Embikweni wakamuva, izinga lokuqashwa ngonyaka odlule lalilinganiselwa ku-56% emhlabeni wonke, okusho ukuthi cishe ingxenye yabasebenzi ayisebenzi. Kodwa ‘kumane kuyiphuzu leqhwa’. Kunokuningi ukuqonda okufanele kubhekwe uma kukhulunywa ngokuntuleka kwemisebenzi. Ngakho, lesi sihloko sigxile ekuchazeni 4 izinhlobo zokungasebenzi, izincazelo zabo, nezizathu ezibabangela. Ukuqonda izinhlobo ezi-4 zokuntuleka kwemisebenzi kubalulekile ekulinganiseni impilo yomnotho.
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Kuyini Ukungasebenzi?
Mayelana nokuqashwa isho isimo lapho abantu abakwaziyo ukusebenza befuna umsebenzi kodwa abawutholi. Ivamise ukuvezwa njengephesenti lengqikithi yabasebenzi futhi iyinkomba eyinhloko yezomnotho. Ukuntuleka kwemisebenzi kungabangelwa izici ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukuwohloka komnotho, izinguquko kwezobuchwepheshe, ukushintsha kwesakhiwo ezimbonini, nezimo ngazinye.
The izinga lokungasebenzi imele inani labangasebenzi njengephesenti labasebenzi futhi ibalwa ngokuhlukanisa inani labasebenzi abangasebenzi ngabasebenzi bese iphindaphinda umphumela nge-100. Imininingwane yabasebenzi ilinganiselwe kubantu abaneminyaka eyi-16 nangaphezulu.
Yiziphi Izinhlobo Ezi-4 Zokungasebenzi Kwezomnotho?
Ukungasebenzi kungaba okokuzithandela noma okuzenzekelayo, okuwela ezinhlotsheni ezi-4 eziyinhloko zokungasebenzi: ukungqubuzana, ukuhleleka, umjikelezo, nohlobo lwesikhungo ngale ndlela elandelayo:
4 Izinhlobo Zokungasebenzi - #1. I-frictional
Ukungasebenzi okuningana kwenzeka lapho abantu besohlelweni lokuhamba phakathi kwemisebenzi noma bengena emakethe yezabasebenzi okokuqala ngqa. Kuthathwa njengengxenye yemvelo nengagwemeki yemakethe yemisebenzi eguquguqukayo nethuthukayo. Lolu hlobo lokuntuleka kwemisebenzi luvame ukuba ngowesikhathi esifushane, njengoba abantu bezinika isikhathi sokufuna amathuba omsebenzi afanelekayo ahambisana namakhono abo kanye nalokho abakuthandayo.
Kunezizathu ezimbalwa zokuthi kungani ukuntuleka kwemisebenzi okuyizingxabano kuvame kakhulu:
- Abantu bayathutha ngenxa yezizathu zabo siqu noma zomsebenzi, okuholela egebeni lesikhashana emsebenzini.
- Abantu abasanda kuphothula izifundo zabo futhi abangena emakethe yezemisebenzi bangase babhekane nokuntuleka kwemisebenzi okungatheni njengoba befuna umsebenzi wabo wokuqala wangemva kokuthweswa iziqu.
- Umuntu ngokuzithandela ushiya umsebenzi wakhe wamanje ukuze ahlole amathuba emisebenzi angcono futhi usezinhlelweni zokufuna umsebenzi omusha.
Ukubhekana nalesi simo, izinkampani eziningi zinikeza ama-internship kwabasanda kuthola iziqu noma abazothweswa iziqu. Ziningi futhi izinkundla zokuxhumana ezixhumanisa abathweswe iziqu namabhizinisi.
4 Izinhlobo Zokungasebenzi - #2. Okwesakhiwo
Ukuntuleka kwemisebenzi kwesakhiwo kuvela ngenxa yokungafani phakathi kwamakhono abasebenzi abanawo kanye namakhono afunwa abaqashi. Lolu hlobo luyaphikelela futhi luvame ukubangelwa izinguquko ezibalulekile emnothweni.
Izimpande ezibalulekile eziholela ekwandeni kwezinga lokuntuleka kwemisebenzi kwesakhiwo zihlanganisa:
- Intuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe ingase iholele ekuzishintsheni, kwenze amakhono athile omsebenzi aphelelwe yisikhathi kuyilapho kudala isidingo samakhono amasha, ngokuvamile akhethekile. Abasebenzi abanamakhono aphelelwe yisikhathi bangase bakuthole kuyinselele ukuthola umsebenzi ngaphandle kokuqeqeshwa kabusha.
