheba kwiingxoxo zeqela: 

Zibandakanye kwiingxoxo, kwimisebenzi yeqela, okanye kumaqela okufunda apho unokucacisa kwaye uxoxe ngeekhonsepthi nabanye. Olu nxibelelwano lomlomo lunceda ukuqinisa ukuqonda kwakho izinto.

Sebenzisa izixhobo zomsindo: 

Dibanisa imathiriyeli yeaudiyo njengee-audiobooks, iipodcasts, okanye iintetho ezirekhodiweyo kwinkqubo yakho yokufunda. Ezi zixhobo zikuvumela ukuba ubethelele ukufunda kwakho ngokuphinda-phinda.

Funda ngokuvakalayo: 

Unokufunda ngokuvakalayo ukuze ubethelele ukuqonda kwakho izicatshulwa ezibhaliweyo. Obu buchule budibanisa negalelo elibonakalayo ekufundeni, ukomeleza ukuqonda nokugcina.

Sebenzisa izixhobo zemnemonic: 

Unokukhumbula inkcazelo ngokusebenzisa izixhobo zemnemonic ezibandakanya amazwi omlomo. 

• Umzekelo, ukwenza izicengcelezo, ii-akhronimi, okanye ii-jingles kunokunceda ekugcineni kunye nokukhumbula iikhonsepthi eziphambili.

#3 - Funda/Bhala Abafundi -Izimbo zokuFunda zeVARK

Ukuchonga njani aBafundi abaFundayo/abaBhala?

Funda/Bhala Abafundi bafunda ngcono ngokusebenzisa imathiriyeli ebhaliweyo, ukuthatha amanqaku aneenkcukacha, kunye nokudala uluhlu okanye isishwankathelo esibhaliweyo. Basenokungenelwa kwiincwadi zezifundo, iziphene, nakwizabelo ezibhaliweyo ukuze bomeleze ukuqonda kwabo. 

Ukuchonga abafundi abafundayo/ababhalayo, khangela ezi mpawu zilandelayo nezinto ozikhethayo:

• Ukhetho lokufunda: Uyakonwabela ukufunda iincwadi, amanqaku, kunye nezinto ezibhaliweyo ukuze ufumane ulwazi nokuqonda. Usenokufunyanwa uxakeke yincwadi ngexesha lakho lokuphumla okanye ubonise imincili xa unikwa inkcazelo ebhaliweyo.
• Izakhono ezinamandla zokuthatha amanqaku: Ugqwesa ekuthatheni amanqaku aneenkcukacha ngexesha leentetho okanye xa ufunda. Ngexesha lentetho yeklasi, ubhala phantsi amanqaku aphambili ngenkuthalo, usebenzisa amanqaku eebhulethi, izihloko, kunye nemixholwana ukuhlula amanqaku akho.
• Yixabise izabelo ezibhaliweyo: Uyaphumelela kwimisebenzi ebandakanya ukubhala, njengezincoko, iingxelo, kunye neeprojekthi ezibhaliweyo. Unokuphanda ngokufanelekileyo, uhlalutye ulwazi, kwaye uluveze ngendlela ebhaliweyo.
• Khumbula ngokubhala: Ufumanisa ukuba ulwazi lokubhala lukunceda ukuba unkqaye kwaye ulugcine ngokufanelekileyo. Uphinda ubhale okanye ushwankathele iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo njengendlela yokufunda.

IziCwangciso zokuFunda zaBafundi abaFundayo/abaBhala 

Nazi ezinye iindlela zokufunda ezilungiselelwe abafundi bokuFunda/Bhala:

Phawula kwaye ukrwelele umgca ngaphantsi: 

Unokuqaqambisa okanye ukrwelele ulwazi oluphambili xa ufunda. Lo msebenzi unceda ukuba ugxile kwiinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo kwaye uququzelele ukugcinwa okungcono. 

• Ngokomzekelo, unokusebenzisa ii<em>highlighters ezinemibala okanye ukrwelele amabinzana aphambili kwiincwadi zabo zezifundo okanye kwizinto zokufunda.

Yenza izikhokelo zokufunda okanye oonotsheluza: 

Ngokucwangcisa iikhonsepthi ezibalulekileyo kunye nolwazi kwifomathi ebhaliweyo, unokuzibandakanya ngokusebenzayo kunye nomxholo kwaye uqinise ukuqonda kwakho. Eyakho

izikhokelo zokufunda okanye oonotsheluza zinokubandakanya iinkcazelo, amagama angundoqo, kunye nemizekelo ukwenza izixhobo zakho zokufunda ziphelele.

Sebenzisa imiyalelo yokubhala:

Unokusebenzisa imiyalelo yokubhala ehambelana nombandela. Ezi zikhokelo zinokuba yimibuzo exhokonxa ingcinga, i-scenario-based prompts, okanye iinkcazo ezivulelekileyo ezixhasa ukucinga okunzulu kunye nophononongo olubhaliweyo lwesihloko.

