I-Likert Scale, ethuthukiswe ngu-Rensis Likert, ingenye yezinhlobonhlobo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zesikali sokulinganisa esifingqiwe ocwaningweni lwezemfundo nesayensi yezenhlalo.
Ukubaluleka kwe- I-Likert Scale Ocwaningweni ayinakuphikwa, ikakhulukazi uma kuziwa ekulinganiseni isimo sengqondo, umbono, ukuziphatha, kanye nezinto ezithandwayo.
Kulesi sihloko, sizongena sijule encazelweni ye-Likert Scale ocwaningweni, kanye nokuthi singayisebenzisa nini futhi kanjani kangcono ocwaningweni, noma ngabe wucwaningo lwekhwalithi noma lobuningi.
Uhlolojikelele
| Ubani owasungula i-Likert Scale? | Rensis Likert |
| I-Likert Scale yaqala nini? | 1932 |
| Iyini i-Likert Scale ejwayelekile ocwaningweni? | I-5- noma i-7-point ordinal scale |
Okuqukethwe:
Iyini i-Likert Scale Ocwaningweni?
I-Likert Scale iqanjwe ngomdali wayo, u-Rensis Likert, owayisungula ngo-1932. Ocwaningweni lwenhlolovo, iwuhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwesikali sokulinganisa, esisetshenziselwa ukukala izimo zengqondo, izindinganiso, kanye nemibono, esimweni sangempela noma esicatshangelwayo ngaphansi kwe funda.
Isimiso esiyisisekelo sendlela yokulinganisa isikali se-Likert ukuthi amaphuzu atholwe yisikali se-Likert angamaphuzu ayinhlanganisela (afingqiwe) asuka ezimpendulweni zomuntu ngamunye kuya ezintweni eziningi esikalini. Isibonelo, ababambiqhaza bayacelwa ukuthi babonise izinga labo lesivumelwano (kusukela ekuphikisaneni ngokuqinile ukuze bavumelane ngokuqinile) nesitatimende esinikeziwe (izinto) esikalini semethrikhi.
I-Likert Scale vs. Into ye-Likert
Kujwayelekile ukubona abantu bedideka phakathi kwamatemu okuthi isikali sika-Likert kanye nento ye-Likert. Isikali ngasinye se-Likert siqukethe izinto ezimbalwa ze-Likert.
- Into ye-Likert isitatimende somuntu ngamunye noma umbuzo ummangalelwa acelwa ukuba awuhlole ocwaningweni.
- Izinto ze-Likert zivame ukunikeza ababambiqhaza ukukhetha phakathi kwezinketho ezisezingeni ezinhlanu neziyisikhombisa, okuphakathi nendawo kungathathi hlangothi, isb.
Amathiphu Ocwaningo Oluphumelelayo
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Thola noma yiziphi izibonelo ezingenhla njengezifanekiso. Bhalisela mahhala futhi udale inhlolovo ku-inthanethi ngomtapo wezifanekiso ze-AhaSlides!
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Yiziphi Izinhlobo Zesikali Se-Likert Ocwaningweni?
Ngokuvamile, imibuzo yohlobo lwe-Likert ingaqukatha isikali se-unipolar noma se-bipolar.
- Izilinganiso ze-Likert ze-Unipolar kala ubukhulu obubodwa. Bakufanelekele kahle ukuhlola izinga abathi abaphenduli bavumele umbono othile noma isimo sengqondo esithile. Isibonelo, amafrikhwensi noma amathuba akalwa ngezikali kusetshenziswa akukaze/njalo, akwenzeki nhlobo/okungenzeka kakhulu, njll.; bonke bangama-unipolar.
