Uma abahlanganyeli bengena emhlanganweni wakho wokuthuthukisa ubuholi, abagcini nje ngokufuna ithiyori. Babhekene nezinselele zangempela: amaqembu angahlanganyeli, izingxoxo ezinzima, ukumelana noshintsho, kanye nengcindezi yansuku zonke yokuletha imiphumela ngenkathi bethuthukisa abantu. Amakhono obuholi obasiza ukuba bawakhe azonquma ukuthi bamane nje baphatha noma bahola ngempela.
Lo mhlahlandlela ophelele uhlola amakhono obuholi ayinhloko ucwaningo olubonisa ukuthi enza umehluko olinganisekayo, kanye namasu asebenzayo okuthuthukisa la makhono ngokuqeqeshwa okubandakanyayo nokuxhumana okunamathelayo.
Ayini amakhono obuholi?
Amakhono obuholi amakhono avumela abantu ngabanye ukuqondisa amaqembu, ukuphefumulela isenzo, nokufeza imigomo efanayo ngethonya hhayi ngegunya kuphela. Ngokungafani namandla esikhundla, la makhono agxile ethonyeni lomphakathi: ikhono lokugqugquzela umzamo oqondiswe nguwe, ukwakha amaqembu asebenza kahle, nokudala umthelela oqhubekayo enhlanganweni.
Ucwaningo oluvela ku- Isikhungo sobuholi bokudala, efunde ngempumelelo yobuholi iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50, ikhombisa ukuthi ubuholi obuqinile budala isiqondiso, ukuvumelana, kanye nokuzibophezela ngaphakathi kwamaqembu. Lolu hlaka ludlulela ngale kwenganekwane "yendoda enkulu" ukuze luqaphele ubuholi njengeqoqo lokuziphatha namakhono angafundwa.
Kwabaqeqeshi bezinkampani kanye nochwepheshe be-L&D, lo mehluko ubaluleke kakhulu. Nakuba abanye abantu bengase babe nokuthambekela kwemvelo ekuziphatheni okuthile kobuholi, amakhono enza abaholi abaphumelelayo ngempela athuthuka ngokuzijwayeza ngamabomu, impendulo eyakhayo, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwangempela. Indima yakho ekwenzeni lokhu kuthuthukiswe idala abaholi abaguqula ukusebenza kwenhlangano.
Umehluko phakathi kobuholi nokuphatha
Abaholi abaningi abasafufusa badidanisa ukuphatha nobuholi, kodwa ukuqonda umehluko kwakheka indlela oklama ngayo izinhlelo zokuthuthukisa. Ukuphatha kugxila ekufezeni izinhlelo, ukuhlela izinsiza, kanye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle. Ubuholi bugxile embonweni, ethonyeni, kanye nasekukhuthazeni amaqembu ukuba afinyelele imigomo enezifiso ezinkulu.
Zombili zibalulekile. Abaholi abahle badinga amakhono okuphatha ukuze bafeze umbono wabo, kuyilapho abaphathi abaphumelelayo bezuza ezimfanelweni zobuholi ezihlanganisa amaqembu abo. Izinhlelo zokuthuthukisa ezinomthelela omkhulu zihlanganisa amakhono womabili ngenkathi zigcizelela amakhono obuholi aqhuba ukuzibandakanya nokusebenza.
Kubaqeqeshi abasebenza nabaphathi abasezingeni eliphakathi abashintshela ezikhundleni zobuholi, lo mehluko usiza abahlanganyeli ukuqonda imithwalo yabo yemfanelo ekhulayo: basuka ekubeni ngumuntu onikelayo kahle baye ekubeni nomthelela ophindaphindayo ngabanye.
Ingabe abaholi bazalwa noma bathuthukile?
Lo mbuzo uvela cishe kuzo zonke izinhlelo zobuholi, futhi impendulo ibumba indlela yokucabanga yabahlanganyeli. Nakuba inkolelo-mbono yezimpawu iphakamisa ukuthi abanye bazuza izinzuzo zemvelo njengefa, ucwaningo lokuziphatha lubonisa kakhulu ukuthi amakhono obuholi athuthuka ngomzamo ohlosiwe kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho.
Ucwaningo lweGallup luthole ukuthi kuyilapho cishe abantu abayi-10% benamakhono obuholi bemvelo, abanye abangama-20% banamandla amakhulu angavulwa yintuthuko ehlosiwe.Ama-70% asele angathuthukisa amakhono obuholi aphumelelayo ngokufunda okuhlelekile, ukuzijwayeza, kanye nokuqeqesha.
Lolu cwaningo kufanele lukhuthaze wonke umqeqeshi: amakhono obuholi abawadingayo abahlanganyeli bakho angathuthukiswa ngokuphelele. Okuhlukanisa abaholi bemvelo kubaholi abathuthukile akusikho amandla aphezulu kodwa indawo yokuqala. Ngendlela efanele yokuthuthukisa, abantu ngabanye kunoma yiliphi izinga bangakha amakhono aqhuba ukusebenza kweqembu.
Isihluthulelo sisekudaleni okuhlangenwe nakho kokufunda okuhlanganisa ukudluliselwa kolwazi nokuzijwayeza ukuziphatha kanye nempendulo yokuzindla. Izindlela zokuqeqesha ezisebenzisanayo ezihilela abahlanganyeli ekusebenziseni imiqondo zisheshisa ngokushesha le ntuthuko kakhulu.
Amakhono obuholi ayi-12 abalulekile endaweni yokusebenza yanamuhla
1. Ukuzazi kanye nokuzijwayeza ukuzindla
Abaholi abaziqondayo bayaqonda amandla abo, ukulinganiselwa kwabo, izinto ezibashukumisayo ngokomzwelo, kanye nomthelela kwabanye. Leli khono eliyisisekelo lenza abaholi bakwazi ukulawula ukuziphatha kwabo, ukufuna ukwesekwa okufanele, nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwabo njalo.
