Umhlahlandlela Wokuxoxisana Okunezimiso Eziyimpumelelo | Izibonelo zango-2024 ezinesu Elingcono Kakhulu

Ukuxoxisana akukona nje kuphela ngezithombe zezimpi ezinzima, zokuhlulwa, ezishiya iqembu elilodwa linqobile kanti elinye lizizwa linqotshiwe. Kuyindlela engcono ebizwa ukuxoxisana okunezimiso, lapho ubulungisa nokubambisana kuba khona okubaluleke kakhulu. 

Kulo mbhalo webhulogi, sizokwethula emhlabeni wezingxoxo ezinezimiso, sihlahlele ukuthi kusho ukuthini, imigomo emine eyisisekelo eyiqondisayo, okuhle nokubi, kanye nezibonelo zayo. Ngakho-ke, uma usukulungele ukulola amakhono akho okuxoxisana futhi wakhe ubudlelwano obuqinile, qhubeka ufunda!

Okuqukethwe 

• Iyini Ingxoxo Eyisimiso?
• Yiziphi Izimiso Ezine Zezingxoxo Ezinezimiso
• Izinzuzo kanye Nobubi Bezingxoxo Ezisekelwe
• Izibonelo Zezingxoxo Ezinezimiso
• Ukuhlola Isu Lengxoxo Elinezimiso
• Izitoreji Eziyinhloko
• Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Amathiphu Okuhlanganyela Okungcono

• Izinhlobo zokuxoxisana
• Izingxoxo zenkontileka
• Ukuxoxisana kokusabalalisa

Iyini Ingxoxo Eyisimiso?

Ingxoxo enomgomo, eyaziwa nangokuthi ukuxoxisana okusekelwe ezithakazelweni, kuyindlela yokubambisana yokuxazulula izingxabano nokwenza amadili. Esikhundleni sokugxila ekuwineni noma ekulahlekelweni, igcizelela ukulunga nokuzuzisana. 

Yasungulwa nguRoger Fisher kanye noWilliam Ury ku-Harvard Negotiation Project ngawo-1980. Baveze le ndlela encwadini yabo enethonya “Ukufika ku-Yebo: Ukuxoxisana Ngesivumelwano Ngaphandle Kokuvuma,” eyanyatheliswa okokuqala ngo-1981.

Ukuxoxisana okunezimiso kusebenza kahle kakhulu ezimweni lapho amaqembu efuna ukulondoloza ubudlelwano, afinyelele izivumelwano ezihlala njalo, futhi agweme ukuguquguquka okuphambene okuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nezingxoxo zendabuko, eziqhudelanayo.

Yiziphi Izimiso Ezine Zezingxoxo Ezinezimiso?

Nazi izimiso ezi-4 zalolu hlobo lwezingxoxo:

1/ Hlukanisa Abantu Enkingeni: 

Ezingxoxweni ezinomgomo, kugxilwa odabeni okukhulunywa ngalo, hhayi ukuhlasela noma ukusola abantu ngabanye. Ikhuthaza ukuxhumana ngenhlonipho nokuqonda umbono weqembu ngalinye.

2/ Gxila Ezithakazelweni, Hhayi Izikhundla: 

Kunokunamathela ezimfuno ezingaguquki noma ezikhundleni, abaxoxisana abanezimiso bahlola izintshisekelo eziyisisekelo nezidingo zabo bonke abathintekayo. Ngokuhlonza ukuthi yini ebaluleke ngempela ohlangothini ngalunye, bangathola izixazululo zokudala ezenelisa wonke umuntu.

3/ Izinketho Zokusungula Zokuzuza Okuhlanganyelwe: 

Ukuxoxisana okunezimiso kukhuthaza ukucabanga ngezixazululo eziningi ezingenzeka. Le ndlela idala ukukhetha okwengeziwe namathuba ezivumelwano ezizuzisa bonke abathintekayo.

4/ Phikelela Ekusebenziseni Imibandela Yokunquma: 

Esikhundleni sokuthembela emidlalweni yamandla, njengokuthi ubani onamandla noma onomsindo omkhulu, ukuxoxisana okunezimiso kusebenzisa izindinganiso ezifanele nezingachemi ukuze kuhlolwe iziphakamiso nokwenza izinqumo. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi imiphumela isekelwe ekucabangeni nasekungenzeleli.

