Umyalelo Woontanga | Isikhokelo esiLula esineendlela ezi-5+ zokubandakanya iMfundo

Khawube nomfanekiso-ngqondweni wegumbi lokufundela apho abafundi bezibandakanya ngenkuthalo nesifundo, bebuza imibuzo, beneengxoxo, kwaye befundisana-yiloo nto esiyibiza ngokuba imfundiso yoontanga. Ayiphelelanga nje kubafundi; nokuba ungumfundi, umfundisi-ntsapho, okanye ungumntu osoloko efuna ulwazi, unokuxhamla kwimfundiso yoontanga. 

Kule blog iposti, siza kuphonononga ukuba yintoni na imfundiso yoontanga, kutheni isebenza ngendlela emangalisayo, nini kwaye phi na, kwaye, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, ungayisebenzisa njani ukuze uphucule amava akho.

Masiqalise!

Isiqulatho

• Yintoni Imfundiso Yoontanga? 
• Kutheni Imfundiso Yoontanga Isebenza Kakuhle Kangaka?
• Ifanele Isetyenziswe Nini Yaye Phi Imiyalelo Yoontanga?
• Ungawuphumeza Njani Umyalelo Woontanga?
• IItrakthi ezibalulekileyo

Iingcebiso zokuthethana ngcono

• Izicwangciso zokufunda ezisebenzayo
• Umdlalo wokudlala indima
• Imidlalo yemfundo

Yintoni Imfundiso Yoontanga? 

Peer instruction (PI) yindlela yokufunda apho abafundi bafunda omnye komnye. Endaweni yokumamela nje utitshala, abafundi baphinda baxoxe baze bacaciselane iikhonsepthi. Le ndlela ikhuthaza ukusebenza kweqela kwaye yenza kube lula ukuba wonke umntu eklasini asiqonde isifundo.

Imvelaphi yayo ibuyela kuNjingalwazi uGqr Eric Mazur. Ngeminyaka yoo-1990, waqala ukusebenzisa le ndlela ukuphucula indlela abafundi abafunda ngayo kwiYunivesithi yaseHarvard. Endaweni yeentetho zemveli, wayekhuthaza abafundi ukuba bathethe omnye nomnye kwaye bafunde kwiingxoxo zabo. Ibe ngumbono omhle kwaye ibinceda abafundi ukuba bafunde ngcono ukusukela ngoko.

Kutheni Imfundiso Yoontanga Isebenza Kakuhle Kangaka?

• Ukufunda nge-Friends Feeling: I-Peer Instruction ifuna ukufunda nabahlobo, ukwenza imekobume etofotofo.
• Ukuqonda ngcono ngeNgxoxo nokuFundisa: Ukuxoxa nokufundisana kunceda ekudaleni ukuqonda okunzulu kwesihloko.
• Iingcaciso ezahlukeneyo: Iimbono ezahlukeneyo zabafundi ofunda nabo zingenza iikhonsepthi ezinzima zicace ngakumbi.
• Intsebenziswano yokuSombulula iNgxaki: I-Peer Instruction ibandakanya ukucacisa nokusombulula iingxaki kunye, ngokufanayo nokusombulula iphazili ngokudibeneyo.
• Ithuba lokuziVavanya: Ukufundisa abanye into kusebenza njengokuzivavanya nje okuncinci, kubonisa into esiyibambileyo kwaye yintoni efuna ukuphinda siyivavanye.
• Ukuthuthuzela ngokufunda koontanga: Kudla ngokuba lula kwaye kukhululeke ngakumbi ukufunda kubahlobo kunokuya kutitshala, ngakumbi xa uneentloni.

Ifanele Isetyenziswe Nini Yaye Phi Imiyalelo Yoontanga?

Inokuba luncedo kakhulu kwiimeko ezithile zootitshala, abahlohli, kunye nabafundi:

• Ukufunda eklasini: Ngexesha leeklasi eziqhelekileyo, ngakumbi kwizifundo ezinobuqili njengezibalo okanye isayensi, ootitshala banokusebenzisa imiyalelo yoontanga ukuqinisekisa ukuba bonke abafundi bawaqonda kakuhle amagama.
• ULungiselelo loVavanyo: Ngaphambi kovavanyo olukhulu, abafundi abafunda kunye nomyalelo woontanga banokutshintsha umdlalo. Ukucacisa kunye nokuxubusha imixholo kunye noontanga kunokunyusa ukuqonda kunye nokuzithemba kwabo.
• Iiseshoni zoFundo lweQela: Xa uneqela lokufunda okanye umhlobo wokufunda, imfundiso yoontanga inceda wonke umntu. Abafundi banokutshintshana ngokufundisana baze bacacise amathandabuzo kunye.
• Amaqonga okuFunda kwi-Intanethi: Kwizifundo ze-intanethi, iibhodi zengxoxo, kunye nemisebenzi yeqela inokuphumeza imiyalelo yoontanga ngokufanelekileyo. Ukusebenzisana nabanye abafundi kunye nokwabelana ngolwazi kuphucula amava okufunda kwi-intanethi.

