Kini ni ise agbese igbogun ilana ni isakoso ise agbese?

Good project management includes five fundamental steps: Starting Initiation, Planning, Execution, Monitoring and Control, and finishing with Closure. It is important to note that none of the successful projects can ignore any of these stages, especially a project planning process which keeps everything to follow track, such as being delivered on time and within budget.

Eto iṣẹ akanṣe wa ni ọkan ti igbesi aye iṣẹ akanṣe, eyiti o tun tumọ si pe o jẹ ipele ti o nija julọ. Sibẹsibẹ, ọna nigbagbogbo wa lati de ibẹ.

Ninu àpilẹkọ yii, a kọ ẹkọ diẹ sii nipa ṣiṣero iṣẹ akanṣe, asọye, awọn apẹẹrẹ, ilana, ati diẹ ninu awọn irinṣẹ igbero lati ṣe iranlọwọ fun ọ ni oye daradara ilana ilana igbero ati kọ ẹkọ bii o ṣe le koju awọn iṣoro rẹ. 

Italolobo fun Dara igbeyawo

• Iṣakoso idawọle
• Apeere Iṣeto Ise agbese
• Ilana isosileomi

Kini Itumọ ti Eto Ise agbese?

Eto igbero ise agbese le jẹ asọye bi ilana iseto ti titosile, siseto, ati siseto awọn igbesẹ pataki ati awọn orisun ti o nilo lati ṣaṣeyọri ibi-afẹde kan pato laarin akoko asọye. O jẹ ọna imuṣiṣẹ ti o kan idamọ awọn ibi-afẹde, idasile maapu opopona kan, ati pipin awọn orisun lati mu iṣelọpọ pọ si ati dinku awọn ewu.

jẹmọ: Ilana Iṣakoso Ilana | Itọsọna Gbẹhin pẹlu awọn imọran 7 ti o dara julọ

7 Stages of the Project Planning Process

Ni apakan yii, a wa sinu awọn igbesẹ 7 ti o kan ninu igbero ise agbese bi atẹle:

Ipele 1: Itumọ Awọn Ifojusi Ise agbese ati Awọn Dopin

Ipele ibẹrẹ ti ilana igbero ise agbese da lori asọye awọn ibi-afẹde iṣẹ akanṣe ati iwọn. Eyi pẹlu agbọye awọn abajade ti o fẹ, idamo awọn ti o nii ṣe, ati iṣeto awọn ibi-afẹde iwọnwọn. Ti n ṣalaye awọn aala iṣẹ akanṣe, awọn ifijiṣẹ, ati awọn idiwọ ṣeto ipilẹ fun awọn iṣẹ ṣiṣe igbero ti o tẹle.

Fun apẹẹrẹ, Nike ṣeto ipinnu tita lati ta awọn ẹya 3,00,000 ni ọdun to nbọ, eyiti o dide nipasẹ 30% ni akawe si awọn tita lọwọlọwọ.

Ipele 2: Ṣiṣayẹwo Igbelewọn Iṣeduro Ipari

A thorough project assessment is crucial for informed decision-making and risk mitigation. This stage involves conducting a detailed analysis of project requirements, resources, potential risks, and dependencies. By assessing the project's feasibility, viability, and potential challenges, planners can identify critical success factors and develop strategies to address potential roadblocks.

Ipele 3: Dagbasoke Ilana Ipilẹṣẹ Iṣẹ (WBS)

Ninu igbesẹ igbero iṣẹ akanṣe, gbogbo iṣẹ akanṣe naa ti fọ si kekere, awọn paati iṣakoso. Ọna yii ni a pe ni eto didenukole iṣẹ (WBS) eyiti o pese aṣoju akoso ti awọn iṣẹ-ṣiṣe, awọn iṣẹ-ṣiṣe-ipin, ati awọn ifijiṣẹ, ni idaniloju mimọ ati iṣeto. O dẹrọ ipinfunni awọn oluşewadi, ati ilana ṣiṣe-ṣiṣe, ati ṣeto ilana ọgbọn kan fun ipaniyan iṣẹ akanṣe.

