Momwe mungapangire mafunso? Ndizosavuta! Ngati tikumbukira chaka cha 2024 pachilichonse, chikhale kubadwa kwa mafunso apa intaneti. Kutentha kwapaintaneti kufalikira padziko lonse lapansi ngati mtundu wina wa ma virus omwe sanatchulidwe mayina, osangalatsa osewera ndikuwasiya ndi funso limodzi loyaka:
Kodi ndingapange bwanji mafunso ngati pro?
AhaSlides akhala mu bizinesi ya mafunso (the 'mafunso') kuyambira kale mafunso kutentha thupi ndi matenda ena osiyanasiyana analanda dziko. Talemba AhaGuide yachangu kwambiri kuti mupange mafunso m'masitepe anayi osavuta, okhala ndi malangizo 4 oti mukwaniritse chigonjetso cha mafunso!
Zambiri Zosangalatsa ndi AhaSlides
- Malingaliro Osangalatsa a Mafunso
- Ndikadayenera kudziwa masewerawa
- Mafunso ovuta ndi mayankho
- Masewera ambiri ndi AhaSlides Public Template Library
Yambani mumasekondi.
Onjezani zosangalatsa zambiri ndi gudumu labwino kwambiri la spinner lomwe likupezeka pa onse AhaSlides zowonetsera, zokonzeka kugawana ndi gulu lanu!
🚀 Tengani Mafunso Aulere☁️
Kalozera Wanu wa Momwe Mungapangire Mafunso
Nthawi ndi Momwe Mungapangire Mafunso
Pali zochitika zina pomwe mafunso, pafupifupi kapena amoyo, amangowoneka zopangidwa ndi telala za zikondwerero...
Kuntchito - Kukumana ndi anzako nthawi zina kumakhala koyenera ntchito, koma lolani kuti udindowo ukhale mgwirizano wabwino ndi mafunso angapo osweka. Zochita zamagulu amagulu siziyenera kukhala zapamwamba.
⭐ Mukufuna Kudziwa Zambiri? Ife tiri nazo kalozera womaliza wa a pafupifupi phwando la kampani, komanso malingaliro a zamagulu ophwanya madzi oundana.
Pa Khrisimasi - Ma Khrisimasi amabwera ndikupita, koma mafunso ali pano kuti azikhala patchuthi chamtsogolo. Titakumana ndi chidwi chotere, tikuwona mafunso ngati mafunso ofunikira kuyambira pano kupita mtsogolo.
⭐ Mukufuna Kudziwa Zambiri? Dinani pamalumikizidwe apa kuti mutsitse banja, ntchito, nyimbo, chithunzi or kanema Mafunso a Khrisimasi kwaulere! (Pitani ku kumapeto kwa nkhaniyi kuti muwone zowonera musanatsitse).
Sabata iliyonse, ku Pub - Tsopano tonse tabwerera ku malo ogulitsira, tili ndi chifukwa chinanso chosangalalira. Kusintha kwatsopano kwaukadaulo wamafunso kumapangitsa kuti mafunso odalirika a pub akhale osangalatsa kwambiri.
⭐ Mukufuna Kudziwa Zambiri? Kukomera ndi kufunsa mafunso? Tilembeni ife. Nawa upangiri ndi chilimbikitso pakuyendetsa mafunso owoneka bwino.
Usiku wotsika kwambiri - Ndani sakonda usiku? Masiku amenewo pa mliri wa Covid-19 mu 2020 adatiphunzitsa kuti sitiyenera kuchoka mnyumba zathu kuti tikakumane ndi anthu ena. Ma Quizzes amatha kukhala chowonjezera chabwino pamasewera owoneka bwino a sabata iliyonse, usiku wamakanema kapena kulawa-mowa usiku!
Psst, mukufunikira ma template azamafunso aulere?
Muli ndi mwayi! Dinani zikwangwani pansipa kuti muwone mafunso otsitsidwa pompopompo, aulere kuti musewere ndi anzanu!
⭐ Kapenanso, kuphatikiza momwe mungapangire mafunso, mutha kuyang'ana zathu laibulale yonse ya mafunso pomwe pano. Sankhani mafunso aliwonse kuti muthe download, sinthani ndikusewera kwaulere!