Izinzuzo kanye Nobubi Bezingxoxo Ezisekelwe

Izinzuzo zokuxoxisana okunezimiso:

• Okulungile Nokuziphatha: Ukuxoxisana okunezimiso kugcizelela ukwenzelela kanye nokuziphatha okuhle, okukhuthaza ubulungiswa enqubweni yokuxoxisana.
• Gcina ubudlelwano: Kusiza ukugcina noma ukuthuthukisa ubudlelwano phakathi kwezinhlangano ngokugxila ekusebenzisaneni kunokuncintisana.
• Creative Inkinga Ukuxazulula: Ngokuhlola izinto ozithakaselayo kanye nezinketho zokubonisana, le ngxoxo ikhuthaza izixazululo zokudala ezingazuzisa zonke izinhlangothi.
• Yehlisa Ukungqubuzana: Ibhekana nezinkinga nezithakazelo eziwumsuka, inciphisa amathuba okuba izingxabano zidlondlobale.
• Izivumelwano Zesikhathi Eside: Ukuxoxisana okunezimiso kuvame ukuphumela ezivumelwaneni ezihlala isikhathi eside ngenxa yokuthi zisekelwe ekuqondeni okufanayo nasekungenzeleli.
• Kwakha ukwethenjwa: Ukwethembana kutshalwa ngokukhulumisana okuvulelekayo kanye nokuzibophezela ekwenzeni ubulungisa, okungaholela ezingxoxweni eziyimpumelelo.
• Win-Win Imiphumela: Ifuna izixazululo lapho bonke abathintekayo bezuza okuthile, okwenza umuzwa wokwaneliseka kwawo wonke umuntu ohilelekile.

Ububi bokuxoxisana okunezimiso:

• Kuthatha isikhathi: Inqubo ingase idle isikhathi, njengoba ihilela ukuhlola okujulile kwezinto ezithakaselwayo nezinketho.
• Ayizifanele zonke izimo: Ezimweni ezinokuncintisana kakhulu noma eziphikisanayo, ukuxoxisana okunesimiso kungase kungasebenzi njengezindlela zokugomela.
• Idinga Ukubambisana: Impumelelo incike ekuzimiseleni kwazo zonke izinhlangothi ukubambisana nokuzibandakanya engxoxweni eyakhayo.
• Ukungalingani Okungenzeka Kwamandla: Kwezinye izimo, iqembu elilodwa linamandla amakhulu kakhulu, ngakho-ke ukuxoxisana okunesimiso kungase kungalinganisi inkundla.
• Akuhlali Kuzuzwa Ukuwina-Ukuwina: Naphezu kwemizamo emihle kakhulu, ukuzuza umphumela wangempela wokuwina kungase kungenzeki ngaso sonke isikhathi, kuye ngezimo nezinhlangothi ezihilelekile.

Izibonelo Zezingxoxo Ezinezimiso

Nazi izibonelo ezimbalwa ezilula zale ngxoxo isebenza:

1. Ubambiswano Lwebhizinisi:

Osomabhizinisi ababili, uSarah noDavid, bafuna ukuqala ibhizinisi ndawonye. Bobabili banemibono ehlukene mayelana negama nelogo. Esikhundleni sokuphikisana, basebenzisa ukuxoxisana okunezimiso. 

• Baxoxa ngezintshisekelo zabo, ezifaka ukuqashelwa komkhiqizo nokunamathela komuntu siqu. 
• Banquma ukwakha igama eliyingqayizivele elihlanganisa izici ezivela kuyo yomibili imibono yabo futhi baklame ilogo ebonisa yomibili imibono yabo. 
• Ngale ndlela, bafinyelela ukuvumelana okwanelisa izinhlangothi zombili futhi kusetha ithoni enhle yobudlelwano babo.

2. Ukungavumelani Emsebenzini:

Emsebenzini, osebenza nabo ababili, u-Emily noMike, abavumelani mayelana nendlela yokuhlukanisa imisebenzi ethile. Esikhundleni sokungena engxabanweni eshubile, basebenzisa izingxoxo ezinezimiso. 

• Bakhuluma ngezinto abazithandayo, njengomthwalo ofanelekile womsebenzi kanye nempumelelo yephrojekthi. 
• Banquma ukwaba imisebenzi ngokusekelwe kumandla nezithakazelo zomuntu ngamunye, okwenza ukwahlukaniswa kwezabasebenzi okunokulinganisela nokuphumelelayo.
•  Le ndlela inciphisa ukungezwani futhi iholela ebudlelwaneni bokusebenza obukhiqiza kakhulu.