Ipele 4: Iṣiro Awọn orisun ati Ṣiṣeto Awọn akoko

Iṣiro orisun ati idasile aago tun jẹ pataki fun aṣeyọri igbero iṣẹ akanṣe. Ipele yii ni ero lati pinnu eniyan pataki, awọn ipin isuna, ati awọn ohun elo ti o nilo fun iṣẹ-ṣiṣe kọọkan. Nipa gbigbero awọn igbẹkẹle iṣẹ-ṣiṣe, awọn pataki pataki, ati awọn orisun ti o wa, awọn oluṣeto tabi awọn alakoso le ṣe agbekalẹ awọn akoko akoko ti o daju, idamo awọn ami-iṣe pataki ni ọna.

Ipele 5: Idanimọ Ewu ati Awọn ilana Imukuro

No project is immune to risks, and addressing them early on is vital to processing a plan. During this stage, potential risks and uncertainties are identified, analyzed, and prioritized. Proactive strategies are developed to mitigate risks, encompassing contingency plans, risk transfer mechanisms, and alternative courses of action. Regular risk monitoring and assessment ensure adaptability throughout the project's lifecycle.

Ipele 6: Ibaraẹnisọrọ ati Ibaṣepọ Olukọni

Like glue, effective communication can hold a project together. Establishing a communication plan that outlines channels, frequency, and stakeholders' involvement is imperative. Regular status updates, progress reports, and collaborative discussions foster transparency, enhance coordination, and manage stakeholder expectations.

Ipele 7: Abojuto, Iṣakoso, ati Igbelewọn

Wiwa si ipari ti ilana igbero ise agbese ti o munadoko jẹ ibojuwo igbagbogbo ati ipele igbelewọn. Ipele yii dojukọ ilọsiwaju titele, ṣe afiwe rẹ si awọn ami-iyọọda ti iṣeto, ati idamọ awọn iyapa. Ti o ba jẹ dandan, awọn atunṣe ni a ṣe lati ṣe atunṣe iṣẹ akanṣe pẹlu awọn ibi-afẹde rẹ. Awọn ẹkọ ti a kọ ni iwe-ipamọ, ṣiṣe gbigbe imọ laaye ati ilọsiwaju iwaju.

What are the Components of Project Planning?

Eyi ni awọn paati bọtini 7 ti ilana igbero ise agbese:

• Dopin ti igbogun ni isakoso: Kedere setumo awọn aala ati afojusun ti ise agbese.
• Eto Itupalẹ Iṣẹ (WBS): Kikan ise agbese sinu kere, isakoso awọn iṣẹ-ṣiṣe.
• Ago ati Milestones: Ṣiṣeto aago ojulowo ati ṣeto awọn iṣẹlẹ pataki lati tọpa ilọsiwaju.
• Ipinle Oro Idanimọ ati pinpin awọn orisun pataki, pẹlu oṣiṣẹ, isuna, ati awọn ohun elo.
• Ewu Analysis ati Mitigation: Ṣiṣayẹwo awọn ewu ti o pọju ati idagbasoke awọn ilana lati dinku wọn.
• Eto Ibaraẹnisọrọ: Ṣiṣeto awọn ikanni ibaraẹnisọrọ to munadoko lati dẹrọ iṣọkan ati ifowosowopo laarin awọn alabaṣepọ iṣẹ.
• Mimojuto ati Igbelewọn: Ṣiṣe awọn ilana lati ṣe atẹle ilọsiwaju iṣẹ akanṣe ati iṣiro iṣẹ ṣiṣe lodi si awọn KPI ti a ti pinnu tẹlẹ.

Why is the Project Planning Process Necessary?

O mu iṣẹ akanṣe pọ si ati iṣeeṣe aṣeyọri

There are a number of reasons why projects fail and one of them is the failure to define objectives, goals, and responsibilities among team members (close to 39% estimated). The project won't run smoothly if team members are confused about their individual roles and responsibilities. Furthermore, the lack of clear objectives and goals or misunderstanding the direction and purpose of the project can lead to misalignment and a lack of focus, resulting in unexpected glitches, and scope creep.