Ucwaningo oluvela kwi-psychology yenhlangano luhlala lukhomba ukuzazi njengophawu olunamandla kakhulu lwempumelelo yobuholi. Abaholi abahlola ngokunembile amakhono abo benza izinqumo ezingcono mayelana nokunikeza abanye, intuthuko, kanye nesiqondiso samasu.
Indlela yokuyithuthukisa: Qalisa Impendulo ye-360-degree ukuhlolwa okunikeza abaholi imibono ephelele evela kubaphathi, ontanga, kanye nemibiko eqondile. Dala imikhuba yokuzijwayeza ecatshangelwe kahle usebenzisa izingxoxo ezihlelekile zokubhala amajenali noma ukuqeqesha ontanga. Ema-workshop, sebenzisa ukuvota okungaziwa ukusiza abaholi babone ukuthi ukuzibona kwabo kuqhathaniswa kanjani nezindinganiso zeqembu, okudala "izikhathi ze-aha" ezinamandla mayelana nezindawo ezingaboni.
Amathuluzi asebenzisanayo njengamafu ezwi abukhoma athwebula imibono yeqembu ngokuziphatha kobuholi ngesikhathi sangempela, enikeza impendulo esheshayo eqhuba ukuzazi. Lapho ababambiqhaza bebona uvo oluqotho lweqembu labo luvezwa ngokungaziwa, bathola ukuqonda impendulo evamile evame ukuphuthelwa.
2. Ukucabanga ngamasu kanye nokwenza izinqumo
Abaholi abangochwepheshe baxhumanisa imisebenzi yansuku zonke nombono wesikhathi eside, belindele izinselele namathuba ngaphambi kokuba abe yisiphuthumi. Leli khono lihlukanisa abaphathi abasabelayo nabaholi abathatha isinyathelo ababeka amaqembu abo empumelelweni esimeme.
Ukwenza izinqumo okuphumelelayo kulinganisela ukunemba kokuhlaziya nesenzo esifike ngesikhathi. Ucwaningo oluvela eHarvard Business School lugcizelela ukuthi abaholi abahle kakhulu baqoqa imibono eyahlukahlukene, bathole izindlela ezibalulekile zokuthatha izinqumo, futhi bazibophezele ngokuzimisela uma sebenolwazi olwanele.
Indlela yokuyithuthukisa: Dala ukufunda okusekelwe ezimweni lapho abahlanganyeli behlaziya khona izimo zebhizinisi eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi bavikele izinqumo zamasu. Sebenzisa ukuvota okubukhoma ukuze uveze imibono eyahlukahlukene ngezinketho zamasu, ubonise ukuthi ukwehlukahluka kwengqondo kuqinisa kanjani izinqumo. Dala uhlaka lokwenza izinqumo oluhlelekile abahlanganyeli abalusebenzisa ngokuphindaphindiwe kuze kube yilapho inqubo iba yinto evamile.
Izikhathi ze-Q&A ezisebenzisanayo ngesikhathi sokuqeqeshwa zivumela ababambiqhaza ukuthi bahlole isizathu sokukhetha amasu, kuyilapho ukuvota ngesikhathi sangempela ngezinketho zamasu kwembula amaphethini okucabanga avamile kanye nokucwasa ngaphakathi kweqembu.
3. Ukuxhumana nokulalela ngenkuthalo
Ukusebenza kahle kokuxhumana kunquma ukuthi abaholi bangakwazi yini ukuchaza umbono, banikeze isiqondiso esicacile, futhi bakhe ukuqonda okuqhuba ukuvumelana. Kodwa ukuxhumana kobuholi beqiniso kudlulela ngale kokucaca kufaka phakathi ukulalela kwangempela okwenza abantu bazizwe bezwiwa futhi bebalulekile.
Isikhungo Sobuholi Bokudala sibona ukuxhumana njengokungahlukaniseki nobuholi obusebenzayo. Abaholi kumele bavumelanise indlela yabo yokuxhumana nezilaleli ezahlukene, izimo, nezinjongo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi bethula kubaphathi, abaqeqeshi bamalungu eqembu, noma baqondisa izingxoxo ezinzima.
Indlela yokuyithuthukisa: Zijwayeze izivivinyo zokulalela ezihlelekile lapho abahlanganyeli bechaza khona lokho abakuzwile ngaphambi kokuphendula. Lungiselela ukuhlolwa kwesitayela sokuxhumana okusiza abaholi baqonde ukuthi abantu abahlukene bathola kanjani ulwazi. Dala amathuba okwethula ngempendulo esheshayo yabahlanganyeli ngezikali zokulinganisa ezingaziwa.
4. Ukuhlakanipha ngokomzwelo kanye nozwela
Abaholi abahlakaniphile ngokomzwelo bayaqaphela futhi balawule imizwa yabo ngenkathi befunda ngokunembile futhi bephendula ezimweni zemizwa zabanye. Leli khono lakha ukwethembana, linciphisa izingxabano, futhi lidala izindawo eziphephile ngokwengqondo lapho abantu benikela khona ngokucabanga kwabo okuhle kakhulu.
Ucwaningo lubonisa njalo ukuthi abaholi abanobuhlakani obuphezulu bemizwa bakha amaqembu abandakanyeka kakhulu anezinguquko eziphansi kanye nokusebenza okuphezulu. Uzwela, ikakhulukazi, luvumela abaholi ukuthi baqonde imibono eyahlukahlukene futhi babhekane nobunzima bokuxhumana nabantu ngokuzwela.
Indlela yokuyithuthukisa: Yenza izivivinyo zokulingisa indima ezakha amakhono okuthatha umbono onozwela. Lungiselela izingxoxo mayelana nezinto ezibangela imizwa namasu okulawula. Sebenzisa izinhlolovo ezingaziwa ukuze ulinganise ukuziphatha kweqembu kanye nokuphepha kwengqondo, unikeze abaholi idatha yangempela mayelana nesimo semizwa.