Ukuhlola Isu Lengxoxo Elinezimiso

Nali isu elenziwe lula ongalilandela ukuze uxazulule izingxabano futhi ufinyelele izivumelwano ezimeni ezihlukahlukene.

1/ Ukulungiselela:

• Qonda Izintshisekelo: Ngaphambi kokuqala izingxoxo, zinike isikhathi sokuqonda izintshisekelo zakho kanye nezintshisakalo zomunye umuntu. Nobabili nifunani ngempela kulokhu kuxoxisana?
• Qoqa Ulwazi: Qoqa amaqiniso afanelekile kanye nedatha ukusekela isikhundla sakho. Uma unolwazi olwengeziwe, icala lakho lizoba namandla.
• Chaza i-BATNA: Nquma enye indlela yakho engcono kakhulu yesivumelwano okuxoxiswane ngaso (BATNA). Lolu wuhlelo lwakho oluyisipele uma ukuxoxisana kungaphumeleli. Ukwazi i-BATNA yakho kuqinisa isikhundla sakho.

2/ Izimiso Ezine Zezingxoxo Ezinezimiso

Ngemuva kokulungiselela, ungasebenzisa Izimiso Ezine Zokuxoxisana Okunezimiso okukhulunywe ngenhla:

• Hlukanisa Abantu Enkingeni
• Gxila Ezithakazelweni, Hhayi Izikhundla
• Khiqiza Izinketho Zokuzuza Okuhlanganyelwe
• Gxila Ekusebenziseni Imibandela Yezinjongo

3/ Ukuxhumana:

Womabili amaqembu abelana ngemibono nezintshisekelo zawo, abeka isisekelo sezingxoxo.

• Ukulalela Okugcwele: Ungase usho into enjengokuthi, “Ngikuzwa uthi ukhathazekile ngentengo. Ungangitshela okwengeziwe ngalokho?”
• Buza Imibuzo: Ungase ubuze, “Iziphi izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu kuwe kule ngxoxo?”
• Ukuveza Izintshisekelo Zakho: Ungase uthi, “Nginentshisekelo yokwenza lo msebenzi wenziwe ngesikhathi nangesabelo-mali. Ngikhathazekile nangezinga lomsebenzi.”

4/ Ukuxoxisana:

• Dala Inani: Zama ukunweba uphaya ngokuthola izindlela zokwenza isivumelwano sibe nenzuzo kuzo zombili izinhlangothi.
• Ukuhwebelana: Zimisele ukuvumelana nezindaba ezingabalulekile kangako ukuze uthole izinzuzo ezindabeni ezibucayi kakhulu.
• Gwema Ukungqubuzana Okungenasidingo: Gcina inqubo yokuxoxisana inokuthula ngangokunokwenzeka. Ungenzi ukuhlasela komuntu siqu noma izinsongo.

5/ Isivumelwano:

• Bhala Isivumelwano: Bhala isivumelwano, uchaze yonke imigomo nemibandela.
• Buyekeza futhi uqinisekise: Qinisekisa ukuthi zombili izinhlangothi ziqonda ngokugcwele futhi ziyavumelana nemigomo ngaphambi kokuphothula isivumelwano.

6/ Ukuqaliswa kanye Nokulandelela:

• Thatha isinyathelo ngesivumelwano: Zombili izinhlangothi kufanele zifeze izibopho zazo njengoba kuvunyelwene ngazo. 
• Linganisa: Buyekeza isivumelwano ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi sisahlangabezana nezintshisekelo zazo zombili izinhlangothi.

Izitoreji Eziyinhloko

I-Principle Negotiation ikhuthaza ukungenzeleli nokusebenzisana, ikwenze kube indlela ephumelelayo ezimeni ezihlukahlukene. Ukuze uthuthukise inqubo yakho yokuxoxisana futhi wethule imibono yakho ngempumelelo, cabanga ukusebenzisa I-AhaSlides. Zethu izici ezisebenzisanayo futhi izifanekiso zingamathuluzi abalulekile okuxhumana nomunye umuntu, akhuthaza ukuqonda, nokufinyelela izivumelwano ezizuzisayo.

imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa

Ref: Uhlelo Lokuxoxisana e-Harvard Law School | Izazi Ezisebenzayo