Momwe Mungagwiritsire Ntchito Ma Template Izi
- Dinani chimodzi mwa zikwangwani pamwambapa kuti muwone mafunso pa AhaSlides mkonzi.
- Sinthani chilichonse chomwe mukufuna pazithunzi (ndi zanu tsopano!)
- Gawani nambala yapadera yolumikizirana kapena nambala ya QR ndi osewera anu ndikuyamba kufunsa mafunso!
Gawo 1 - Sankhani Mapangidwe anu
Musanayambe chilichonse, muyenera kufotokozera momwe mafunso anu angatengere. Mwa izi, tikutanthauza ...
- Kodi mudzakhala ndi maulendo angati?
- Kodi zozungulira zidzakhala zotani?
- Kodi zozungulira zizikhala motani?
- Kodi padzakhala bonasi yozungulira?
Ngakhale ambiri mwa mafunsowa ndi olunjika, akatswiri a mafunso mwachibadwa amakhala pa wachiwiri. Kuzindikira zomwe mungaphatikizepo sikophweka, koma nawa maupangiri angapo kuti zikhale zosavuta:
#1 - Sakanizani Zambiri ndi Zachindunji
Tinganene za 75% ya mafunso anu akuyenera kukhala 'ozungulira onse'. Chidziwitso chonse, nkhani, nyimbo, geography, sayansi & chilengedwe - zonsezi ndi zazikulu 'zambiri' zomwe sizifuna chidziwitso chapadera. Monga lamulo, ngati munaphunzira kusukulu, ndizozungulira.
Chimachokapo 25% ya mafunso anu a 'mipikisano yapadera', mwa kuyankhula kwina, maulendo apadera omwe mulibe kalasi kusukulu. Tikukamba nkhani ngati mpira, Harry Potter, otchuka, mabuku, Marvel ndi zina zotero. Sikuti aliyense adzatha kuyankha funso lililonse, koma izi zidzakhala zozungulira zabwino kwa ena.
#2 - Khalani ndi Zozungulira Zina
Ngati mukudziwa osewera mafunso anu bwino, ngati ngati ndi abwenzi kapena achibale, mukhoza kukhala ndi kuzungulira lonse kutengera iwo ndi kuthawa kwawo. Nazi zitsanzo zingapo:
- Ndani uyu? - Funsani zithunzi za ana a osewera aliyense ndikuwafunsa ena kuti anene kuti ndi ndani.
- amene wanena? - Yang'anani pamakoma a anzanu a Facebook ndikusankha zolemba zochititsa manyazi kwambiri - ikani m'mafunso anu ndikufunsa kuti ndani adazilemba.
- Ndani adajambula? - Pezani osewera anu kuti ajambule lingaliro, monga 'zapamwamba' kapena 'chiweruzo', ndikukutumizirani zojambula zawo. Kwezani chithunzi chilichonse pamafunso anu ndikufunsani amene adajambula.
Pali zambiri zomwe mungachite pozungulira nokha. Kuthekera kwa kunyada ndi kwakukulu mu chilichonse chomwe mungafune.
#3 - Yesani Zozungulira Zochepa Zing'onozing'ono
Mapulogalamu apakompyuta ndiabwino kuthamanga ndi mwayi wacky, kunja kwa bokosi. Zozungulira zazithunzi ndizopuma bwino kuchokera pamafunso amafunso ndipo zimapereka china chapadera poyesa ubongo m'njira ina.
Nawa magulu angapo azithunzi omwe tidachitapo bwino m'mbuyomu:
Tchulani mu Emojis
Mu iyi, mumasewera nyimbo kapena kuwonetsa chithunzi ndikupangitsa osewera kuti alembe dzinalo mu emojis.
Mutha kuchita izi popereka ma emojis angapo kapena kupanga osewera kuti alembe ma emojis mwa iwo okha. Pa bolodi lotsogola pambuyo pa slide ya mafunso, mutha kusintha mutu kukhala yankho lolondola ndikuwona yemwe walondola!
Zithunzi Zojambula
Apa, osewera amalingalira chomwe chithunzichi chonse chimachokera pagawo losinthidwa.
Yambani ndikukhazikitsa chithunzi ku sankhani yankho or lembani yankho Mafunso akuyenda ndikudula chithunzicho pagawo laling'ono. Mu bolodi loyang'ana kutsogolo pambuyo pake, ikani chithunzi chonse ngati chithunzi chakumbuyo.