O ṣe ilọsiwaju ifowosowopo ẹgbẹ ati ibaraẹnisọrọ 

Eto ti a ṣeto daradara ṣẹda aye fun awọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ ẹgbẹ lati baraẹnisọrọ ati ifowosowopo ni imunadoko. Paapa nigbati o ba wa si awọn iṣẹ akanṣe-apapọ tabi awọn ile-iṣẹ agbekọja, pẹlu ilowosi ti ọpọlọpọ awọn oṣiṣẹ ati awọn amoye lati awọn oriṣiriṣi oriṣiriṣi ti n ṣiṣẹ papọ, ipa ti eto jẹ paapaa kedere. Bi abajade, ibaraẹnisọrọ mimọ ati ifowosowopo mu iṣẹ-ẹgbẹ ṣiṣẹ, ṣe igbelaruge iran pinpin, awọn ija oṣiṣẹ diẹ, ati idagbasoke agbegbe iṣẹ akanṣe rere.

O ṣe idaniloju iṣapeye awọn ohun elo

Eto jẹ adaṣe ti o ga julọ fun lilo awọn orisun to dara julọ pẹlu akoko, awọn orisun eniyan, isuna, ohun elo, ati awọn ohun elo. Nipa idamo awọn ohun elo ti a beere ni ilosiwaju, ẹgbẹ akanṣe le rii daju pe awọn ohun elo to tọ wa ni akoko to tọ, idinku awọn idaduro, ati ilọpo meji, bakanna bi iṣapeye ṣiṣe.

O dinku awọn ewu ati awọn ọran airotẹlẹ

Nipa idamo awọn ewu ni kutukutu, ẹgbẹ akanṣe le ṣe agbekalẹ awọn ilana igbero esi eewu ati awọn ero airotẹlẹ lati koju wọn. Ọna imunadoko yii ṣe iranlọwọ lati dinku iṣeeṣe ati ipa ti awọn ewu, imudara iṣẹ akanṣe ati idinku awọn aye ti ikuna.

What is the Best Project Planning Process?

For better project planning as well as overcoming challenges that might be encountered during the planning, it is worth considering some project planning methodologies. They refer to structured approaches and frameworks used to effectively plan and manage projects.

Eto isosileomi

Ilana isosileomi jẹ ọna ti o tẹlera ti o pin iṣẹ akanṣe si awọn ipele ọtọtọ, pẹlu ikọle ipele kọọkan lori ti iṣaaju. O tẹle ilọsiwaju laini, nibiti ipele kọọkan gbọdọ pari ṣaaju gbigbe si atẹle. Awọn ipele bọtini ni igbagbogbo pẹlu apejọ awọn ibeere, apẹrẹ, idagbasoke, idanwo, imuṣiṣẹ, ati itọju. Isosile omi jẹ ti o dara julọ fun awọn iṣẹ akanṣe pẹlu asọye daradara ati awọn ibeere iduroṣinṣin.

PRINCE2 (Awọn iṣẹ akanṣe ni Awọn agbegbe Iṣakoso)

PRINCE2 jẹ ilana iṣakoso ise agbese ti o da lori ilana ti a lo ni Ilu Gẹẹsi ati ni kariaye. O pese ilana ti a ṣeto fun igbero iṣẹ akanṣe, ibojuwo, ati iṣakoso. PRINCE2 pin awọn iṣẹ akanṣe si awọn ipele ti o le ṣakoso ati tẹnumọ iṣakoso ti o munadoko, iṣakoso eewu, ati ilowosi awọn onipindoje. O jẹ olokiki pupọ fun idojukọ rẹ lori idalare iṣowo ati awọn iwe-itumọ okeerẹ.

PRISM (Isopọpọ Awọn iṣẹ akanṣe, Dopin, Akoko, ati Isakoso Awọn orisun)

PRISM jẹ ilana iṣakoso ise agbese kan ti o dagbasoke nipasẹ Ile-iṣẹ Iṣakoso Ise agbese (PMI). O pese ilana ti okeerẹ ti o ni akojọpọ isọpọ, iwọn, akoko, ati iṣakoso awọn orisun. PRISM n tẹnuba ọna ti a ṣeto si igbero iṣẹ akanṣe, iṣakojọpọ awọn ilana bii asọye awọn ibi-afẹde iṣẹ akanṣe, ṣiṣẹda awọn ẹya didenukole iṣẹ, ṣiṣe awọn iṣẹ ṣiṣe, ati ipin awọn orisun.

jẹmọ: Ti o dara ju Strategic Planning Awọn awoṣe ni 2024 | Ṣe igbasilẹ Fun Ọfẹ

What are Some Project Planning Tools and Software?

