Kudziwa momwe muliri wanzeru ndi funso lalikulu lomwe anthu ambiri amafuna kudziwa. Kudziwa IQ yanu ndiyofanana ndi mawu a Einstein okopa, sichoncho?
Osati mayeso amtundu wanzeru okha omwe amakhutiritsa chidwi cha munthu, komanso amakhala chida chachikulu chodziwira zambiri za inu nokha komanso zolinga zanu zoyenera pantchito.
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Kodi Mayeso amtundu wa Intelligent ndi chiyani?
Mtundu waluntha ndi njira yogawa miyeso kapena magawo osiyanasiyana a luso lachidziwitso ndi kachitidwe ka malingaliro, monga chilankhulo motsutsana ndi luso la malo kapena madzimadzi motsutsana ndi malingaliro owoneka bwino. Palibe mgwirizano wapadziko lonse pa chitsanzo chimodzi. Zina zodziwika bwino ndi izi:
- Chiphunzitso cha Gardner cha Multiple Intelligences - Katswiri wa zamaganizo A Howard Gardner Pali mitundu ingapo yodziyimira payokha yanzeru kuphatikiza zinenero, logical-mathematical, spatial, body-kinesthetic, nyimbo, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalist.
- Crystallized vs Fluid Intelligence - Luntha lopangidwa ndi Crystallized ndi lozikidwa pazidziwitso ndipo limaphatikizapo maluso monga kuwerenga, kulemba, ndi kufotokoza malingaliro. Fluid intelligence imatanthawuza kutha kuganiza ndi kuthetsa mavuto pogwiritsa ntchito njira zatsopano.
- Emotional Intelligence (EI) - EI imatanthawuza kutha kuzindikira, kumvetsetsa, ndikuwongolera malingaliro ndi maubale. Zimaphatikizapo luso monga chifundo, kudzidziwitsa, kulimbikitsana, ndi luso locheza ndi anthu.
- Narrow vs Broad Intelligences -Nzeru zocheperako zimatanthawuza luso lachidziwitso ngati luso la mawu kapena malo. Luntha lalikulu limaphatikizapo nzeru zingapo zopapatiza ndipo nthawi zambiri zimayesedwa ndi mayeso okhazikika a IQ.
- Analytical vs Creative Intelligence - Luntha losanthula limaphatikizapo kulingalira koyenera, kuzindikira machitidwe, ndi kuthetsa mavuto omwe afotokozedwa bwino. Creative intelligence imatanthawuza kubwera ndi malingaliro atsopano, osinthika ndi mayankho.
Aliyense ali ndi kusakaniza kwapadera kwa mitundu iyi yanzeru, yokhala ndi mphamvu ndi zofooka zenizeni. Mayeso amayesa maderawa kuti awone momwe tilili anzeru m'njira zosiyanasiyana.
Mitundu 8 ya Mayeso Anzeru (Zaulere)
Gardner ananena kuti mayeso achikhalidwe a IQ amangoyesa luso la chilankhulo komanso luso, koma osati luntha lonse.
Lingaliro lake lidathandizira kusintha malingaliro anzeru kuchoka pamalingaliro okhazikika a IQ kupita ku tanthauzo lalikulu, losakhazikika lozindikira miyeso ingapo.
Malinga ndi iye, pali mitundu 8 ya luntha, kuphatikiza:
#1. Verbal/Linguistic Intelligence
Linguistic intelligence imatanthawuza luso la munthu logwiritsa ntchito bwino chinenero, polemba ndi poyankhula.
Anthu omwe ali ndi luntha lachilankhulo champhamvu amakhala ndi luso lowerenga, kulemba, kuyankhula komanso kukamba nkhani.
Nthawi zambiri amaganiza m'mawu ndipo amatha kufotokoza malingaliro ovuta komanso osamveka bwino mwakulankhula ndi kulemba.
Ntchito zomwe zimagwirizana ndi nzeru zamalankhulidwe ndi monga olemba, olemba ndakatulo, atolankhani, maloya, okamba nkhani, ndale, ndi aphunzitsi.