Kutsutsana kwa Mawu
Mafunso apamwamba, iyi. Osewera amangoyenera kupeza yankho lolondola kuchokera pa anagram.
Ingolembani chithunzi cha yankho (gwiritsani ntchito tsamba la anagram kuti chikhale chosavuta) ndikuyika mutu wafunso. Ndizosangalatsa kuzungulira mozungulira mwachangu.
Zambiri monga izi ⭐ Onani mndandanda waukulu wa Mafunso ena a 41 azungulira, zonse zimagwira ntchito AhaSlides.
#4 - Khalani ndi Bonus Round
Kuzungulira bonasi ndi komwe mungapeze pang'ono kunja kwa bokosilo. Mutha kusiya mtundu wamafunso ndikuyankha kwathunthu ndikupita ku chinthu china chovuta kwambiri:
- Zosangalatsa zapakhomo - Funsani osewera anu kuti akonzenso kanema wotchuka ndi chilichonse chomwe angapeze kunyumba. Vota pamapeto ndi kupereka mfundo zosangalatsa zotchuka kwambiri.
- Kusaka msakasa - Apatseni osewera aliyense mndandanda womwewo ndipo muwapatse mphindi 5 kuti apeze zinthu mozungulira nyumba zawo zomwe zikugwirizana ndi malongosoledwe amenewo. Malingaliro akamalowera kwambiri, zotsatira zake zimakhala zosangalatsa kwambiri!
Zambiri monga izi ⭐ Mupeza mulu wamalingaliro abwino kwambiri opangira bonasi ya mafunso m'nkhaniyi - Malingaliro 30 Achipani Chaulere Kwathunthu.
Gawo 2 - Sankhani Mafunso anu
Mu nyama yeniyeni yopanga mafunso, tsopano. Mafunso anu ayenera kukhala ...
- Zosayerekezeka
- Kusakaniza kwa zovuta
- Mfupi komanso yosavuta
- Mitundu yosiyanasiyana
Kumbukirani kuti n'kosatheka kuthandiza aliyense ndi funso lililonse. Kuzisunga zosavuta komanso zosiyanasiyana ndiye chinsinsi cha kupambana kwa mafunso!
# 5 - Pangani Zogwirizana
Pokhapokha mukuchita a kuzungulira kwina, mufuna kusunga mafunso lotseguka momwe zingathere. Palibe chifukwa chokhala ndi gulu la Mmene Ndinayambira Ndi Amayi Anu mafunso mu chidziwitso chonse chozungulira, chifukwa sichokhudzana ndi anthu omwe sanachiwonepo.
M'malo mwake, onetsetsani kuti funso lirilonse pozungulira ndilabwino, ambiri. Kupewa kutchula za chikhalidwe cha pop ndikosavuta kunena kuposa kuchita, chifukwa chake lingakhale lingaliro kuyesa mafunso angapo kuti muwone ngati akugwirizana ndi anthu amisinkhu yosiyanasiyana komanso azikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana.
#6 - Sinthani Zovuta
Mafunso osavuta pang'ono kuzungulira onse amatenga nawo mbali, koma mafunso ovuta ochepa amapangitsa aliyense Anachitapo kanthu. Kusiyanitsa zovuta zamafunso anu mozungulira ndi njira yotsimikizika yopangira mafunso.
Mutha kuchita izi mwa njira ziwiri ...
- Yankhani mafunso kuchokera kosavuta mpaka kolimba -Mafunso omwe amakhala ovuta pamene kuzungulira kumayenda ndi machitidwe okhazikika.
- Sungani mafunso osavuta komanso ovuta mwachisawawa - Izi zimapangitsa kuti aliyense azingoyang'ana zala zake ndikuwonetsetsa kuti chibwenzi sichitha.
Zozungulira zina ndizosavuta kuposa zina kudziwa zovuta za mafunso anu. Mwachitsanzo, zingakhale zovuta kudziwa momwe anthu amavutira kupeza mafunso awiri pazidziwitso zonse, koma ndizosavuta kulingalira zomwezo mu kuzungulira kozungulira.
Zingakhale bwino kugwiritsa ntchito njira ziwirizi kuti musinthe zovuta pamene mukufunsa mafunso. Onetsetsani kuti ndizosiyanasiyana! Palibe choyipa kuposa omvera onse kupeza mafunso movutikira kapena mokhumudwitsa.