5. Ukuqondanisa umbono nenhloso
Abaholi abanombono baveza ikusasa elinamandla elinika amandla amaqembu futhi linikeze incazelo ngale komsebenzi wokuthengiselana. Ubuholi obuqhutshwa yinhloso buxhumanisa iminikelo yomuntu ngamunye nemisebenzi emikhulu yenhlangano, okwandisa ukuzibandakanya nokuzibophezela.
Ucwaningo oluvela kuGallup lubonisa ukuthi abasebenzi abaqonda ukuthi umsebenzi wabo unegalelo kanjani enhlosweni yenhlangano babonisa ukusebenza okuphezulu ngo-27% kanye nokwehla okukhulu kokushintshana kwemisebenzi. Abaholi abaxhumanisa imisebenzi yansuku zonke njalo nemiphumela enenjongo bakha lokhu kuhambisana.
Indlela yokuyithuthukisa: Lungiselela imihlangano yokufundisa ngombono lapho abaholi bethuthukisa futhi beveza khona inhloso yeqembu labo. Zijwayeze izivivinyo "zesiyingi segolide" ezisuka kulokho okwenziwa amaqembu, kuya endleleni akwenza ngayo, kuya ekutheni kungani kubalulekile. Sebenzisa izinhlolovo ezibukhoma ukuhlola ukuthi izitatimende zombono ziyahambisana yini nabathintekayo abahlukene.
6. Ukunikeza amandla kanye nokunikeza amandla
Ukunikeza abanye imisebenzi ngempumelelo akukhona ukuyeka umthwalo wemfanelo kodwa ukusabalalisa umsebenzi ngendlela ehlelekile ukuthuthukisa amakhono eqembu ngenkathi kutholwa imiphumela. Abaholi abanikeza abanye imisebenzi kahle bakha imiphumela eminingi, bakha amandla okuhlela adlula kakhulu umnikelo wabo ngamunye.
Ucwaningo mayelana nokusebenza kahle kobuholi lubonisa ukuthi ukungakwazi ukwabela abanye imisebenzi kungenye yezinto eziyinhloko ezibangela ukuphazamiseka kwabaphathi abathembisayo. Abaholi abazama ukulawula yonke into bakha izithiyo, banciphise intuthuko yeqembu, futhi ekugcineni bakhathale.
Indlela yokuyithuthukisa: Fundisa izinhlaka zokwabela ezihlelekile ezihambisana nemisebenzi nezidingo zokuthuthukiswa kwamalungu eqembu. Zijwayeze izingxoxo zokwabela ngokusebenzisa ukudlala indima ngempendulo yokuqeqesha ngesikhathi sangempela. Dala izivumelwano zokuziphendulela ezicacisa okulindelekile ngenkathi zinikeza ukuzimela.
Sebenzisa izimo ezisebenzisanayo lapho abahlanganyeli benquma khona ukuthi yini abazoyinika abanye, ubani, nokuthi bazosekela bani.
7. Umqondo wokuqeqesha nokuthuthukisa
Abaholi abaqeqeshayo bandisa ngempumelelo umthelela wabo ngokuthuthukisa amakhono abo bonke ababazungezile. Le ndlela yokucabanga ngokukhula ibheka izinselele njengamathuba entuthuko kanye namaphutha njengezikhathi zokufunda kunokwehluleka.
Ucwaningo lukaCarol Dweck mayelana nokukhula kwengqondo kukhombisa ukuthi abaholi abakholelwa ukuthi amakhono angathuthukiswa bakha amaqembu asebenza kahle kakhulu anokusungula izinto ezintsha kanye nokuqina okukhulu. Umqondo wokuqeqesha ushintsha ukugxila kobuholi kusuka ekubeni nazo zonke izimpendulo kuya ekubuzeni imibuzo ethuthukisa ukucabanga kwabanye.
Indlela yokuyithuthukisa: Qeqesha abaholi kumamodeli engxoxo yokuqeqesha njenge-GROW (Imigomo, Iqiniso, Izinketho, Intando). Zijwayeze ukubuza imibuzo enamandla esikhundleni sokunikeza izixazululo ezisheshayo. Dala amaqembu amathathu okuqeqesha ontanga lapho abaholi bezijwayeza khona futhi bathole impendulo ngamakhono okuqeqesha.
8. Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo nokuqina
Abaholi abavumelana nezimo babhekana nokungaqiniseki nokushintsha ngempumelelo, kusiza amaqembu abo ukuthi ahlale ekhiqiza naphezu kokuphazamiseka. Ukuqina kuvumela abaholi ukuthi balulame ezinkingeni, balondoloze umbono omuhle phakathi nobunzima, futhi babonise amandla angokomzwelo asekela ukuzibophezela kweqembu.
Ucwaningo ngobuholi ngokusebenzisa ukuphazamiseka lubonisa ukuthi abaholi abavumelana nezimo bagxila kulokho abangakulawula, bakhulumisane ngokusobala mayelana nokungaqiniseki, futhi balondoloze ubumbano lweqembu ngezikhathi zesiyaluyalu. Leli khono liye laba yinto ebaluleke kakhulu ezindaweni zebhizinisi eziguquguqukayo.
Indlela yokuyithuthukisa: Lungiselela izivivinyo zokuhlela izimo ezilungiselela abaholi ikusasa eliningi elingaba khona. Zijwayeze ukushintsha izivivinyo ezithola ithuba enseleleni. Yabelana ngocwaningo lokuqina kanye namasu okugcina inhlalakahle ngaphansi kwengcindezi.
9. Ukubambisana nokwakha ubudlelwano
Abaholi ababambisene basebenza ngempumelelo ngaphesheya kwemingcele, bakha amanethiwekhi kanye nokubambisana okufeza imigomo okungekho muntu noma iqembu elingayifinyelela lilodwa. Lokhu kufaneleka kuhilela ukwazisa imibono ehlukahlukene, ukuzulazula kwezombusazwe zenhlangano ngendlela eyakhayo, nokudala imiphumela ezuzisa wonke umuntu.