- Izinguquko ezakhiweni zezimboni, ezifana nokwehla kwezinga lokukhiqiza elivamile kanye nokwanda kwezimboni eziqhutshwa ubuchwepheshe.
- Amathuba emisebenzi agxile ezindaweni ezithile zezwe, kanye nabasebenzi amakhono afanele zitholakala ezifundeni ezahlukene.
- Ukuncintisana okukhulayo komhlaba wonke kanye nokukhishwa kwemisebenzi yokukhiqiza emazweni anezindleko eziphansi zabasebenzi kube nomthelela ekuqhudelaneni kokuqashwa.
Ngokwesibonelo, izinkulungwane zabantu baseMelika abasembonini yensimbi, yezimoto, ye-electronics neyendwangu balahlekelwa imisebenzi futhi baphelelwa umsebenzi ngenxa yokuthi izinkampani eziningi zaseMelika zandisa ukuthengwa kwempahla emazweni asathuthuka. Ukuvela kwe-AI sekufake engcupheni yokulahleka kwemisebenzi ezimbonini eziningi, ikakhulukazi i-Manufacturing and Assembly Lines.
4 Izinhlobo Zokungasebenzi - #3. I-Cyclical
Uma umnotho usehlahleni noma ukwehla komnotho, isidingo sezimpahla namasevisi ngokuvamile siyehla, okuholela ekwehleni kokukhiqiza nokuqashwa, okusho ukungasebenzi okuwumjikelezo. Imvamisa ithathwa njengesikhashana ngoba iboshelwe emjikelezweni webhizinisi. Njengoba izimo zomnotho ziba ngcono, amabhizinisi aqala ukwanda futhi, okuholela ekwandeni kokukhiqizwa nokuqashwa kabusha kwabasebenzi.
Isibonelo esingokoqobo sokuntuleka kwemisebenzi okungase sibonakale phakathi nenhlekelele yezimali yomhlaba wonke ka-2008 kanye nokuwohloka komnotho okwalandela. Le nkinga ibe nomthelela omkhulu ezimbonini ezehlukene, okuholele ekulahlekeni kwemisebenzi okusabalele kanye nokwanda kokuntuleka kwemisebenzi okulandelanayo.
Esinye isibonelo ukuthi ukulahleka komsebenzi wezigidi zabantu ngesikhathi sokuwohloka komnotho okubangelwe umqedazwe we-COVID-19 ngo-2020. Lo bhubhane ube nomthelela omkhulu ezimbonini zezinsiza ezithembele ekusebenzelaneni kwabantu, njengokungenisa izihambi, ezokuvakasha, izindawo zokudlela, nokuzijabulisa. I-Lockdowns iholela ekwandeni kokudilizwa kwabasebenzi kanye nama-furloughs.
4 Izinhlobo Zokungasebenzi - #4. Isikhungo
Ukuntuleka kwemisebenzi ezikhungweni yitemu elingajwayelekile, elenzeka lapho abantu bengasebenzi ngenxa yezizathu zikahulumeni nezenhlalo kanye nezinzuzo.
Ake sibhekisise lolu hlobo:
- Nakuba imithetho yamaholo amancane ihlose ukuvikela abasebenzi, futhi iyisici esiyinhloko esiholela ekusweleni umsebenzi uma iholo elincane eligunyaziwe libekwe ngaphezu kweholo elilinganayo lemakethe. Abaqashi bangase bangathandi noma bangakwazi ukuqasha abasebenzi emazingeni aphezulu amaholo, okuholela ekuswelekeni kwemisebenzi, ikakhulukazi kubasebenzi abangenamakhono aphansi.
- Ukuthola amalayisense omsebenzi kungaba isithiyo ekungeneni emisebenzini ethile. Nakuba ihlose ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi nokuphepha, izimfuneko eziqinile zokuthola amalayisense zinganciphisa amathuba emisebenzi futhi zidale ukuntuleka kwemisebenzi, ikakhulukazi kulabo abangakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezindinganiso zamalayisense.
- Izinqubo zokuqasha ezibandlululayo zingadala amathuba okungalingani emakethe yemisebenzi. Uma amaqembu athile abantu ebhekana nokubandlululwa, kungaholela emazingeni aphezulu okuntuleka kwemisebenzi kulawo maqembu futhi kube nomthelela ekungalinganini kwezenhlalo nezomnotho.