#7 - Khalani Wachidule komanso Osavuta
Kufunsa mafunso mwachidule ndi osavuta kumatsimikizira kuti ali zomveka bwino komanso zosavuta kuwerenga. Palibe amene amafuna ntchito yowonjezera kuti apeze funso ndipo ndizochititsa manyazi, monga mphunzitsi wa mafunso, kufunsidwa kuti afotokoze zomwe mukutanthauza!
Izi nsonga ndizofunikira makamaka ngati mungasankhe perekani zambiri kuti mupeze mayankho achangu. Nthawi ndiyofunika kwambiri, mafunso ayenera nthawizonse zilembedwe mwachidule momwe zingathere.
#8 - Gwiritsani Ntchito Mitundu Yosiyanasiyana
Zosiyanasiyana ndi zonunkhira za moyo, sichoncho? Zitha kukhala zonunkhira za mafunso anu.
Kukhala ndi mafunso 40 osankhidwa angapo motsatana sikungodula ndi osewera amasiku ano. Kuti mukhale ndi mafunso opambana tsopano, muyenera kuponya mitundu ina mukusakaniza:
- Zosankha zingapo - Zosankha 4, 1 ndizolondola - zophweka kwambiri momwe zimakhalira!
- Kusankha kwazithunzi - Zithunzi 4, 1 ndizolondola - zabwino pa geography, zaluso, masewera ndi maulendo ena okhazikika pazithunzi.
- Lembani yankho - Palibe njira zomwe zaperekedwa, yankho limodzi lolondola (ngakhale mutha kuyika mayankho ena ovomerezeka). Iyi ndi njira yabwino yopangira funso lililonse kukhala lovuta.
- Audio - Makanema omvera omwe amatha kuseweredwa pazosankha zingapo, kusankha kwazithunzi kapena kuyankha funso. Zabwino kwa chilengedwe kapena nyimbo zozungulira.
Khwerero 3 - Pangani Chidwi
Ndi masanjidwe ndi mafunso osanjidwa, ndi nthawi yoti mafunso anu akhale osangalatsa. Umu ndi momwe mungachitire...
- Kuwonjezera maziko
- Kulimbitsa kusewera
- Kuyankha mwachangu
- Wobweretsa mtsogoleri
Kusintha makonda ndi zowonera ndikuwonjezera zochulukirapo kungatenge mafunso anu kupita kumalo ena.
#9 - Onjezani Mbiri
Sitingathe kunena mochulukira kuchuluka kwa maziko osavuta omwe angawonjezere pa mafunso. Ndi ochuluka kwambiri zithunzi zazikulu ndi ma GIF m'manja mwanu, bwanji osawonjezerapo funso limodzi?
Kwa zaka zambiri zomwe takhala tikufunsa mafunso pa intaneti, tapeza njira zingapo zogwiritsira ntchito maziko.
- ntchito mbiri imodzi pafunso lililonse pagawo lililonse. Izi zimathandiza kugwirizanitsa mafunso onse ozungulira pansi pa mutu wa kuzungulira.
- ntchito maziko osiyana pafunso lililonse. Njirayi imafunikira nthawi yochulukirapo yopanga mafunso, koma maziko pafunso lililonse amasangalatsa zinthu.
- ntchito maziko kuti apereke zidziwitso. Pogwiritsa ntchito maziko, ndizotheka kupereka chidziwitso chaching'ono, chowoneka bwino pamafunso ovuta.
- ntchito maziko ngati gawo la funso. Mbiri ikhoza kukhala yabwino pakujambula pazithunzi (onani chitsanzo pamwambapa).
Kutumiza 👊 AhaSlides ali ndi zithunzi zophatikizika kwathunthu ndi malaibulale a GIF omwe akupezeka kwa ogwiritsa ntchito onse. Ingofufuzani laibulale, sankhani chithunzicho, chotsani momwe mukufunira ndikusunga!
#10 - Yambitsani Teamplay
Ngati mukuyang'ana jekeseni wowonjezera wachangu muzofunsa zanu, sewero lamagulu likhoza kukhala. Ngakhale mutakhala ndi osewera angati, kukhala nawo kupikisana m'magulu kumatha kubweretsa chibwenzi chachikulu ndi m'mphepete mwake komwe kumakhala kovuta kujambula posewera payekha.