Ucwaningo oluvela eSikhungweni Sobuholi Bokudala mayelana nobuholi obuhlanganisa imingcele lubonisa ukuthi abaholi abaphumelela kakhulu baxhumanisa abantu nemibono ngenkuthalo ngokusebenzisa izindlela ezivamile zodwa, bedala ukusungula izinto ezintsha ngokusebenzisa inhlanganisela engalindelekile.
Indlela yokuyithuthukisa: Dala amaqembu okufunda ahlanganisa imisebenzi ehlukahlukene axazulula izinselele zangempela zenhlangano ndawonye. Lungiselela ukuzijwayeza amakhono okuxhumana ngezinqubo zokwakha ubudlelwano ezihlelekile. Fundisa ukumaka abathintekayo futhi uthonye ukuthuthukiswa kwamasu.
10. Ukuziphendulela ngesibindi
Isibindi ebuholini sisho ukuba nezingxoxo ezinzima, ukwenza izinqumo ezingathandeki kodwa ezidingekayo, kanye nokwenza abantu baziphendulele ngezibopho naphezu kokungakhululeki. Lokhu kufaneleka kwakha ukwethembana ngokuhambisana nobuqotho.
Ucwaningo ngokuphepha kwengqondo lubonisa ukuthi amaqembu aphephile kakhulu ngokwengqondo nawo agcina amazinga aphezulu okuphendula. Ukuhlanganiswa kokusekelwa kanye nenselele kudala izindawo lapho ukwenza kahle kuba yinto evamile.
Indlela yokuyithuthukisa: Prakthiza izingxoxo ezihlelekile zokuziphendulela usebenzisa izinhlaka ezifana ne-SBI (Isimo-Ukuziphatha-Umthelela). Lingisa izimo ezinzima ngokuqeqeshwa ngesikhathi sangempela. Lungisa izingxoxo mayelana nomehluko phakathi kokuziphendulela nokusola.
11. Ubuholi obuhlanganisa bonke abantu
Abaholi ababandakanya bonke bakha izindawo lapho wonke umuntu angafaka khona isandla ngokugcwele, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungubani, ungubani, noma isitayela sokusebenza. Leli khono liyaqaphela ukuthi ukwehlukahlukana kudala inzuzo yokuncintisana kuphela uma ukufakwa kuvumela imibono eyahlukahlukene ukuthi iveze futhi ithonye izinqumo.
Ucwaningo oluvela kuMcKinsey lubonisa ukuthi izinhlangano ezinamaqembu obuholi ahlukahlukene ziphumelela kakhulu kunamaqembu afanayo, kodwa kuphela uma amasiko abandakanya wonke umuntu evumela amazwi ahlukahlukene ukuthi athinte isu kanye nokusebenza.
Indlela yokuyithuthukisa: Lungiselela ukuqeqeshwa kokuqwashisa ngokukhetha okungazi lutho okudlulela ngale kokuqwashisa kuya ekushintsheni kokuziphatha. Zijwayeze amasu okusiza imihlangano abandakanya wonke umuntu. Fundisa amasu okukhulisa amazwi angamelwe kahle.
12. Ukuqondiswa kokufunda okuqhubekayo
Abaholi abafundayo nabasheshayo bafuna impendulo, bazindle ngolwazi, futhi baqhubeke nokuthuthukisa izindlela zabo ngokusekelwe kulokho abakutholayo. Leli khono lihlukanisa abaholi abathuthukayo kulabo abaqhubeka nokukhula kuyo yonke imisebenzi yabo.
Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ukufunda kalula, okuchazwa njengokwazi ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma ungazi ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze, kubikezela impumelelo yobuholi kangcono kunobuhlakani noma ubuchwepheshe besizinda kuphela.
Indlela yokuyithuthukisa: Dala amaphrojekthi okufunda ngesenzo adinga abaholi ukuba baphume ezindaweni zobungcweti. Lungiselela ukubuyekezwa kwangemva kwesenzo okukhipha izifundo kokubili empumelelweni nasekuhlulekeni. Khombisa ubuthakathaka mayelana nemikhawulo yakho yokufunda.
Ukuthuthukisa amakhono obuholi ngokuqeqeshwa okusebenzisanayo
Ukuthuthukiswa kobuholi obusekelwe enkulumweni yendabuko kudala ulwazi kodwa akuvamile ukushintsha ukuziphatha. Ucwaningo ngokufunda kwabantu abadala lubonisa ukuthi abantu bagcina cishe u-10% walokho abakuzwayo, u-50% walokho abakuxoxayo, kanye no-90% walokho abakusebenzisa ngenkuthalo.
Izindlela zokuqeqesha ezisebenzisanayo ezihilela abahlanganyeli ngokushesha ekuzijwayezeni ukuziphatha kobuholi zisheshisa intuthuko kakhulu. Uma uhlanganisa okuqukethwe okufakwayo nokusetshenziswa kwesikhathi sangempela kanye nempendulo, ukufunda kunamathela.
Inzuzo yokuzibandakanya ekuthuthukisweni kobuholi
Ukuzibandakanya kwabahlanganyeli akukhona nje ukugcina abantu bephapheme ngesikhathi sokuqeqeshwa. Isayensi yokuqonda ikhombisa ukuthi ubuchopho obuhilelekile buhlanganisa ukufunda ngokujulile, budala izindlela zemizwa ezisekela ushintsho lokuziphatha emsebenzini.
Izinto ezisebenzisanayo ezifana nokuhlola okubukhoma, imibuzo, kanye nezimpendulo zengxoxo kufeza izinhloso eziningana zokufunda ezibalulekile ngasikhathi sinye:
Isicelo esisheshayo: Abahlanganyeli baprakthiza imiqondo njengoba beyifunda, bakhe inkumbulo yemisipha yokuziphatha okusha.
Ukuhlolwa kwesikhathi sangempela: Impendulo esheshayo ngemiphumela yemibuzo noma izimpendulo zenhlolovo ikhombisa abaqeqeshi kanye nabahlanganyeli lapho ukuqonda kuqinile khona nalapho kudingeka khona ukugxila okwengeziwe.