Ungawuphumeza Njani Umyalelo Woontanga?

Ungasebenzisa ezi ndlela zilandelayo ukuyiphumeza ukomeleza uthethathethwano olusebenzayo, ukuqonda, kunye nentsebenziswano phakathi kwabafundi, ukwenza ukufunda kube mnandi kwaye kusebenze.

1/ Cinga-Izibini-Yabelana:

• Cinga: Unga qala ngokukhuthaza abafundi ukuba babonise / baphendule umbuzo othile okanye isihloko ukukhuthaza ukuqonda komntu.
• Matanisa: Khuthaza abafundi ukuba badibanise kwaye baxoxe ngeengcinga zabo kunye neempendulo, ukukhuthaza intsebenziswano yoontanga kunye nemibono eyahlukeneyo.
• Yabelana: Khuthaza abafundi ukuba babelane ngezigqibo neqela elikhulu, bekhuthaza intatho-nxaxheba esebenzayo nokufunda ngentsebenziswano.

2/ Ukufundisa ngokubuyisela:

• Yabela abafundi indima katitshala, apho bachaza ingqikelelo koontanga, bebonisa ukuqonda kwabo isihloko. Emva koko khuthaza abafundi ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kwaye babuzane imibuzo ukuze bafumane ukuqonda okunzulu.
• Ungalibali ukutshintsha indima, ukuvumela abafundi ukuba babandakanyeke ekufundiseni nasekufundeni, ukuphucula ukuqondana.

3/ Ukucebisa koontanga:

• Yenza izibini zabafundi, uqinisekise ukuba umfundi omnye usiqonda ngcono isihloko ukukhokela nokuxhasa abo afunda nabo eklasini.
• Khuthaza umfundi onolwazi ukuba anike iingcaciso kunye nenkxaso, ekhulisa ukuqonda koontanga bakhe.
• Gxininisa inkqubo yokufunda ngeendlela ezimbini, apho bobabini umcebisi kunye nomcetyiswa baxhamla kwaye bakhule ekuqondeni kwabo.

4/ Uvavanyo loontanga:

• Chaza iikhrayitheriya zokuhlola ezicacileyo/imithetho ehambelana neenjongo zokufunda kumsebenzi othile okanye kumsebenzi othile.
• Yabela abafundi ukuba bagqibezele imisebenzi bebodwa okanye bengamaqela, belandela imigaqo yovavanyo enikiweyo.
• Khuthaza abafundi ukuba bavavanye kwaye banike ingxelo ngomsebenzi womnye nomnye besebenzisa imigaqo emiselweyo.
• Gxininisa ukubaluleka kokusebenzisa ingxelo efunyenweyo ukomeleza ukufunda nokuphucula izabelo ezilandelayo.

5/ Ukubuza imibuzo:

• Qala isifundo ngombuzo ovuselelayo ovuselela ukucinga nzulu kwaye ukhuthaze iimbono ezahlukeneyo zabafundi.
• Nika abafundi ixesha lokucamngca ngokuzimeleyo, ukukhuthaza ukuqonda komntu ngamnye imibuzo.
• Bandakanya abafundi kwiingxoxo zeqela elincinci ukuthelekisa iimpendulo kunye nemibono, ukukhuthaza ukuhlola kunye nentsebenziswano.
• Khuthaza abafundi ukuba batshintshisane ngokucacisa iikhonsepthi koontanga babo, bekhuthaza ukucaca kunye nokomeleza ukuqonda phakathi kweqela.
• Cela abafundi ukuba baphinde bacinge ngeempendulo zabo zokuqala, bakhuthaze ukucamngca kunye nohlaziyo olunokubakho ekuqondeni kwabo lo mxholo.

IItrakthi ezibalulekileyo

I-Peer Instruction yindlela yokufunda enamandla eguqula igumbi lokufundela eliqhelekileyo libe ngamava abandakanyayo nawentsebenziswano. 

Kwaye ungayilibali loo nto AhaSlides sisixhobo esisebenzisanayo esonyusa uMyalelo woNtanga. Ivumela abafundi ukuba bazibandakanye nokuvota okuphilayo, iikhwizi, kunye neengxoxo zempendulo ekhawulezileyo. Ngokusebenzisa AhaSlides Iimbonakalo kwaye itemplates, abafundisi-ntsapho banokusebenzisana nabafundi babo, bakhuthaze ukufunda ngentsebenziswano, baze balungelelanise amava okufunda ukuze afanele iimfuno zomntu ngamnye.

Ref: IYunivesithi yaseHavard | LSA

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