Bhala izincoko zokuziqhelanisa okanye amangenelo ejenali:

Ziqhelise izakhono zakho zokubhala ngokubhala izincoko okanye amangenelo ejenali kwizihloko ezifanelekileyo. Lo msebenzi ukuvumela ukuba uveze iingcinga zakho, ucamngce ngokufunda kwakho, kwaye womeleze isakhono sakho sokuchaza izimvo ngendlela ebhaliweyo.

#4 - Abafundi beKinesthetic -Izimbo zokuFunda zeVARK

Uchonga njani aBafundi beKinesthetic?

Abafundi beKinesthetic bakhetha indlela yokufunda ngezandla. Bafunda ngcono ngemisebenzi yomzimba, intshukumo, kunye namava angqalileyo. 

Ukubona abafundi be-kinesthetic, khangela ezi mpawu zilandelayo kunye nokuziphatha:

• Yonwabela imisebenzi eyenziwa ngezandla: Uyawuthanda umsebenzi obandakanya intshukumo yomzimba, ukuguqula izinto, kunye nokusetyenziswa okusebenzayo kweekhonsepthi, ezinje ngovavanyo lwesayensi, iimodeli zokwakha, okanye ukuzibandakanya kwezemidlalo kunye nemisebenzi yomzimba.
• Isidingo sentshukumo: Ukufumanisa kunzima ukuhlala uthule ixesha elide. Usenokugxadazela, ucofe iinyawo, okanye usebenzise izimbo zomzimba ngelixa ufunda okanye umamele imiyalelo. Uhlala utshintsha izikhundla, isantya ujikeleze igumbi, okanye usebenzise iintshukumo zezandla ukuze uziveze.
• Phucula ukufunda ngokubandakanyeka ngokwasemzimbeni: Uhlala ugcina ulwazi ngcono xa unokusebenzisana nalo ngokwasemzimbeni, njengokulinganisa iziganeko zembali okanye ukusebenzisa izinto ezibonakalayo ukumela imisebenzi yemathematika.
• Sebenzisa izijekulo kunye nolwimi lomzimba: Udla ngokusebenzisa izimbo zomzimba, intshukumo yomzimba, nenkangeleko yobuso ukuze unxibelelane nokuvakalisa iingcamango zakho. 

IziCwangciso zokuFunda zaBafundi beKinesthetic 

Imisebenzi eyenziwa ngezandla: 

Zibandakanye kwimisebenzi ebandakanya intshukumo yomzimba, njengemifuniselo, ukulinganisa, okanye imisebenzi ephathekayo. Oku kukuvumela ukuba ufunde ngokwenza kwaye ube namava ngokuthe ngqo kwimiba efundiswayo.

• Umzekelo: Kwiklasi yezenzululwazi, endaweni yokufunda nje malunga nokuguquguquka kwemichiza, yenza imifuniselo ngezandla ukuze ubone kwaye uve utshintsho olwenzekayo.

Zibandakanye kwezeMidlalo okanye uMzimba:

Thatha inxaxheba kwimidlalo okanye kwimisebenzi yomzimba efuna ulungelelwaniso kunye nokunyakaza komzimba. Le misebenzi ivuselela isimbo sakho sokufunda ngekinesthetic ngelixa ubonelela ngekhefu kwiindlela zokufunda zemveli.

• Umzekelo: Joyina iklasi yomdaniso, uthathe inxaxheba kwimidlalo yeqela, okanye uzibandakanye kwizinto ezifana neyoga okanye ubugcisa bokulwa ukuze uphucule amava akho okufunda.

Ukufunda ngeKinesthetic Techniques:

Faka intshukumo yomzimba kwinkqubo yakho yokufunda. Oku kunokubandakanya isantya ngelixa ucengceleza ulwazi, ukusebenzisa izijekulo ukubethelela iikhonsepthi, okanye ukusebenzisa amakhadi oonotsheluza kunye nokuwalungiselela ngokwasemzimbeni ukwenza imidibaniso.

• Umzekelo: Xa unkqaya amagama esigama, hamba ujikeleze igumbi ngelixa ubiza amagama ngokuvakalayo okanye usebenzise ukunyakaza kwezandla ukudibanisa iintsingiselo negama ngalinye.

Bandakanya ikhefu lomzimba: 

Abafundi beKinesthetic bayaxhamla kwikhefu elifutshane. Ngoko ke kuya kufuneka wolule, uhambe ujikeleze, okanye wenze umsebenzi womzimba omncinci, onokuphucula ukugxila kunye nokugcina.

IItrakthi ezibalulekileyo

Ukuqonda ifayile ye-

Izimbo zokuFunda ze-VARK (ezibonwayo, eziviwayo, zenyama, kunye nokufunda/ukubhala) zibalulekile kootitshala nakubafundi ngokufanayo. Ukuqaphela kunye nokulungiselela ukhetho lomntu ngamnye kunokuphucula kakhulu amava okufunda kunye neziphumo.

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FAQs

Ref: Rasmussen | Kakhulu Ingqondo