Ukuhlolwa okuphephile: Ukufaka okungaziwa kuvumela ababambiqhaza ukuthi bahlole ukucabanga okusha ngaphandle kokwesaba ukwahlulela, okubalulekile ekuzameni izindlela zobuholi ezingajwayelekile.
Ukufunda kontanga: Ukubona indlela ozakwethu abasabela ngayo ezimweni noma emibuzweni kudala ukufunda okucebile okuvela emibonweni eyahlukene.
Ukuqinisa ukugcinwa: Ukuhlanganyela ngenkuthalo kudala ukwakheka kwenkumbulo okunamandla kunokulalela ngaphandle kokwenza lutho.
Izicelo ezisebenzayo ngokwendawo yamakhono
Ukuthuthukiswa kokuzazi: Sebenzisa ukuhlolwa kokushaya kwenhliziyo okungaziwa kuzo zonke izingqungquthela ucele abahlanganyeli ukuthi balinganise ukuzethemba kwabo ngamakhono ahlukene obuholi. Ukungaziwa kukhuthaza ukwethembeka, kuyilapho imiphumela ehlanganisiwe ikhombisa wonke umuntu lapho iqembu linezidingo zokuthuthukiswa okuhlangene khona. Landela ngemikhuba eqondiwe kulezo zindawo ezithile.
Ngamakhono okuxhumana: Sebenzisa izikhathi ze-Q&A ezibukhoma lapho abahlanganyeli bezijwayeza ukuphendula imibuzo engalindelekile. Sebenzisa amafu wamagama ukuze uthwebule ukuthi yimiphi imiyalezo efika ezithamelini ngesikhathi sangempela. Dala amathuba okwethula ngempendulo engaziwa ngokushesha mayelana nokucaca, ukuzibandakanya, kanye nokukholisa.
Ukuze kwenziwe izinqumo: Veza izimo eziyinkimbinkimbi bese usebenzisa ukuvota bukhoma ukuqoqa izimpendulo zokuqala, bese wenza kube lula ukuxoxa ngezindlela ezahlukene bese uphinda ukuvota ukuze ubonise ukuthi imibono ishintsha kanjani ngengxoxo. Lokhu kubonisa ukubaluleka kokufaka okuhlukahlukene ekucabangeni okunesu.
Ngamakhono okuqeqesha: Ukwakha izivivinyo zokulingisa lapho ababukeli basebenzisa khona izikali zokulinganisa ukunikeza impendulo ethile ngekhwalithi yengxoxo yokuqeqesha. Ukufakwa kwesikhathi sangempela kusiza abahlanganyeli ukulinganisa indlela yabo yokusebenza ngenkathi besesemodi yokuzijwayeza.
Ngobuholi beqembu: Dala izinselele zeqembu ezidinga ukubambisana ukuze zixazululwe, usebenzisa amasondo e-spinner ukuze wabe izindima nezithiyo ngokungahleliwe. Xoxa usebenzisa izinhlolovo mayelana nokuthi yini eyasiza noma yaphazamisa ukubambisana, ukhiphe izifundo ezisebenza kumandla eqembu langempela.
Ukulinganisa ukusebenza kahle kokuthuthukiswa kobuholi
Ukulinganisa ukuqeqeshwa okuphumelelayo kudlula izinhlolovo zokwaneliseka ukuze kuhlolwe ushintsho lokuziphatha kanye nomthelela wokusebenza. Amathuluzi asebenzisanayo avumela amazinga amaningana okuhlola:
Ukuthola ulwazi: Imibuzo ekupheleni kwemodyuli ngayinye iveza ukuthi abahlanganyeli bayayiqonda yini imiqondo eyinhloko. Ukuqhathanisa imiphumela yangaphambi kokuhlolwa kanye nemiphumela yangemva kokuhlolwa kulinganisa izinzuzo zokufunda.
Ukuzethemba kohlelo lokusebenza: Ukuhlolwa kwenhliziyo okuvamile okucela abahlanganyeli ukuthi balinganise ukuzethemba kwabo besebenzisa amakhono athile okulandelela intuthuko kulo lonke uhlelo.
Umkhuba wokuziphatha: Izikali zokubuka ngesikhathi sokudlala indima kanye nokulingisa zinikeza idatha eqondile ngokuboniswa kwamakhono, okudala isisekelo sokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo.
Impendulo yontanga: Imibono engaziwa evela kozakwethu mayelana nokusebenza kahle kobuholi ngaphambi nangemva kwezinhlelo zokuthuthukisa ilinganisa ushintsho lokuziphatha olubonwayo.
Amamethrikhi okusebenza: Xhumanisa ukuthuthukiswa kobuholi nemiphumela yokusebenza efana namaphuzu okuzibandakanya kweqembu, amazinga okugcinwa, kanye nezilinganiso zokukhiqiza ukuze kuboniswe umthelela webhizinisi.
Isihluthulelo ukwakha ukuhlolwa kokuhlangenwe nakho kokufunda ngokwako kunokukuphatha njengomsebenzi ohlukile. Lapho abahlanganyeli bebona intuthuko yabo ngokulinganisa okuphindaphindiwe, kuqinisa ukuzibophezela ekuthuthukisweni okuqhubekayo.
Ukudala izindawo zokufunda eziphephile ngokwengqondo
Ukuthuthukiswa kobuholi kudinga ubuthakathaka. Abahlanganyeli kumele bavume ukulinganiselwa kwamanje, bazame ukuziphatha okungajwayelekile, futhi babeke engcupheni yokwehluleka phambi kozakwabo. Ngaphandle kokuphepha kwengqondo, abantu bakhetha izindlela eziphephile nezijwayelekile kunokuthuthukisa amakhono amasha ngempela.
Ucwaningo oluvela kuprofesa we-Harvard Business School u-Amy Edmondson lubonisa ukuthi ukuphepha kwengqondo, inkolelo yokuthi ngeke ujeziswe noma uhlazeke ngokukhuluma ngemibono, imibuzo, ukukhathazeka, noma amaphutha, kudala isisekelo sokufunda nokusungula izinto ezintsha.