- Izilinganiso ze-Bipolar Likert linganisa izakhiwo ezimbili eziphambene, njengokwaneliseka nokungeneliseki. Izinketho zokuphendula zihlelwa ngokuqhubekayo ukusuka kokuphozithivu kuye kokubi, okunenketho emaphakathi nendawo. Bavame ukuqashwa ukuze bahlole ibhalansi phakathi kwemizwa eyakhayo nengalungile esihlokweni esithile. Isibonelo, vuma/ukungavumelani, ukwaneliseka/ukungeneliseki, nokuhle/okubi imiqondo ye-bipolar.
| Isibonelo se-Unipolar Scale | Isibonelo se-Bipolar Scale |
| ○ Ngivuma Ngokuqinile ○ Ngiyavuma ngandlela-thile ○ Ngiyavuma Ngokumaphakathi ○ Angivumi neze | ○ Ngivuma Ngokuqinile ○ Ngiyavuma ngandlela-thile ○ Angivumi noma ngiphikise ○ Angivumi Ngandlela-thile ○ Angivumi neze |
Ngokungeziwe kulezi zinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko, kunezinhlobo ezimbili zezinketho zokuphendula zesikali se-Likert:
- Izilinganiso ze-Likert ezingavamile babe nenani eliyinqaba lezinketho zokuphendula, ezifana no-3, 5, noma 7. Imibuzo yesilinganiso se-Likert Eyinqaba inenketho engathathi hlangothi ezimpendulweni zempendulo.
- Ngisho nezikali ze-Likert babe nenani elilinganayo lezinketho zokuphendula, njengokuthi 4 noma 6. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukuphoqa abaphendulile ukuthi bathathe isikhundla, basekele noma baphikisane nesitatimende.
Yini Ukubaluleka Kwe-Likert Scale Ocwaningweni?
Isikali se-Likert kulula ukusisebenzisa nokusiqonda, futhi sithembekile futhi sivumelekile. Lokhu kukwenza kube ukukhetha okudumile kubacwaningi emikhakheni eyahlukene, okuhlanganisa i-psychology, isayensi yezokuhlalisana kwabantu, imfundo, kanye nokumaketha.
Kungani isikali se-Likert siyisilinganiso esithandwayo ocwaningweni? Nazi ezinye izizathu zokuthi kungani i-Likert Scale isetshenziswa kabanzi:
- Izimo zengqondo zinethonya ekuziphatheni, kodwa azikwazi ukubonwa ngokushesha, kufanele zicatshangwe ngezenzo noma izimemezelo ezihlukahlukene zomuntu. Yingakho imibuzo ye-Likert scale iza ukubhekana nezici ezahlukene zesimo sengqondo.
- Izikali ze-Likert zinikeza ifomethi emisiwe yokuqoqa izimpendulo, iqinisekisa ukuthi bonke abaphendulayo baphendula isethi efanayo yemibuzo ngendlela efanayo. Lokhu kumiswa kuthuthukisa ukuthembeka nokuqhathaniswa kwedatha.
- Izilinganiso ze-Likert zisebenza kahle ekuqoqeni umthamo omkhulu wedatha enanini elikhulu labaphendulile, okubenza bafanelekele ucwaningo lwenhlolovo.
Ungasisebenzisa Kanjani I-Likert Scale Ocwaningweni
Ukusebenza kwe-Likert Scale ocwaningweni kuthonywa izici ezahlukahlukene. Nawa amanye amathiphu angakusiza ukuthi uklame uhlu lwemibuzo nge-Likert Scale:
#1. Izinjongo zohlu lwemibuzo
Noma yiluphi uhlu lwemibuzo lunezinjongo eziqondile ezintathu. Ukuqala ukwakheka kohlu lwemibuzo ngemibuzo ebalulekile ohlose ukuyiphendula kuyadingeka.
#2. Nakekela idizayini yemibuzo
Kubalulekile ukuklama imibuzo ukuze unqobe ukungakwazi komphenduli kanye nokungafuni ukuphendula.
- Ingabe ummangalelwa unolwazi?