Ukubhekana Nokungasebenzi
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela lokho ukubhekana nokuntuleka kwemisebenzi. Nakuba uhulumeni, umphakathi, kanye namabhizinisi besebenzisana ekuthuthukeni kwemakethe yemisebenzi, kwakha imisebenzi eyengeziwe, noma baxhumanisa abaqashi nalabo abangase bangenele ukhetho ngempumelelo kakhudlwana, abantu ngabanye kufanele bafunde, bazibuyekeze, futhi bazivumelanise nezwe elishintsha ngokushesha.
Nansi eminye imizamo eseyenziwe ukubhekana nokuntuleka kwemisebenzi:
- Khuthaza ukwakhiwa kwezinhlelo ze-internship kanye nezinhlelo zokufunda ezihlinzeka ngolwazi olusebenzayo kubantu abangena emsebenzini.
- Ukukhuthaza ubudlelwano phakathi kwezikhungo zemfundo namabhizinisi ukuze kube lula ukushintshwa okusuka kwezemfundo kuye emsebenzini.
- Sebenzisa izinhlelo zomshwalense wokungasebenzi ezihlinzeka ngosekelo lwezezimali ngezikhathi zokushintsha komsebenzi.
- Qalisa kabusha amakhono kubasebenzi abasezimbonini ezinciphayo ukuze babasize bathole amakhono amasha ahambisana nemikhakha ekhulayo.
- Nikeza ngezinsiza nezinhlelo zokweluleka kubantu abathanda ukuqala amabhizinisi abo.
Izitoreji Eziyinhloko
Izinkampani eziningi zibhekene nokuntuleka kwethalente, futhi esinye sezizathu eziyinhloko ukuthi abantu bafuna imisebenzi exubile, isiko lenkampani elinempilo, nendawo yokusebenza ehehayo. Uma ufuna indlela entsha yokuxhumana nabasebenzi bakho, sebenzisa i-AhaSlides njengebhuloho phakathi kwamaqembu akho. Kuqala ngokwakha inqubo yokugibela enengqondo, ukuqeqeshwa okubonakalayo kokwakha iqembu okuvamisile nokuthokozisayo, nezinkundla zokucobelelana ngolwazi ngokusebenzisana nokusebenzisana.
Imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa:
Ingabe i-cyclical neyesizini iyafana?
Cha, abhekisela etemini elihlukile. Ukuntuleka kwemisebenzi okuwumjikelezo kubangelwa ukushintshashintsha komjikelezo webhizinisi, ngokulahleka kwemisebenzi okwenzeka ngesikhathi sokuwohloka komnotho. Ukuntuleka kwemisebenzi kwesizini kwenzeka ngesikhathi isidingo sabasebenzi sinqatshwa ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka, njengamaholide noma izinkathi zokulima.
Yisiphi isibonelo sokuntuleka kwemisebenzi okufihliwe?
Ukuntuleka kwemisebenzi okucashile, okubuye kwaziwe ngokuthi ukungasebenzi okucashile, kuwuhlobo lokuntuleka kwemisebenzi olungavezwa ezingeni elisemthethweni lokungasebenzi. Kuhlanganisa abantu abangasebenzi kahle, okusho ukuthi basebenza kancane kunalokho abakufunayo noma abakudingayo, noma abasebenza emisebenzini engahambisani namakhono noma iziqu zabo. Kubandakanya nabantu abadangele, okusho ukuthi sebeyekile ukufuna umsebenzi ngoba bebona ukuthi awukho umsebenzi ohambisana nesifiso sabo. Ngokwesibonelo, ophothule ekolishi osebenza njenge-casher esitolo esikhulu ngenxa yokuthi akawutholi umsebenzi emkhakheni wakhe wokufunda.
Kuyini ukungasebenzi ngokuzithandela nokungazikhetheli?
Ukuntuleka kwemisebenzi ngokuzithandela yilapho abantu abakwaziyo ukusebenza bekhetha ukungasebenzi, nakuba kunemisebenzi efanelekayo etholakalayo. Ukuntuleka kwemisebenzi okungahleliwe yilapho abantu abakwaziyo nabazimisele ukusebenza bengakwazi ukuthola imisebenzi, nakuba bematasa befuna umsebenzi.
Yiziphi izinhlobo ezi-9 zokungasebenzi?
Esinye isigaba sokungasebenzi sihlukaniswe ngezinhlobo eziyi-9:
Ukungasebenzi Kwe-Cyclic
I-Frictional Ukungasebenzi
Ukungasebenzi Kwezingqalasizinda
Ukungasebenzi Kwemvelo
Ukungasebenzi Isikhathi Eside
Ukungasebenzi Kwesizini
Ukungasebenzi Kwakudala.
Umsebenzi ongaphansi.
Ref: Investopedia