Amathuluzi okuqeqesha asebenzisanayo anegalelo ekuphepheni kwengqondo ngezindlela eziningana:
Okufakiwe okungaziwa: Uma abahlanganyeli bengabelana ngokwethembeka ngaphandle kokunikeza abanye, baveza imibuzo yangempela kanye nokukhathazeka okuhlala kufihliwe. Ukuhlola okungaziwa mayelana nezinselele zobuholi kusiza wonke umuntu ukuthi aqaphele ukuthi ababodwa ababhekene namakhono athile.
Ubuthakathaka obujwayelekile: Ukuboniswa esidlangalaleni kwezimpendulo ezingaziwa kukhombisa ububanzi obugcwele bemibono kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho ekamelweni. Lapho ababambiqhaza bebona ukuthi ozakwabo abaningi babelana ngokungaqiniseki kwabo, ubuthakathaka buba yinto evamile kunokuba bube ubuthakathaka.
Umkhuba ohleliwe: Sula izinhlaka zokuzijwayeza amakhono anzima, njengokunikeza impendulo eyakhayo noma ukuba nezingxoxo zokuziphendulela, nciphisa ukukhathazeka ngokuthi "kungalungile." Izimo ezisebenzisanayo ezinezinhloso zokufunda ezichaziwe zakha indawo ephephile yokuhlola.
Ukulungiswa kwenkambo ngokushesha: Impendulo yesikhathi sangempela ngokusebenzisa izinhlolovo noma imibuzo ivumela abaqeqeshi ukuthi baxazulule ukudideka noma ukungaqondi kahle ngokushesha, okuvimbela abahlanganyeli ekuqiniseni ukuqonda okungalungile.
Ukudala intuthuko yobuholi ephephile ngokwengqondo akuyona nje into enhle ukuyenza; kubalulekile ekushintsheni kokuziphatha okudala umthelela enhlanganweni.
Izinselele ezivamile zokuthuthukiswa kobuholi
Ngisho noma kunokuqukethwe okunamandla kanye nokulethwa okuhehayo, izinhlelo zokuthuthukisa ubuholi zibhekene nezithiyo ezingalindeleka. Ukuqonda lezi zinselele kusiza abaqeqeshi ukuthi bakhe izindlela zokungenelela ezisebenza kahle kakhulu:
Igebe lokwazi ukwenza izinto
Abahlanganyeli bashiya ama-workshop benamandla futhi behlonyiswe ngezinhlaka ezintsha, bese belwela ukuzisebenzisa phakathi nokuphuthuma kokusebenza kwansuku zonke. Ucwaningo luphakamisa ukuthi ngaphandle kokusekelwa kwezicelo okuhlelekile, cishe u-90% wokufunda kobuholi awusho ushintsho lokuziphatha oluqhubekayo.
Isixazululo: Yakha ukuhlela uhlelo lokusebenza ngqo ekuqeqeshweni. Sebenzisa izikhathi zokugcina ukuhlonza izimo ezithile lapho abahlanganyeli bezozijwayeza khona amakhono amasha, izithiyo ezingaba khona, kanye nabalingani bokuzibophezela. Landela ngokuhlola okufushane okukhuthaza abahlanganyeli ngezibopho futhi uqoqe idatha ngalokho okusebenzayo.
Izinselele zesimo sezulu sokudlulisa
Abaholi bangase bathuthukise amakhono amahle kakhulu ekuqeqeshweni kodwa babhekane namasiko enhlangano angasekeli izindlela ezintsha. Lapho abaholi bebuyela ezindaweni ezivuza ukuziphatha okudala noma ezijezisa okusha, imizamo yokushintsha iyawa ngokushesha.
Isixazululo: Bandakanya abaphathi babahlanganyeli enqubweni yokuthuthukisa. Batshele ngokuqukethwe kohlelo kanye nezinguquko zokuziphatha ezilindelekile. Nikeza iziqondiso zengxoxo kubaphathi ukuze basekele ukusetshenziswa. Cabanga ngentuthuko esekelwe eqenjini lapho abaholi abaningi abavela enhlanganweni efanayo befunda khona ndawonye, bedala ukusekelana kwezindlela ezintsha.
Ukuzethemba ngaphandle kobungcweti
Ukuqeqeshwa okusebenzisanayo kukhulisa ukuzethemba kwabahlanganyeli ngempumelelo, kodwa ukuzethemba kukodwa akuqinisekisi ikhono. Abaholi bangase bazizwe bekulungele ukusebenzisa amakhono amasha ngaphandle kokuthuthukisa ikhono elanele.
Isixazululo: Linganisa ukwakha ukuzethemba nokuhlola okungokoqobo. Sebenzisa imiboniso yamakhono enamarubriki acacile ukuze abahlanganyeli babe nempendulo enembile ngamazinga amakhono amanje. Dala izindlela zokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo ezakha amakhono kancane kancane kunokulindela ubuciko ngemva kokuvezwa kanye.
Ubunzima bokulinganisa
Ukubonisa inzuzo ekuthuthukisweni kobuholi kusalokhu kuyinselele ngoba imiphumela, ukusebenza kweqembu okuthuthukisiwe, ukuzibandakanya okuphezulu, kanye nesiko eliqinile lenhlangano kudlala isikhathi eside futhi kunezimo eziningi ezithonya imiphumela.
Isixazululo: Misa izindlela zokulinganisa eziyisisekelo ngaphambi kwezinhlelo zokuthuthukisa bese uzilandelela njalo ngemva kwalokho. Sebenzisa izinkomba ezihamba phambili njengemiphumela yempendulo engama-degree angu-360, ukuhlolwa kokushaya kwenhliziyo kokubandakanyeka kwethimba, kanye nezilinganiso zokugcina ngaphezu kwezinkomba ezisalele emuva njengokukhiqiza kanye nemali engenayo. Xhumanisa ukuthuthukiswa kobuholi nemigomo ethile yebhizinisi ukuze ukulinganisa umthelela kugxile emiphumeleni ebalulekile kubabambiqhaza.