Project planning tools and software have become indispensable for effective project management in today's fast-paced and dynamic business landscape. As a project manager, you might want to take a look at these top suggestions:

Microsoft Project jẹ sọfitiwia igbero iṣẹ akanṣe kan ti o lo lọpọlọpọ nipasẹ awọn alamọja kọja awọn ile-iṣẹ lọpọlọpọ. O nfunni ni ọpọlọpọ awọn ẹya ti o lagbara lati ṣakoso awọn iṣẹ ṣiṣe, awọn orisun, awọn akoko, ati awọn isunawo.

Asana jẹ irinṣẹ igbero iṣẹ akanṣe ti o wapọ ti a mọ fun awọn ẹya ti o lagbara ati irọrun. O funni ni pẹpẹ ti aarin fun awọn ẹgbẹ lati gbero, ṣeto, ati tọpa awọn iṣẹ akanṣe daradara.

Trello jẹ sọfitiwia siseto iṣẹ-ṣiṣe olokiki ti a mọ fun ayedero rẹ ati afilọ wiwo. Ni wiwo ore-olumulo rẹ ni awọn igbimọ, awọn atokọ, ati awọn kaadi, gbigba awọn ẹgbẹ laaye lati ṣeto ati ṣaju awọn iṣẹ ṣiṣe lainidi.

jẹmọ: Awọn imọran 10 lati Lo Isakoso Iṣẹ akanṣe Asana ni imunadoko ni 2024

What are the 10 Steps of Project Planning?

Ilana igbero ise agbese yatọ lati agbari si agbari, da lori iwọn ati iwọn ti awọn iṣẹ akanṣe. Diẹ ninu awọn alakoso le fẹ awọn igbesẹ igbero ise agbese 10 gẹgẹbi atẹle:

1. Ṣetumo awọn ibi-afẹde ati awọn ibi-afẹde.
2. Ṣe idanimọ awọn onisẹ akanṣe.
3. Ṣe itupalẹ iwọn iṣẹ akanṣe pipe.
4. Se agbekale kan alaye didenukole iṣẹ (WBS).
5. Ṣe ipinnu awọn igbẹkẹle iṣẹ akanṣe ati tito lẹsẹsẹ awọn iṣẹ-ṣiṣe.
6. Ṣe iṣiro awọn ibeere orisun ati ṣẹda ero orisun kan.
7. Se agbekale kan bojumu ise agbese iṣeto.
8. Ṣe idanimọ ati ṣe ayẹwo awọn ewu iṣẹ akanṣe.
9. Ṣẹda eto ibaraẹnisọrọ kan.
10. Gba awọn ifọwọsi iṣẹ akanṣe ati pari ero iṣẹ akanṣe.

Nigbagbogbo bi Ìbéèrè

ik ero

It is important to note that project planning is the best process to keep everything in positive progress. While project planning software can help improve the productivity of the project planning process, please don't take it for granted, the role of project manager and team coordination is much more critical.

So, don't forget to have an ipade iforowero lati sopọ gbogbo awọn ẹgbẹ ni ibẹrẹ ti iṣẹ akanṣe ati ikẹkọ awọn ọgbọn lati rii daju pe awọn ẹgbẹ rẹ ṣe gaan ati ni iwuri lakoko gbogbo iṣẹ akanṣe naa. Ti o ba nilo ifaramọ diẹ sii ati awọn ifarahan ipade ti o wuyi tabi ikẹkọ, AhaSlides le jẹ alabaṣepọ rẹ ti o dara julọ pẹlu ọpọlọpọ awọn ẹya ilọsiwaju ọfẹ ati awọn awoṣe ati eto idiyele ifigagbaga fun gbogbo awọn ile-iṣẹ.

Ref: BIJU'S | Eto ọsẹ | Ifojusi ikọni