Umu ndi momwe mungasinthire mafunso aliwonse kuti akhale gulu la mafunso AhaSlides:
Mwa zigoli zitatu malamulo ogoletsa timu on AhaSlides, tikupangira 'chiwerengero chapakati' kapena 'chiwerengero chonse' cha mamembala onse. Zina mwazosankhazi zimatsimikizira kuti mamembala onse amakhalabe pa mpira kuopa kukhumudwitsa anzawo!
#11 - Perekani Mayankho Ofulumira
Njira ina yowonjezerera chisangalalo ngati mukufuna kupanga mafunso ndikupereka mayankho mwachangu. Izi zimawonjezera chinthu china champikisano ndipo zikutanthauza kuti osewera azidikirira funso lililonse lotsatira ndi mpweya wabwino.
Izi ndi zoyatsa zokha AhaSlides, koma mutha kulipeza pafunso lililonse mu Content tabu:
Msonkho 👊 Kuti kwenikweni mmwamba, mutha kuchepetsa nthawi yoyankha. Izi, zophatikizidwa ndi mayankho opindulitsa mwachangu, zikutanthauza kuti mudzakhala ndi liwiro losangalatsa pomwe kusaganiza bwino kungawononge ndalama zambiri!
#12 - Imani Bolodi
Mafunso abwino ndi ongokayikira, sichoncho? Kuwerengera kumeneko kwa wopambana komaliza kudzakhaladi ndi mitima yochepa mkamwa mwawo.
Njira imodzi yabwino yopangira kukayikira ngati iyi ndikubisa zotsatira kufikira gawo lalikulu loti liwulule modabwitsa. Pali masukulu awiri oganiza apa:
- Kumapeto kwa mafunso - Bolodi limodzi lokha limawululidwa pamafunso onse, kumapeto kwenikweni kuti pasapezeke aliyense amene ali ndi lingaliro la udindo wawo mpaka atchulidwe.
- Pambuyo pa kuzungulira kulikonse - Bolodi imodzi pamndandanda womaliza wa mafunso ozungulira kuzungulira kulikonse, kuti osewera athe kupitiliza kupita patsogolo.
AhaSlides amamata bolodi pa mafunso aliwonse omwe mwawonjeza, koma mutha kuwachotsa podina 'chotsani bolodi' pazithunzi za mafunso kapena kuchotsa bolodi yotsogola mumenyu yoyendera:
Msonkho ???? Onjezani mutu wokayikitsa pakati pa slide yomaliza ya mafunso ndi boardboard. Ntchito ya slide yamutu ndikulengeza za bolodi yomwe ikubwera ndikuwonjezera sewero, mwina kudzera m'mawu, zithunzi ndi mawu.
Gawo #4 - Perekani Ngati Pro!
Zonse zakonzeka? Yakwana nthawi yoti muwonetsere owonetsa mafunso amkati mwa njira izi...
- Kuyambitsa kuzungulira kulikonse bwino
- Kuwerenga mafunso mokweza
- Kuphatikiza ma factoid osangalatsa
#13 - Yambitsani Zozungulira (Mwangwiro!)
Kodi ndi liti komaliza kumene munafunsa mafunso ndikukhala opanda malangizo okhudza kalembedwe kameneka? Akatswiri nthawizonse fotokozerani mtundu wa mafunso, komanso mtundu womwe kuzungulira kulikonse kudzatenga.
Mwachitsanzo, nayi momwe tidagwiritsira ntchito a mutu wotsetsereka kuyambitsa imodzi mwazizolowezi zathu Mafunso a Khirisimasi:
- Nambala yozungulira ndi mutu.
- Kufotokozera mwachidule za momwe zozungulira zimagwirira ntchito.
- Mfundo za Bullet zimayankha funso lililonse.
Kukhala ndi malangizo omveka bwino oti mupite ndi mafunso anu achidule komanso osavuta kumatanthauza kuti pali palibe malo osamvetsetseka mu mafunso anu. Ngati simukutsimikiza kuti mwalongosola bwino bwanji malamulo ozungulira ovuta kwambiri, pezani zitsanzo za anthu kuti ayese mutu wanu kuti awone ngati akumvetsa.