Ikusasa lokuthuthukiswa kobuholi
Izidingo zobuholi ziyaqhubeka nokuguquka njengoba izindawo zomsebenzi ziba nzima, zisakazeka, futhi ziqondiswa ubuchwepheshe. Kunezindlela eziningana ezithinta indlela izinhlangano ezicabanga phambili ezibhekana ngayo nokuthuthukiswa kobuholi:
Amakhono obuholi obuhlanganisiwe
Abaholi kumele bahlanganyele kokubili amalungu eqembu ubuso nobuso kanye namalungu eqembu eliku-inthanethi ngempumelelo, badale ubumbano kanye namasiko ngaphesheya kwebanga elibonakalayo. Lokhu kudinga ukwazi amathuluzi okuxhumana ngedijithali, amasu okusiza emihlanganweni exubile, kanye namasu okwakha ubudlelwano ngaphandle kokuxhumana ubuso nobuso.
Amapulatifomu okuqeqesha asebenzisanayo avumela abahlanganyeli ukuthi bazijwayeze amakhono okusiza abantu abaxubile ngokuxuba ukuxhumana ubuso nobuso ngisho nangesikhathi semihlangano yokuthuthukisa. Lokhu kufunda okuhlangenwe nakho kulungiselela kangcono abaholi izimo zangempela ezixubile kunengxoxo yodwa.
Ukufunda okuncane okuqhubekayo
Uhlelo lobuholi lwaminyaka yonke olujwayelekile lunikeza ithuba lokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo ngamathuba okufunda amancane ahlanganiswe nomsebenzi. Abaholi balindele kakhulu ukuthi izinsiza zokuthuthukisa zitholakale lapho futhi kuphi lapho bezidinga khona kunokuba zihlelwe kusenesikhathi izinyanga.
Lolu shintsho luthanda okuqukethwe okusebenzisanayo, okusetshenziswa ngendlela efanayo abaholi abangakufinyelela ngokuzimela futhi bakusebenzise ngokushesha. Izikhathi ezimfushane zokwakha amakhono ezinamathuba okuzijwayeza afakiwe zihambisana nezikhathi ezimatasa ngenkathi kugcinwa umfutho wentuthuko.
Ukuthuthukiswa kobuholi bentando yeningi
Izinhlangano ziya ngokuya ziqaphela ukuthi amakhono obuholi abalulekile kuzo zonke izigaba zenhlangano, hhayi nje kuphela ezikhundleni eziphezulu. Abasebenzi abaphambili abahola amaphrojekthi, abantu abanethonya abangakahleleki abakha isiko, kanye nabanikeli ngabanye abaqeqesha ozakwabo bonke bayazuza emakhonweni obuholi.
Lokhu kulawulwa kwentando yeningi kudinga izindlela zokuthuthukisa ezingakhula ezingafinyelela izithameli eziningi ngaphandle kwezindleko ezinkulu. Amathuluzi okuqeqesha asebenzisanayo avumela okuhlangenwe nakho kwentuthuko esezingeni eliphezulu kwamaqembu amakhulu ngesikhathi esisodwa, okwenza ukufinyelela kuwo wonke umuntu kube nokwenzeka.
Ukwenza kube ngokwakho okuqhutshwa idatha
Izinhlelo zobuholi ezijwayelekile ziya ngokuya zinikeza indlela yezindlela zokuthuthukiswa ezenzelwe umuntu ngamunye ngokusekelwe emandleni omuntu ngamunye, ubuthakathaka, kanye nemigomo yokuthuthukiswa. Idatha yokuhlola, ukuhlaziywa kokufunda, kanye nezincomo ezisebenzisa i-AI kusiza abafundi ukugxila ezindaweni zabo zokuthuthukiswa ezibaluleke kakhulu.
Amapulatifomu asebenzisanayo alandelela izimpendulo zabahlanganyeli, inqubekela phambili, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza adala ukusakazwa kwedatha okucebile ukuze kwenziwe kube ngokwakho. Abaqeqeshi bangabona ngqo lapho abantu ngabanye kanye namaqembu bedinga khona ukwesekwa okwengeziwe futhi bavumelanise okuqukethwe ngokufanele.
Isiphetho: Amakhono obuholi njengekhono lokuhlela
Ukuthuthukisa amakhono obuholi akuyona nje intuthuko yomuntu ngamunye; ukwakha ikhono lokuhlela elihlangana ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Uma usiza umholi oyedwa ukuthuthukisa amakhono akhe okuqeqesha, uthuthukisa amalungu amaningi eqembu ngempumelelo. Uma uqinisa ukucabanga ngamasu kuwo wonke abaphathi abaphakathi, yonke iminyango ivumelana kangcono nesiqondiso senhlangano.
Ukuthuthukiswa kobuholi okuphumelelayo kakhulu kuthatha indlela ehlelekile: izinhlaka zamakhono ezicacile, okuhlangenwe nakho kokufunda okubandakanya ulwazi nomkhuba, ukuphepha kwengqondo okuvumela ukukhula kwangempela, kanye nezinhlelo zokulinganisa ezibonisa umthelela.
Amathuluzi okuqeqesha asebenzisanayo awathathi indawo yokuqukethwe okuqinile kanye nokusiza okunekhono, kodwa akhulisa kakhulu kokubili. Lapho ababambiqhaza behlanganyela ngenkuthalo nemiqondo, bezijwayeza ukuziphatha okusha ezindaweni eziphephile, futhi bethola impendulo ngokushesha ngokusetshenziswa kwabo, ukufunda kuyanamathela. Umphumela awugcini nje ngokuba abahlanganyeli bemihlangano abanelisekile kodwa abaholi abaphumelela kakhulu abaguqula amaqembu abo nezinhlangano zabo.