#2. Nzeru zanzeru/Masamu
Luntha lanzeru/masamu ndikutha kugwiritsa ntchito malingaliro, manambala, ndi zofotokozera kuti athetse mavuto ndikuzindikira mawonekedwe.
Zimaphatikizapo luso loganiza bwino komanso luso la kulingalira kochepetsetsa komanso kolimbikitsa.
Masamu, logic puzzles, codes, kulingalira kwasayansi ndi kuyesa kumabwera mwachibadwa kwa iwo.
Ntchito zomwe zimafunikira ndikusewera ku luntha limeneli zikuphatikiza asayansi, akatswiri a masamu, mainjiniya, opanga mapulogalamu apakompyuta, ndi akatswiri owerengera.
#3. Visual/Spatial Intelligence
Luntha lowonekera/lokhala ndi malo limatanthawuza luso lotha kuona zinthu m'maganizo ndi kulingalira momwe zinthu zimayenderana molingana ndi malo.
Zimakhudza kukhudzika kwa mtundu, mzere, mawonekedwe, mawonekedwe, malo ndi maubwenzi apakati pa zinthu.
Amatha kuwona molondola komanso m'maganizo zowonetsera za 2D/3D.
Ntchito zogwirizana ndi luntha limeneli ndi zomangamanga, kamangidwe ka mkati, uinjiniya, kafukufuku wasayansi, zaluso, ndi kuyenda.
#4. Musical Intelligence
Luntha lanyimbo limatanthawuza kutha kuzindikira ndikuyika mamvekedwe anyimbo, malankhulidwe, ndi kayimbidwe.
Zimaphatikizapo kukhudzika kwa kamvekedwe, kamvekedwe, timbre ndi kukhudzika kwa nyimbo.
Amakhala ndi nyimbo zabwino, kugunda komanso kugwirizana ngakhale popanda maphunziro apamwamba.
Ntchito zomwe zimagwirizana ndi luntha limeneli ndi monga oimba, oimba, otsogolera, opanga nyimbo, ndi ma DJ.
#5. Bodily/Kinesthetic Intelligence
Anthu omwe ali ndi luntha lotere amatha kugwiritsa ntchito bwino matupi awo, kuchita bwino, luso loyendetsa bwino, komanso kulumikizana ndi maso ndi manja.
Zimaphatikizapo maluso monga kusinthasintha kwa thupi, kusinthasintha, kusinthasintha, kufulumira kusinthasintha komanso luso loyendetsa thupi.
Amene ali ndi luntha limeneli amaphunzira bwino kudzera mu zochitika zakuthupi ndi zochita za manja.
Ntchito zogwirizana ndi luntha limeneli ndi othamanga, ovina, ochita zisudzo, madokotala ochita opaleshoni, mainjiniya, amisiri.
#6. Interpersonal Intelligence
Luntha la anthu limatanthawuza kutha kumvetsetsa ndikuyanjana bwino ndi ena.
Anthu omwe ali ndi luntha losiyana ndi anthu amakhudzidwa ndi mawonekedwe a nkhope, mawu ndi manja a ena kuphatikiza ndi luso losonyeza chifundo.
Ntchito zoyenerera nzeru za anthu ndi monga kuphunzitsa, uphungu, zothandizira anthu, malonda, ndi maudindo a utsogoleri.
#7. Intrapersonal Intelligence
Ngati muli ndi luso lodzimvetsetsa nokha komanso malingaliro anu, malingaliro anu ndi machitidwe anu, muli ndi nzeru zapamwamba zamkati.
Iwo omwe ali ndi luso lokhazikika pakati pa anthu amadziwa mphamvu zawo, zofooka, zikhulupiriro ndi zomwe amaika patsogolo.
Amazindikira zamkati mwawo, momwe amamvera komanso momwe angakhudzire machitidwe awo.
Ntchito zoyenerera zimaphatikizapo chithandizo, kuphunzitsa, atsogoleri achipembedzo, kulemba ndi njira zina zodzipangira okha.