Onetsetsani kuti muwerenge malangizo mokweza kuti mupite patsogolo; osangolola osewera anu kuwawerenga! Kunena zomwe...
#14 - Werengani Mokweza
Ndizosavuta kuwona mawu pazenera ndikulola osewera anu ofunsa adziwerengere okha. Koma kuyambira liti mafunso amayenera kukhala chete?
Kupanga mafunso pa intaneti kumatanthauza kupereka mafunso mwaukadaulo momwe mungathere, ndipo kupereka mafunso kumatanthawuza kukopa osewera kudzera mukuwona ndi kumveka.
Nawa maupangiri angapo a mini powerenga mafunso anu:
- Khalani mokweza ndi wonyada - Osachita manyazi pantchitoyo! Kupereka sizinthu za aliyense, koma kukweza mawu anu ndi njira yabwino yosonyezera chidaliro komanso kuti anthu amvetsere.
- Werengani pang'onopang'ono - Pang'onopang'ono ndi momveka bwino ndi njira. Ngakhale mukuwerenga pang'onopang'ono kuposa momwe anthu akuwerengera, mukuwonetsabe chidaliro ndikuwoneka ngati katswiri.
- Werengani zonse kawiri - Ndinadabwa chifukwa chake Alexander Armstrong kuchokera Zopanda pake amawerenga funso lililonse kawiri? Kupha airtime, inde, komanso kuwonetsetsa kuti aliyense wamvetsetsa bwino funsoli ndipo zimathandiza kudzaza chete pomwe akuyankha.
#15 - Onjezani Ma Factoids Osangalatsa
Sizokhudzana ndi mpikisano! Mafunso amathanso kukhala ophunzirira kwambiri, chifukwa chake amatero chotchuka kwambiri m'makalasi.
Mosasamala kanthu za omvera a mafunso anu, aliyense amakonda mfundo yosangalatsa. Ngati pali mfundo yosangalatsa yomwe imabwera mukafufuza funso, lembani ndi kutchula panthawi yazofunsidwa.
Khama lowonjezerali lidzayamikiridwa, zowonadi!
Apo inu muli nacho icho - momwe mungapangire mafunso pa intaneti pamasitepe 4. Tikukhulupirira kuti malangizo 15 omwe ali pamwambapa akutsogolerani kuti mupambane pa mafunso a pa intaneti ndi anzanu, abale, anzanu kapena ophunzira!
Takonzeka Kupanga?
Dinani pansipa kuti muyambe ulendo wanu wofunsa mafunso!
Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri
Kodi mumapanga bwanji fomu yofunsa mafunso?
Mukapanga mafunso AhaSlides, kusankha njira yodziyendetsa pazikhazikiko zidzathandiza otenga nawo mbali kuti alowe nawo ndikuzichita nthawi iliyonse. Mutha kugawana nawo mafunso kudzera maimelo, malo ochezera a pa Intaneti, kapena kuyika ulalo patsamba lanu limodzi ndi batani/chithunzi chokopa cha CTA.
Kodi mumapanga bwanji mafunso abwino?
Fotokozani momveka bwino cholinga ndi omvera omwe afunsidwa. Kodi ndizowunikiranso kalasi, masewera, kapena kuwunika chidziwitso? Onetsetsani kuti muli ndi mafunso osiyanasiyana - kusankha angapo, zoona/ zabodza, zofananira, lembani zomwe zikusowekapo. Sungani bolodi kuti mulimbikitse mzimu wampikisano wa aliyense. Ndi malangizo awa, mafunso abwino ali m'njira.
Kodi ndingatani kuti mafunso anga akhale osangalatsa?
Upangiri wathu woyamba wamomwe mungapangire mafunso ndikuti musamaganize kwambiri kapena kukhala ozama kwambiri pakuchita izi. Mafunso osangalatsa omwe amakhudza unyinji ali ndi zinthu zodabwitsa mmenemo kotero kuti amaphatikizira mwachisawawa ndi mafunso odabwitsa, ndi masewera ang'onoang'ono pakati pa zozungulira, monga gudumu la spinner lomwe mwachisawawa limawonjezera mfundo 500 kwa wosankhidwayo. Mutha kuyiseweranso ndi mutu (mpikisano wamlengalenga, chiwonetsero chamasewera, ndi zina), mfundo, miyoyo, mphamvu zolimbikitsa osewera.