Njengoba uklama uhlelo lwakho olulandelayo lokuthuthukisa ubuholi, cabanga ngendlela ozodala ngayo hhayi nje ukudluliselwa kolwazi kodwa noshintsho lokuziphatha. Abahlanganyeli bazozijwayeza kanjani amakhono amasha? Bazokwazi kanjani ukuthi basebenzisa imiqondo ngendlela efanele? Uzolinganisa kanjani ukuthi intuthuko ihumusha yini ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza?
Izimpendulo zale mibuzo zinquma ukuthi ukuqeqeshwa kwakho kobuholi kudala yini intshiseko yesikhashana noma umthelela ohlala njalo. Khetha ukuzibandakanya, khetha ukusebenzisana, bese ukhetha isilinganiso. Abaholi obakhayo kanye nezinhlangano abazikhonzayo bazobonisa umehluko.
Imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa
Yimaphi amakhono obuholi abaluleke kakhulu?
Ucwaningo luhlala lukhomba amakhono amaningana obuholi abalulekile njengabaluleke kakhulu: ukuzazi, ukuxhumana okuphumelelayo, ukuhlakanipha ngokomzwelo, ukucabanga ngamasu, kanye nekhono lokuthuthukisa abanye. Kodwa-ke, amakhono athile abaluleke kakhulu ancike kumongo. Abaholi abasafufusa bazuza kakhulu ekuzazini nasekuthuthukisweni kokuxhumana, kuyilapho abaholi abaphezulu bedinga ukucabanga okuqinile ngamasu kanye nokushintsha amakhono obuholi. Ucwaningo olubanzi lwe-Center for Creative Leadership lugcizelela ukuthi abaholi abahle kakhulu baphumelela kakhulu kumakhono amaningi kunokuthembela emandleni amakhulu.
Ingabe amakhono obuholi angafundwa, noma abaholi bayazalwa?
Ukuvumelana kwesayensi kusobala: amakhono obuholi athuthuka ngokuzijwayeza kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho okuhlosiwe, yize abanye abantu beqala ngezinzuzo zemvelo. Ucwaningo oluvela kuGallup lubonisa ukuthi cishe abantu abayi-10% babonisa ithalente lobuholi lemvelo, kanti abanye abangama-20% banamandla amakhulu okuvulwa yintuthuko ehlosiwe. Ngokujulile, ukuqeqeshwa kobuholi okuphumelelayo, ukuqeqesha, kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho emsebenzini kwakha amakhono aqhuba ukusebenza kahle kobuholi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi baqala kuphi. Izinhlangano ezitshala imali ezinhlelweni zokuthuthukiswa kobuholi ezihlelekile zibona intuthuko elinganisekayo ekusebenzeni kahle kobuholi kanye nokusebenza kweqembu.
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthuthukisa amakhono obuholi?
Ukuthuthukiswa kobuholi kuyindlela eqhubekayo kunokuba kube yindawo okuyo. Ikhono eliyisisekelo lamakhono athile njengokulalela ngenkuthalo noma ukudlulisela abanye lingakhula phakathi namasonto okuzijwayeza okugxile kanye nokuphendula. Kodwa-ke, ukwazi amakhono obuholi ayinkimbinkimbi njengokucabanga okunesu noma ukushintsha ubuholi ngokuvamile kudinga iminyaka yokuhlangenwe nakho okuhlukahlukene kanye nokufunda okuqhubekayo. Ucwaningo ngokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe lubonisa ukuthi amahora ayi-10,000 okuzijwayeza ngamabomu adala ukusebenza kwezinga lobuchwepheshe, yize ikhono lokusebenza likhula ngokushesha okukhulu. Isihluthulelo ukuphatha ukuthuthukiswa kobuholi njengokuqhubekayo kunokuba kube okwezikhathi ezithile, ukwakha amakhono kancane kancane kulo lonke umsebenzi wakho.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kobuholi nokuphatha?
Ukuphatha kugxile ekuhleleni, ekuhleleni, nasekuhlanganiseni izinsiza ukuze kufezwe imigomo yokusebenza kahle. Ubuholi bugxile ekubekeni isiqondiso, ukuvumelanisa abantu nombono, kanye nokuzibophezela okuphefumulelwe emigomweni efanayo. Kokubili kubalulekile empumelelweni yenhlangano. Abaphathi abanamandla abangenawo amakhono obuholi bangase bathole imiphumela yesikhashana kodwa balwele ukubandakanya amaqembu noma bashintshe indlela abashintsha ngayo izinto. Abaholi bemvelo abangenawo amakhono okuphatha bangase bakhuthaze abantu ukuba bafinyelele embonweni kodwa bahluleke ukwenza kahle. Abaholi benhlangano abaphumelela kakhulu bahlanganisa amakhono womabili, bazi ukuthi kufanele baphathe nini izinqubo nokuthi kufanele bahole nini abantu.
Abaqeqeshi bangakuhlola kanjani ukuthuthukiswa kwamakhono obuholi ngempumelelo?
Ukuhlola okuphumelelayo kuhlanganisa imithombo eminingi yedatha emazingeni amaningana. Ukuhlolwa kolwazi kuqinisekisa ukuthi abahlanganyeli bayaqonda imiqondo yobuholi eyinhloko. Ukuboniswa kwamakhono ngesikhathi sokudlala indima kanye nokulingisa kubonisa ukuthi bangayisebenzisa yini imiqondo ezimweni ezingokoqobo. Impendulo engama-degree angu-360 evela kubaphathi, ontanga, kanye nemibiko eqondile ilinganisa ukusebenza kahle kobuholi okubonwayo ngaphambi nangemva kwezinhlelo zokuthuthukisa. Okokugcina, izilinganiso zebhizinisi ezifana namaphuzu okubandakanyeka kweqembu, amazinga okugcina, kanye nemiphumela yokusebenza kubonisa ukuthi amakhono obuholi athuthukisiwe ahumusha yini emthonjeni wenhlangano. Izindlela zokuhlola eziqine kakhulu zilandelela zonke lezi zilinganiso ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kunokuthembela kunoma yisiphi isilinganiso esisodwa.