- Uma abaphendulayo kungenakwenzeka ukuthi bazi, hlunga imibuzo ekala ukujwayela, ukusetshenziswa komkhiqizo, nolwazi lwangaphambilini kufanele babuzwe ngaphambi kwemibuzo emayelana nezihloko ngokwazo.
- Ingabe ophendulayo uyakhumbula?
- Gwema amaphutha okukhipha, i-telescoping, nokudala.
- Imibuzo enganikezi ummangalelwa izinkomba ingabukela phansi ukwenzeka kwangempela komcimbi.
- Ingabe ummangalelwa angachaza?
- Nciphisa umzamo odingekayo kwabaphendulayo.
- Ingabe umongo okubuzwa kuwo imibuzo ufanelekile?
- Yenza isicelo solwazi sibonakale sisemthethweni.
- Uma ulwazi lubucayi:
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#3. Khetha umbuzo-amagama
Ngemibuzo ebhalwe kahle, sinikeza imihlahlandlela elandelayo:
- chaza udaba
- sebenzisa amagama ajwayelekile
- sebenzisa amagama acacile
- gwema imibuzo ehamba phambili
- gwema ezinye izindlela ezingacacile
- gwema imicabango engacacile
- gwema okujwayelekile kanye nezilinganiso
- sebenzisa izitatimende ezakhayo nezingezinhle.
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#4. Khetha izinketho zokuphendula ze-Likert Scale
Nquma ukuthi uzosebenzisa i-Bipolar noma i-Unipolar, isikali esingajwayelekile noma se-Likert, kuye ngokuthi ufuna ukufaka inketho emaphakathi noma emaphakathi.
Kufanele ubhekisele ekwakhiweni kokulinganisa okutholakalayo kanye nezinto esezivele zakhiwe futhi zaqashelwa abacwaningi bangaphambilini. Ikakhulukazi uma kukhulunywa ngocwaningo lwezemfundo olunamazinga aqinile.
Izitoreji Eziyinhloko
Ulungele ukubeka ubuchwepheshe bakho ekusebenziseni izikali ze-Likert esivivinyweni futhi uqoqe imininingwane ebalulekile yocwaningo lwakho? Thatha isinyathelo esilandelayo bese udala izinhlolovo ezinamandla nge I-AhaSlides.
I-AhaSlides inikezela ngamathuluzi okudala inhlolovo asebenziseka kalula, ukulandelela impendulo yesikhathi sangempela, kanye nezinketho zesikali ze-Likert ezenziwe ngezifiso. Qala ukwenza ucwaningo lwakho ngokugcwele ngokuklama izinhlolovo ezihehayo namuhla!
imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa
Uyihlaziya kanjani idatha yesikali se-Likert ocwaningweni?
Kunezindlela ezimbalwa zezibalo ezingasetshenziswa ekuhlaziyeni idatha yesikali se-Likert. Ukuhlaziya okuvamile kufaka phakathi ukubala izibalo ezichazayo (isb., izindlela, ama-medians), ukwenza izivivinyo ze-inferential (isb, ukuhlolwa kwe-t, i-ANOVA), nokuhlola ubudlelwano (isb, ukuhlobana, ukuhlaziywa kwezinto).
Ingabe izilinganiso ze-Likert zingasetshenziswa ocwaningweni lwekhwalithi?
Noma izikali ze-Likert zivame ukusetshenziselwa ucwaningo lobuningi, zingasetshenziselwa izinjongo zekhwalithi.
Yiluphi uhlobo lokulinganisa isikali se-Likert?
I-Likert Scale wuhlobo lwesikali sokulinganisa esisetshenziselwa ukukala izimo zengqondo noma imibono. Ngalesi sikali, abaphendulayo bacelwa ukuthi balinganisele izinto ezingeni lesivumelwano ngokuqondene nendaba ethile.
Ref: I-Academia | Incwadi: Ucwaningo Lokumaketha: I-Applied Orientation, uNaresh K. Malhotra, p. 323.