#8. Naturalist Intelligence
Anthu omwe ali ndi nzeru zamtunduwu amatha kuzindikira ndikuyika zinthu zachilengedwe monga zomera, nyama ndi nyengo.
Izi zikuphatikizapo kuzindikira kusiyana kwa zomera ndi zinyama, malo, ndi kusintha kwa nyengo kapena nyengo.
Ngakhale kuti ndizofala mwa anthu omwe amathera nthawi panja, luso lachilengedwe litha kugwiranso ntchito pakuyika magawo am'mlengalenga, mitsempha kapena zochitika zanyengo.
Mayeso Ena amtundu wa Intelligence
Mukudabwa kuti ndi mayeso amtundu wanji omwe ali othandiza kuyesa mphamvu zaubongo wanu? Mayesero ena amtundu wanzeru kupatula a Gardner ndi awa:
• Mayeso a IQ (monga WAIS, Stanford-Binet) - Imayesa luso lazidziwitso ndikupereka luntha la quotient (IQ). Imawunika luso loyankhula, lopanda mawu, komanso losamveka.
• EQ-i 2.0 - Measure of Emotional Intelligence (EI) yomwe imayang'ana luso la kudziona, kudziwonetsera, luso loyankhulana, kupanga zisankho komanso kuthetsa nkhawa.
• Matrices a Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrices - Mayeso oganiza osagwiritsa ntchito mawu omwe amafunikira kuzindikira mapatani ndi kumaliza mndandanda. Imayesa luntha lamadzimadzi.
• Mayesero a Torrance of Creative Thinking - Kuwunika luso monga kusinthasintha, kusinthasintha, kuwonekera, ndi kulongosola bwino pakuthetsa mavuto. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira mphamvu zopanga.
• Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test, Second Edition (KBIT-2) - Kuwunika mwachidule kwa luntha kudzera m'mawu, osalankhula ndi ma IQ ophatikizika.
• Wechsler Individual Achievement Test (WIAT) - Unikani madera opindula monga kuwerenga, masamu, kulemba ndi luso la chinenero cholankhula.
• Mayeso a Woodcock-Johnson IV a Luso la Chidziwitso - Batire yokwanira yowunika luso lazidziwitso zazikulu komanso zopapatiza kudzera pamayesero apakamwa, osalankhula ndi kukumbukira.
Zitengera Zapadera
Mayesero amtundu wa luntha ndiabwino pakulozera mphamvu m'malo enaake monga masamu kapena kuyankhula pomwe mayeso a IQ amayerekeza luso la kuzindikira. Smart imabwera muzokonda zambiri ndipo mayeso amasintha mukamakula. Pitirizani kudzitsutsa nokha ndipo luso lanu lidzakudabwitsani nthawi.
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Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri
Kodi mitundu 9 ya luntha ndi chiyani?
Mitundu 8 yoyambirira idafotokozedwa ndi a Howard Gardner ndipo imaphatikizapo luntha la chilankhulo chokhudzana ndi luso la chilankhulo, luntha la masamu okhudzana ndi kulingalira ndi kulingalira, luntha lokhala ndi malo okhudzana ndi malingaliro a malo, luntha la thupi logwirizana ndi kulumikizana kwa thupi, luntha lanyimbo lokhudzana ndi kayimbidwe ndi kamvekedwe ka mawu, luntha la anthu okhudzana ndi kuzindikira kwa anthu, luntha lodziwikiratu lokhudzana ndi kudzidziwa, komanso luntha lazachilengedwe lokhudzana ndi chilengedwe. Mitundu ina imakulitsa ntchito ya Gardner pophatikiza nzeru za kukhalapo ngati gawo la 9.
Kodi MBTI yanzeru kwambiri ndi iti?
Palibe mtundu wa Myers-Briggs (MBTI) wotsimikizika "wanzeru kwambiri", chifukwa luntha ndizovuta komanso zambiri. Komabe, mtundu uliwonse ukhoza kukhala ndi luntha lalikulu kutengera zomwe zakumana nazo m'moyo komanso kukula kwa chibadwa chawo. IQ sichidziwika kwathunthu ndi umunthu wokha.
